Abstract: Among the various aspects of the present disclosure is the provision of devices, systems, and methods for tracking the positions and orientations of at least one bone screw implanted within a surgical site. The disclosed device includes an extension that includes an extension base configured to couple to the bone screw, a marker arm coupled at one end to the extension base in a hinged arrangement, and an optical marker attached to a free end of the marker arm opposite the hinged attachment. The optical marker includes a pair of lenticular arrays in a coplanar arrangement in which the major axes of the lenticular arrays are mutually perpendicular. Each lenticular array is configured to display different hues at different viewing angles. The disclosed method includes transforming a single image of a surgical site containing at least one bone screw and extension into the global positions of each bone screw based on the pixel positions and hues corresponding to the lenticular arrays of each optical marker.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for correcting artifacts within CT images of a subject includes providing iteratively correcting a CT volumetric image with a high-contrast mask by overpainting the high-contrast mask within CT volumetric image set by evaluating a model function and updating the CT projections to reflect the overpainting using a gradient descent based on previous overpainted CT projections, back-projecting the corrected CT projections to produce a corrected volumetric image set, and comparing the corrected CT volumetric image set against a previous corrected CT volumetric image set until convergence. The original voxels overpainted by the high-contrast mask are re-inserted into the converged CT volumetric image to produce the final CT volumetric image set.

Abstract: Among the various aspects of the present disclosure is the provision of methods to predict the risk of developing immunotherapy-associated neurotoxicity in a subject by measuring neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in a biological sample obtained from the subject, wherein the subject is receiving or may receive an immunotherapy such as CAR T cell therapy.

Abstract: Low-pass whole genome sequencing, as well as targeted hybrid-capture next-generation sequencing, were performed to detect both small mutations and genome-wide copy number alterations to more precisely detect MRD after physician's-choice neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A machine learning model using both cell-free DNA and pre-treatment clinical characteristics is disclosed. With this method, it was possible to significantly predict both progression-free and overall survival.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of treating diseases associated with vascular calcification and/or cardiovascular disease in a subject by using the level of a biomarker, in particular, snail homolog 1 (Snai1), phosphosmad2, phosphosmad3, urinary protein, dickkopf homolog 1 (Dkk1), collagen type 1 alpha 1 (Col1a1), activin (e.g., free activin), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), alkaline phosphatase (Alp), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP), C-terminal type 1 collagen telopeptide (CTX), osterix, Klotho, alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), myocardin (MYOCD), activin receptor type 2A (ActRIIA), axis inhibition protein 2 (Axin2), and/or smooth muscle protein 22-alpha (Sm22-alpha), as an indicator(s) of responsiveness of the subject to the treatment, efficacy of the treatment, or appropriate dosage for the treatment with an activin type II receptor signaling inhibitor.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to microneedle patches for direct sampling and ultrasensitive detection of protein biomarkers in dermal interstitial fluids. The microneedle patches are comprised of polymers with high protein absorption capability (e.g. polystyrene) and are modified with capture biorecognition elements that are specific to target analytes in the interstitial fluid (ISF). Systems and methods are further provided for detection of a target ISF analyte obtained by in vivo sampling of the ISF using a microneedle patch.

Abstract: A 3D model system of human placental development that includes 3D stem cell-derived trophoblast organoids comprising self-organized trophoblast stem cells isolated from naive human pluripotent stem cells, and uses thereof, are described.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for methods of treating or preventing a headache disorder in a subject including administering to the subject a CCL2-CCR2 signaling inhibiting agent.

Abstract: Compositions, methods, and systems for labeling cells to track cell lineage within single-cell transcriptomic, genomic, epigenomic, and/or multi-omics assays are disclosed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for locating tagged objects in remote regions are presented herein, in one embodiment, a method of locating tagged objects in remote regions includes creating a signal strength probability density map by. The method also includes transmitting first packets of data from at least one first tag to a plurality of stations and determining, by a plurality of stations, received signal strength indicator (RSSI) for received first packets of data. The method also includes transmitting, by the plurality of stations, the RSSI to an uplink node; and transmitting, by the uplink node, the RSSI to a database. The method further includes determining, by the database, the signal strength probability density map representative of probabilistic locations of the at least one first tag; and transmitting second packets of data from a second tag to the plurality of stations.

