Abstract: A press having a stationary upper bolster and a movable lower bolster carried by two outer and two inner frame plates located near the ends and center of the platens respectively. Through the use of strain gauges measuring the load on the product provided on either sides of each frame plate and servo-operated piston cylinders connected to the lower bolster controlling the output force, a deflection of the lower bolster is made to be parallel to the deflection of the upper bolster so that an equal pressure distribution results in compression therebetween thereby producing a uniform thickness in the product.

Abstract: A rolling mill stand has a pair of work rolls and a pair of associated backup rolls. The backup rolls are generally cylindrical with portions of varying diameter. The work rolls are generally cylindrical with portions of varying diameter and of different work surface configurations from each other. The work rolls may assume a first position generally aligned with the backup rolls and second and third positions in which the work rolls are axially displaced as a unit in the same direction from the aligned positions with the backup rolls. This permits forming of flat strip, centrally crowned strip, or strip with crowned edges. The work rolls preferably diverge in the same direction and the backup rolls preferably diverge in the opposite direction. A method of achieving a generally flat strip, centrally crowned strip or edge crown strip employing relative axial displacement of work rolls with respect to the backup rolls.

Abstract: A shearing apparatus for performing several modes of operation on travelling or stationary material. Two cooperative knife drums, which can be rendered rotatable or non-rotatable, form a gap whose spacing is varied by hydraulic piston cylinder assemblies, one mounted on opposed ends of the upper or bottom drum. The adjustable knife drum is held in a parallel or non-parallel positioning or caused to rock with or without additional high frequency oscillations by controlling and regulating the pressure in the cylinders, while simultaneously moving the upper drum towards the lower drum and/or rotating both drums.

Abstract: A roof assembly for an electric arc furnace having a plurality of water cooled trapezoidal-shaped roof segments or panel units arranged in a circular manner and having arcuate surfaces which abut inner and outer fabricated welded support rings and having longitudinal surfaces which do not contact the adjacent panels when in an assembled form. The arcuate surface abutting the inner ring is slanted downwardly towards the outer ring from the top to the bottom surface of the panel, and that abutting the outer ring may have point contact creating a wedging effect for each panel between the support rings. The outer ring provides several spaced apart load bearing members defining openings which permit debris to slide off the assembled roof thereby limiting build-up on the roof, and a conduit of the support rings carries coolant to protect the weldment areas of the rings.

Abstract: A fluid cooled roof assembly for an electric arc furnace comprised of at least three circular sector shaped panels having coolant passages and an outer ring member supporting a plurality of connected arcuate ring sectors which extend upwardly away from the interior of the furnace giving added height thereto, and on which the assembled panels are supported in a flat disposition. The circular sector panels, when assembled, are designed to provide ports for receiving the electrodes and come together at a point location in the center of the roof forming a full circle which completely covers the furnace.

Abstract: A thin coherent, high pressure volume, curtain water wall of liquid is applied in a transverse direction across a surface of a strip in a hot rolling mill to uniformly remove oxide scaling from the strip's surface. A header is designed to have several passages which produce several discrete liquid flows which are directed into a pressure equalization zone prior to their entering the nozzle section of the header to create upon the flow's exiting from the nozzle section a curtain wall of fluid having a thickness which delivers a uniform sufficient impact force against the strip's surface for the descaling process thereof.

Abstract: A tandem rolling mill having a plurality of stands with each stand having a pair of work rolls and a pair of backup rolls. A downstream roll stand has work rolls of reduced diameter and backup rolls of increased diameter with respect to an upstream stand preferably at least a major number of downstream stands have reduced diameter work rolls and enlarged diameter work rolls with respect to an upstream stand. The center-to-center spacing between work rolls and backup rolls decreases in a downstream direction and the length of the rolls increases from stand-to-stand in a downstream direction.

Abstract: A rotary notcher is used in a continuous strip processing line for metallic strip to cut out side or edge portions of the joined strips in the welded area. When an arc welder is used, welding may be done only in the center area of the seam remote from where the notching occurs. The rotary notcher is activated in a time relationship with the welding process to notch along the joined seam. The notcher comprises two opposed housings along longitudinal edges of the strip for cantileverly supporting a cooperative pair of rotatable knife drums each having cooperative arcuate surfaces upon which an arcuate knife is mounted, and cooperative flat sections for allowing the strip to travel therebetween without hitting against the drums. The knife has a continuous gradual slope with a desired depth formed between the two extremes of the edge of the knife to effect a smooth continuous cut.

Abstract: A refractory block design for re-radiating a substantial amount of heat losses back to a heated product thereby substantially maintaining its required temperature. A relatively thin sheet of stainless steel, i.e. the ratio of the thickness of the sheet being approximately 1/500th of the thickness of the heated product, is wrapped in a sinuous manner around one side of a refractory fiber block arranged in a similar sinuous manner to tightly fit into the folds of the block for storing heat, and radiating heat back to the heated product when thermal equilibrium therebetween is reached.

Abstract: A header for applying a low pressure, non-turbulent, coherent curtain wall of coolant of a substantial uniform extent and thickness transversely across the rolling surface of a work roll of a hot rolling mill or the like, which curtain wall in cross-section is in the form of the uniform concentric enveloping camber of a portion of a roll barrel. The placement of the applied wall of coolant is controlled so that the built-up heat in each succeeding work roll portion leaving contact either with the hot material being rolled or its associated back-up roll in a multi-high mill is substantially and uniformly removed, and optimized cooling thereof is achieved. An adjustable discharge slot which may be tapered to discharge the curtain wall across the length of the roll's camber in a manner to control cooling of the work roll from end to end, i.e. the cooling rate of the length of a roll would have a parabolic curve.

