Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrode capable of maintaining superior capacity retention without destruction of an electrode structure, even in the case of using an active material including silicon.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrode capable of maintaining superior capacity retention without destruction of an electrode structure, even in the case of using an active material including silicon.

Abstract: The invention provides a carrier and a method for obtaining, removing, or detecting extracellular membrane vesicle or virus present in a sample. In particular, the invention provides (a) a carrier (a Tim carrier) on which a protein (a Tim protein), selected from a T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing molecule-4 (a Tim-4) protein, a Tim-3 protein, and a Tim-1 protein, is bound; (b) a method for obtaining the extracellular membrane vesicle or the virus in the sample; (c) a method for removing the extracellular membrane vesicle or the virus in the sample; (d) a method for detecting the extracellular membrane vesicle or the virus in the sample; (e) a kit for capturing the extracellular membrane vesicle or the virus, comprising the Tim carrier; and f) a kit for capturing the extracellular membrane vesicle or the virus, comprising a reagent containing the Tim protein and a reagent containing the carrier.

Abstract: An external standard solution for use in the analysis of amino acid in plasma, containing, (1) at least one amino acid selected from the following components A, at a concentration of 0.0007 M to 0.49 M, and (2) (i) at least one amino acid selected from the following components B, at a concentration of 0.2 to 0.9 times of the lowest-concentration amino acid among the amino acids selected from components A, (ii) at least one amino acid selected from the following components C, at a concentration of 0.1 to 0.4 times of the lowest-concentration amino acid among amino acids selected from the components A, or (iii) at least one amino acid selected from the following components D, at a concentration of 0.05 to 0.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for detection of mutant-type DNA or/and wild-type DNA by contacting at least one of a single-stranded DNA having a substituted nucleotide, a deficient nucleotide region, or an inserted nucleotide region (mutant-type DNA), or/and a wild-type single-stranded DNA corresponding to the mutant-type DNA (wild-type DNA) with a probe hybridizing with both single-stranded DNAs, to form a hybrid with the mutant-type DNA (mutant-type hybrid) or/and a hybrid with the wild-type DNA (wild-type hybrid) (at least one of the obtained mutant-type hybrid and wild-type hybrid has a loop structure), (2) contacting the obtained mutant-type hybrid or/and wild-type hybrid with an intercalator, and (3) detecting the presence or absence of the mutant-type DNA or/and the wild-type DNA by separating the conjugate of mutant-type hybrid and intercalator or/and the conjugate of wild-type hybrid and intercalator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cleaning agent for a semiconductor substrate having a copper wiring film or a copper alloy wiring film, and a cobalt-containing film to be used in a post-process of a chemical mechanical polishing process, comprising (A) an organic acid represented by general formula described in the present specification, (B) amines selected from the group consisting of (B-1) diamines, (B-2) amidines, (B-3) azoles, and (B-4) pyrazines or pyrimidines, represented by general formulae described in the present specification, (C) a hydroxylamine derivative, and (D) an oxygen scavenger represented by general formula described in the present specification, and being an aqueous solution having a pH of 10 or higher; and a processing method for the surface of a semiconductor substrate, having a copper wiring film or a copper alloy wiring film, and a cobalt-containing film, which comprises using the cleaning agent.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide: an etching agent for a titanium-based metal on a semiconductor substrate, which suppresses decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, has a long liquid service life, and has less need for controlling the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the etching agent, even in the cases where the etching agent is used for a semiconductor substrate having the titanium-based metal and a metallic copper or a metal alloy; an etching method; and an etching agent preparation liquid for use by mixing with hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to obtain a biotinylated nucleic acid efficiently, by enhancing dissociation efficiency of biotin in the biotinylated nucleic acid and tamavidin 2 in a tamavidin 2-immobilized insoluble carrier. The inventive method for separating a biotinylated nucleic acid includes (1) contacting a sample containing a biotinylated nucleic acid wherein the biotin is bound to the nucleic acid with a insoluble carrier on which tamavidin is immobilized (a tamavidin-immobilized insoluble carrier) to form a complex of the biotinylated nucleic acid and the tamavidin-immobilized insoluble carrier, and (2) separating the biotinylated nucleic acid from the complex in a solution having pH of 7.8 to 9.5 and in the presence of free biotin. The invention also provides a method for separating the biotinylated nucleic acid to which the nucleic acid-binding protein is bound, a method for separating the nucleic acid-binding protein, and a kit for separating the nucleic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for detecting of a mutant DNA using a probe, comprising: (1) contacting a sample containing a single-stranded DNA which has a substituted nucleotide, a deleted nucleotide region, or an inserted nucleotide region (mutant-type DNA), or/and a wild-type single-stranded DNA (wild-type DNA) corresponding thereto with the probe which hybridizes with both single-stranded DNA, to form a hybrid with the mutant-type DNA (mutant-type hybrid) or/and a hybrid with a wild-type DNA (wild-type hybrid), wherein at least one of the obtained mutant-type hybrid and wild-type hybrid has the stem structure; (2) separating the obtained mutant-type hybrid or/and wild-type hybrid by electrophoresis on the basis of presence or absence of the stem structure or difference in the stem structure; and (3) detecting the presence or absence of the mutant-type DNA in the sample.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method which is capable of determining, at an initial stage of differentiation, the differentiated state of undifferentiated stem cells. The invention provides a method for determining a differentiated state of a cell comprising detecting expression of FOXB2 gene of a stem cell, and determining the differentiated state based on the result, and a differentiation marker selected from mRNA or protein derived from the FOXB2 gene. The invention is applicable to quality management of the stem cells or to methods for preparation and isolation of the differentiated cells. Further, because the differentiated cells can be determined at an initial stage of culture, the invention is useful for an early stage screening of cells and for quality management of the stem cells, and reduction in culturing period and cost reduction in expenditure regarding a culture medium, or the like, can be expected.

