Abstract: A Non-Linear Voltammetry (NLV)-based method for charging batteries. It also relates to a fast charging system implementing this method. Adaptive charging, Non-Linear Voltage changing, and Relaxation are the key cornerstones of this method. Adaptive charging allows the system to balance the charging based on the user's time requirements, required charge capacity and the SOC and SOH of the battery. Non-linearly changing the voltage coupled with a suitable relaxation pattern allows this method to gain the maximum charge capacity without straining the battery.

Abstract: An adaptive charging protocol (ACP) implemented for fast-charging a rechargeable battery having electrode terminals connected to terminals of a power supply provided to apply time-varying voltages to the electrodes, comprising, before starting a charging operation for the battery, the steps of: detecting the existence of historical data on previous charging operations for the battery; in case of detection, processing the historical data to adjust charging parameters in view of optimizing the charging operation; in absence of detection, electrically testing the battery to get data on variations of the state of charge (SOC) for the battery, in view of building a learning model on the SOC variations to be used for optimizing the charging operation.

Abstract: A method for online assessing a state of health (SOH) of an electrochemical cell, comprises a step for estimating the state of health (SOH) of the electrochemical cell from thermodynamics data related to the cell the thermodynamics data including entropy and enthalpy variations ?S, ?H within the cell. A system for fast-charging a rechargeable battery with terminals connected to internal electrochemical cells, comprises a power supply connected to the rechargeable battery and arranged for applying a time-varying charging voltage to the battery terminals, a charging-control processor for controlling the power supply, and a system for online assessing a state of health (SOH) of the battery, the SOH assessment system comprising means for estimating the state of health (SOH) of the electrochemical cell from thermodynamics data related to the battery.

Abstract: A method for fast-charging an electrochemical cell comprises the steps of: —providing the electrochemical cell, the electrochemical cell presenting an initial state of charge (SOC), and—providing a time-varying charging voltage to the electrochemical cell, thereby generating a charging current resulting in charging of the electrochemical cell from the initial SOC up to a target value SOCf for the state of charge. The step of providing a time-varying charging voltage involves applying N bundles of current pulses in such a way that: each bundle k (1?k?N) comprises a variable number Pk of ik pulses (1?ik?Pk), each ik pulse in a k bundle being defined by a C-rate equal to ni,k·C and a duration ?i,k. at each pulse ik, the state of charge (SOC) is increased by ?ik (%)=ni,k·?i,k/M, with M as a predetermined parameter.