Abstract: Compositions and methods useful for vaccinating for or preventing a Coronavinus infection, antibody screening, and variant prediction are provided. The present disclosure also provides for compositions and methods useful for sera diagnostics, treatment screening, and methods of making the compositions described herein.

Abstract: Various methods and compositions for treating age-associated conditions and other medical conditions, such as muscle diseases, type 2 diabetes, and/or obesity are described. Methods of enhancing cellular uptake of NMN and stimulating NAD+ production are further described. Various mammalian cells and mammalian cell lines are described including those comprising a cDNA encoding a Slc12a8 protein. Gene therapy vectors comprising a nucleic acid encoding Slc12a8 and non-human animals comprising an inactivating mutation in a Slc12a8 gene are also disclosed. Also described are methods for screening a candidate compound to identify compounds that promote NMN transport.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to various methods of suppressing inflammasome activation. For example, the present invention relates to various methods of treating a disease or condition in which inflammation contributes to the disease or condition state.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and compositions related to methods of treating, ameliorating, mitigating, slowing, arresting, preventing or reversing various diseases and conditions, including age-related obesity, age-related increases in blood lipid levels, age-related decreases in insulin sensitivity, age-related decreases in memory function, and age-related changes in eye function such as macular degeneration. The methods comprise administering nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) to a subject. In some embodiments, the administration can be oral administration. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising NMN.

Abstract: Among the various aspects of the present disclosure is the provision of conjugate systems and methods of use thereof. In an aspect, the conjugate system includes an adenovirus comprising an exterior surface, and at least one polypeptide comprising a first domain and a second domain, and wherein the exterior surface comprises a peptide tag capable of binding to a binding partner.

Abstract: Provided herein are synthetic P. vivax antigens, antibodies and pharmaceutical formulations and vaccines thereof. Also provided herein are methods of treating and/or preventing Plasmodium infection and/or disease by administering the synthetic P. vivax antigens, antibodies and pharmaceutical formulations and vaccines thereof.

Abstract: Systems and methods for monitoring and controlling delivery of a therapeutic compound to a brain of a subject using FUS-BBBD are disclosed. The method includes treating the brain of the subject with focused ultrasound in combination with microbubbles for blood-brain barrier disruption (FUS-BBBD), administering the therapeutic agent to the subject; and obtaining a map of a concentration of the therapeutic agent delivered to the brain of the subject using passive cavitation imaging (PCI). The delivery of focused sound may be modulated to match the map of the concentration of the therapeutic agent delivered to the brain of the subject to a desired spatial distribution of the therapeutic agent.

Abstract: The present invention is a method or system for acceptance testing and commissioning of a LINAC and treatment planning system (TPS). For a LINAC commissioning, the present invention collects reference data from a fully calibrated LINAC and compares the reference data with machine performance data collected from LINAC. The compared results are analyzed to assess accuracy of the testing LINAC. For a TPS commissioning, the present invention collects standard reference data from standard treatment plans and standard input data and compares the standard reference data with results from standard tests that are performed by a testing treatment plan system. The compares results are analyzed to assess accuracy of the testing treatment plan system.

Abstract: Among the various aspects of the present disclosure is the provision of systems and methods for producing systems and methods for the computational design of CRISPR guide RNAs for strain-specific control of microbiota consortia.

Abstract: Systems and methods for the selection of a treatment for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in a patient in need based on single-cell RNA sequencing data obtained from a tumor biopsy sample obtained prior to treatment are disclosed. Also disclosed are systems and methods for predicting a clinical outcome of a pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patient based on the single-cell RNA sequencing data.