Abstract: A quencher is disclosed having a compound represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R5 each independently represent a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an amino group having a substituent or not having a substituent, a hydroxy group, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, or an arylalkyl group; R6 represents a group having a polymerizable unsaturated group, a hydroxy group, or the like; Y1 represents an oxygen atom, or the like; An? represents an anion; Ar1 represents a specific ring structure; * and ** represent binding positions; Ar2 represents a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, or an anthracene ring; n1 represents a specific integer; and the following structure (1-10) in the general formula (1) is an asymmetric structure; (wherein R5, Y1, Ar1, Ar2, n1, * and ** are the same as described above.).

Abstract: A specimen disrupting apparatus includes: a drive unit that rotates the lower portion of a container having a solution that includes a specimen, a great number of small diameter beads, and a large diameter bead stored therein; and a control unit that controls the drive unit. The control unit controls the drive unit such that the lower portion of the container rotates at two or more different rotational speeds which are changed continuously.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrolytic solution having high oxidation decomposition potential, where dissolution and deposition of magnesium proceed repeatedly and stably, using a non-nucleophilic alkoxide-type magnesium salt.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cancer marker, consisting of a portion of or all of the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 in a FOXB2 gene derived from a cell, and being continuous nucleotide sequences comprising at least the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2 or 3, wherein 30% or more of cytosines of the -CG- sequences present in said nucleotide sequence are methylated, and method for determining canceration of a cell on the basis of methylation ratio, wherein said methylation ratio is measured by a bisulfate reaction for a portion of or all of cytosines of the -CG- sequences present in the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 in a FOXB2 gene derived from a cell.

Abstract: A cleaning agent is provided for a semiconductor substrate superior in corrosion resistance of a tungsten wiring or a tungsten alloy wiring, and superior in removal property of polishing fines (particle) such as silica or alumina, remaining at surface of the semiconductor substrate, in particular, at surface of a silicon oxide film such as a TEOS film, after a chemical mechanical polishing process; and a method for processing a semiconductor substrate surface. A cleaning agent for a semiconductor substrate is to be used in a post process of a chemical mechanical polishing process of the semiconductor substrate having a tungsten wiring or a tungsten alloy wiring, and a silicon oxide film, comprising (A) a phosphonic acid-based chelating agent, (B) a primary or secondary monoamine having at least one alkyl group or hydroxyalkyl group in a molecule and (C) water, wherein a pH is over 6 and below 7.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an agglutination enhancer which shows superior agglutination enhancing effect to those of conventional immunoagglutination enhancers, and the present invention relates to an agglutination enhancer for an immunoagglutination measurement method which comprises a polymer having a monomer unit shown by the following general formula [1]: (Wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R2 and R3 independently represent a methyl group or an ethyl group, respectively; X represents —NH— or an oxygen atom; n represents an integer of 1 to 6; and m represents an integer of 1 to 3), and an immunoagglutination measurement method in which, in the coexistence of the above-described agglutination enhancer for immunoagglutination measurement method, an antibody against analyte or an antigen for the analyte is brought into contact with the analyte to cause an antigen-antibody reaction.

Abstract: This invention provides methods and compositions, e.g., to reduce interference from non-specific binding sample constituents in a migration shift assay. Interference due to non-specific binding of sample constituents to an affinity substance (e.g., an affinity molecule or a conjugate of an affinity molecule and a charged carrier molecule) is prevented by, e.g., binding the constituents to charged polymers such as heparin sulfate. The present invention also provides methods to concentrate an analyte of interest with high concentration and to detect the analyte with high sensitivity, and further to optimize the reaction conditions for easily concentrating the analyte. Such objects of the present invention are attained, for example, by concentrating a complex of the analyte and a conjugate which is formed by contacting the analyte in a sample with an affinity molecule bound to a charged carrier molecule such as DNA.

Abstract: An external standard solution for use in the analysis of amino acid in plasma, containing, (1) at least one amino acid selected from the following components A, at a concentration of 0.0007 M to 0.49 M, and (2) (i) at least one amino acid selected from the following components B, at a concentration of 0.2 to 0.9 times of the lowest-concentration amino acid among the amino acids selected from components A, (ii) at least one amino acid selected from the following components C, at a concentration of 0.1 to 0.4 times of the lowest-concentration amino acid among amino acids selected from the components A, or (iii) at least one amino acid selected from the following components D, at a concentration of 0.05 to 0.

Abstract: A colored composition is provided having higher heat resistance as compared with a conventional colored composition using triarylmethane derivative. The present invention relates to a compound represented by the following general formula (1), and a polymer having a monomer unit derived from the compound, and the like. (wherein R1 to R4 each independently represent an alkyl group or the like; R5 to R7 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; n pieces of R8 each independently represent a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, a hydroxy group, a nitro group, a sulfo group, an alkoxy group, or the like; and n represents an integer of 0 to 4. A1 represents an alkylene group, or the like; A2 represents —NH— or —O—. An? represents an anion containing an aryl group having an electron-withdrawing substituent, a sulfonyl group having an electron-withdrawing substituent, or a halogenated alkyl group.

Abstract: A colored resin composition using a conventional rhodamine derivative has not provided heat resistance in a practical range. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a coloring composition having higher heat resistance as compared with the conventional coloring composition. The present invention relates to a compound represented by the following general formula (1), and a polymer having a monomer unit derived from the compound, and the like.