Abstract: A thermoscopic unit such as for use in a thermostat of a fluid mixing valve comprising a hollow body in which a cylindrical convoluted bellows unit is located and sealed to the body to define an expansion chamber in which a thermally responsive material, such as wax, is contained. Temperature changes resulting in a change of volume of the material in the expansion chamber apply an external pressure to change the axial length of the bellows unit, and this may be operably connected to an actuator for a valve assembly. Preferably, there is a reservoir of the material constituted by a tubular coil encircling the hollow body, or a hollow cone extending therefrom. Such reservoir is filled with the material and is in communication with the expansion chamber and provides additional heat transfer surfaces to give fast response to temperature changes.

Abstract: A spray nozzle for use in the spray head of shower-bathing apparatus and primarily for use with high pressure water systems. The nozzle comprises a ducted body housing a swirl device having fixed guide vanes extending radially from a generally cylindrical hub and substantially flat guide faces angled relative to the hub axis which impart a swirling motion to water flowing through the body and which direct the water onto a converging wall and thence to a single nozzle orifice of right cylindrical configuration, whereby the water issues as a cone-shaped spray which is "full" of water droplets. The nozzle is suitable for use over a wide range of pressures above 1 bar (1 atmosphere) as the level of comfort of the user is maintained at the higher pressures.