Abstract: A roof assembly for an electric arc furnace having a plurality of water cooled trapezoidal-shaped roof segments or panel units arranged in a circular manner and having arcuate surfaces which abut inner and outer fabricated welded support rings and having longitudinal surfaces which do not contact the adjacent panels when in an assembled form. The arcuate surface abutting the inner ring is slanted downwardly towards the outer ring from the top to the bottom surface of the panel, and that abutting the outer ring may have point contact creating a wedging effect for each panel between the support rings. The outer ring provides several spaced apart load bearing members defining openings which permit debris to slide off the assembled roof thereby limiting build-up on the roof, and a conduit of the support rings carries coolant to protect the weldment areas of the rings.

Abstract: An arrangement, apparatus, and method for alternately stacking material, such as copper, glass, etc. to form a stack of uncured laminates in a laminating press line. A material sheet pick-up and depositing head has at least one compartment which receives negative air pressure for a pick-up mode, and positive air pressure for a material sheet depositing mode. A slightly curved convexed surface on the underside of this head may cooperate with the positive pressure in first forcing the center of the sheet downwardly and then outwardly onto the build-up station, whereby air is dispelled from between the sheet and the already uncured stacked laminates, resulting in the sheet being placed smoothly onto the stacked laminates. A conveyor belt system mounted on the head cooperates with the negative air pressure to uncoil a sheet of material from a let-off unit.

Abstract: An apparatus for distributing curtain walls of coolant around a passing hot rolled, extruded, or drawn round, metal article, and optimizing the cooling thereof. A circular liquid coolant header comprises an enclosure divided into two abutting annular compartments; the first compartment containing a smaller annular concentric compartment with openings communicating with the second abutting compartment, which, in turn, has several circumferentially positioned and evenly spaced nozzle assemblies for delivering the curtain walls. A nozzle assembly is located between two semi-round compartment inlets which receive coolant from the first compartment and diffuse and direct the coolant flow into a respective nozzle assembly.

Abstract: A water discharging system for cooling hot rolled steel strip including a header for delivering water to the strip, a water supply system for the header, two fixed overflow pipes arranged to control the volume output of said header: one capable of producing the full flow capacity, and the other a half flow capacity of the water delivered by the header, and a valve for bringing into operation one or the other of said overflow pipes.

Abstract: In the manufacturing of a shell for a cast iron rolling mill roll, heating the chill prior to casting so that the chill at the time pouring commences is in the approximate range of 300.degree. to 600.degree. F. in order to decrease the cooling rate of the metal after it passes through the solidus at a rate slower than normal to allow sufficient time through a critical temperature zone for the super-saturated solution to precipitate complex compounds in the solid solution phase. The present invention relates to a high alloy metal chemistry such as employed in the manufacture of a high chromium shell for a rolling mill roll whereby after solidification the cooling rate is decreased and controlled to allow a sufficient time through a critical temperature zone for the super-saturated solution to precipitate complex compounds in the solid solution phase.

Abstract: A sealing assembly for use in a press having one or several openings defined by a number of platens, consisting of a plate to which an inflatable, flexible seal with a protective retainer is attached and is installed in the space in each opening by suspending it to the bottom side of each platen. After closing of the press, positive air pressure is delivered into the sealing element to gradually inflate the sealing element causing a tight sealing of the space between the platens irrespective of the irregularities existing in the contact surface of the sealing element. A vacuum can be applied to remove any contaminants and/or gasses trapped in the space enclosed by the sealing assembly.

Abstract: The disclosure of the present invention relates to a compensating counterweight system used in a cold pilger step-by-step type seamless tube rolling mill reciprocated by a crank assembly. The crank assembly includes first and second compensating mass devices which are arranged to rotate coaxially on a single crank shaft in opposite directions relative to each other. The two mass devices are kinetically connected through a bevel gear drive set which causes the second compensating mass device to rotate in an opposite directon to the first compensating mass device.

Abstract: An electrical control circuit which provides means of initiating the start of upset of a flash welding machine at an operator selectable value of flashing electrical energy. The energy signal for this circuit is taken from an energy monitor, such as the output of the circuit shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,084,075. The control circuit, by means of a single adjustment of electrical switch means, may include a few additional electrical components to enable initiation of the start of upset, or termination of upset, as a function of platen position rather than as a function of flashing energy. Further, by simple adjustment of additional electrical switch means, further electrical components may be included to control the distance the movable platen moves during the upset portion of the welding cycle. Also, a meter may be included in the circuit to display either upset distance or upset initiation.

Abstract: An improved design for a cage mill for disintegrating or reducing materials such as ore, grain, etc., consisting of a movable and a stationary portion for housing two cooperative rotatable cage assemblies mounted on coaxial shafts, and each having two rows of impact members alternating with those of the other cage assembly. The axial length of the impact members increases radially outwardly from the axis of the two shafts, and a disk for each cage assembly has a stepped portion for mounting the longer row of impact members and the ends of the members are protected by impact rings. The stepped portion provides an offset area for nesting the ring of a preceding row to protect the ring against abrasion. For each cage assembly a tapered split ring nut arrangement at the end of the shaft forces the cage against a hub rigidly secured to the shaft, and a locking means secures the nut to the shaft.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to an electrolytic cell for electroplating a continuous strand of steel wire which is spread out in a series of consecutive circular loops while passing through the electroplating cell. The loops of wire are carried by two or more steel chains spaced apart and designed to convey the wire through the electroplating solution, each chain being supported by a cooperative steel track which also serves as the cathode for transferring current to the chains and hence to the wire.