Abstract: A method for manufacturing an absorbent composite in a sanitary product wherein at least one liquid absorbing layer (14) is formed by the dry forming technique. The absorbing layer includes natural fibers, such as wood fibres, or natural fibers and plastic fibers mixed with one another, and superabsorbent material (15), and is bound by heat. At least one material layer (13) is dry formed on the absorbing layer (14), before the absorbing layer is bound by heat, from fibers crimping in connection with the binding taking place by heat.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing an absorbent fibre layer (15), and an absorbent fibre layer. In the method, at least one material layer (16) consisting of a mixture of natural fibres, such as wood fibres, and plastic fibres is formed by a dry-forming technique, and at least one other material layer (17) consisting of natural fibres, or a mixture of natural fibres and plastic fibres, and superabsorbent material (18) is formed on said material layer. The fibre layer (15) is bonded with heat. The invention is characterized in that the superabsorbent material (18) is added to the second material layer (17) to be formed in connection with its dry-forming stage, after which the upper surface of the fibre layer is compacted and its lower surface is moistened and compressed by hot calendering in order to compress the material layer (16) comprising no superabsorbent material into a liquid-spreading layer.

Abstract: The invention concerns a paper-based, soft or semi-hard sheet material which contains a core layer of compressed shredded paper with surface layers. The material is suited for use as inner end shields for paper reels, for example.

Abstract: A package comprising a substantially cylindrical body part consisting mainly of cardboard and having reversely folded end portions at both ends of the body part. Substantially round closing parts consisting mainly of cardboard are provided at both ends of the body part. Each of the closing parts has an edge portion turned substantially perpendicular to the plane of the closing part and attached to the respective end of the body part by passing it within the end of the body part. The edge portion of each closing part underlies a reversely folded end portion of the body part. A closing ring comprises a bead inserted between each end portion of the body part and the adjacent closing part. The bead has, on the side of the closing part, a convexly rounded surface mating with a concavely curved surface of the adjacent closing part.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for the dry forming of a material web from a long-fiber material, wherein fibrous material is blown into a forming space to form a porous material web on a wire passing through the forming space. The dry forming of long fibers in lengths of at least 20 mm is problematic. In accordance with the invention, this problem has been solved in such a way thatthe fibrous material is blown into the forming space by at least one air current (A) that is substantially horizontal and transverse to the wire,the fibrous material is guided onto the surface of the wire (1) by an air current (D) that is substantially vertical and passes through the wire downwardly,and the desired material web (F) is formed by the combined effect of said horizontal and vertical air currents.

Abstract: A printing ink, especially a printing ink for newsprint, comprises essentially pigment and binder portions. The binder portion consists entirely of a tall oil based agent. The tall oil is chemically processed, e.g. polymerized, esterified, fortified and/or phenolated for bringing it into a form suitable for use as a binder portion and/or a binder component.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for reducing the thickness of an edge (2) of a board web (3) or board sheets, comprising a cutting blade (1); and structure for supporting, positioning and rotating the cutting blade and for guiding the edge (2) to be thinned with respect to the cutting blade (1). To provide a mechanically simple device construction of good adjustability, the cutting blade (1) is disclike; and the edge guide comprises a lower roll (4) and structure (5) for tightening the edge to be thinned against the lower roll.

Abstract: A method for forming a dry web on the wire, with the fibre material being fed into at least one perforated drumlike forming element that covers essentially the whole width of the web to be formed, in which forming element fibres are conveyed in the drum along the width of the web and screened through the mantle of the forming element onto the wire. To achieve such web formation as has as few disturbances as possible, the fibre material is fed into the drumlike forming element in such a way that the bulk of the fibres, when advancing in the feeding direction toward the other end of the forming element, get screened from the forming element onto the wire, and that those fibres that do not get screened, but travel through the forming element are removed from the forming element and returned for a new defibration.

Abstract: A method for calendering paper, especially with glassine calendering in a calender which comprises press rolls arranged successively in the paper-advancing direction where, at least between some of the rolls, press nips are formed for passing paper therethrough. Each press nip is preferably formed by a pair of rolls, one of which is hard and the other elastic. Paper is advanced into the calender at an initial moisture X within the range of 12% .ltoreq..times..ltoreq.25%, at least one of the press nips having a calculable line pressure higher than 250 kN/m. In operating conditions, the ratio X/LP between paper moisture X and calculable line pressure LP is maintained in the press nips within predetermined limits in such a manner that the maximum value of ratio X/LP divided by the minimum value of ratio X/LP is .ltoreq.2.15, whereby X refers to the moisture percentage of paper and LP is the line pressure at a particular press nip expressed as a quantity kN/m (kilonewton/meter).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of vanillin in the form of a very pure product by oxidizing lignin contained in the wood pulping liquor. According to the invention the separation and purification of vanillin from the reaction mixture is carried out by means of an extraction at a supercritical pressure and temperature. Carbon dioxide, for instance, can be used as a extraction gas.

Abstract: A conical grinding cutter for use in grinding, or refining, wood pulp, wherein the cutter part constituted by the mantle of the cone is assembled of a plurality of separate sectors. In order to improve the grinding cutter of prior art composed of sectors, in the present invention the cutter sectors have been welded together by their sides for achieving a rigid juncture substantially over the entire length of the grinding cutter.

Abstract: A procedure for controlling the surface mass distribution of a paper web being formed on a dry paper machine, wherein the suction air recirculated to the former is utilized. In procedures of prior art, the surface mass distribution has not been uniform enough. With the aid of the present invention the problem has been solved in that the quantity of air blown to the former is adjusted in the cross-machine direction in order to obtain the desired surface mass distribution.

Abstract: A cutter segment for a disc grinder or the like, said grinder consisting of two oppositely placed cutters made up of several segments attached to each other, at least one of the cutters being rotatable, said cutter segments being provided with a rough surface or with teeth and grooves for the grinding of material such as wood chips. With prior-art grinders of this kind, exhaustion of the steam produced in the grinding process has proved to be a difficult problem. The cutter segment of the invention solves this problem in that the segments of at least one of the cutters are provided with one or more exhaust channels having a sectional area essentially larger than that of the grooves.

Abstract: A steam generator assembly, particularly for use in connection with the mechanical preparation of pulp, for generating pure steam required in a subsequent process, such as drying of proper in a paper machine, by utilizing the condensation heat of contaminated steam coming from a preceding process, such as a grinding process, includes a steam converter and electrical boiler arranged in a common housing to form a unified structure. The steam converter utilizes the condensation heat of the contaminated steam to generate pure steam from water supplied to the converter. The electric boiler is connected in parallel to the steam converter and includes electrodes adapted to generate steam when moistened by water supplied to the boiler from a separate water container in the housing. Selective control of the supply of water to the electric boiler and the extent to which the electrodes are moistened regulates the amount of pure steam generated by the electric boiler.

Abstract: Procedure for preparing thermomechanical pulp from wood chips, wherein the chip flow is conducted from a storage reservoir under normal pressure through a first lock feeder into a pressurized steaming chamber, where the chips stay for a few minutes and are heated to an optimum temperature of 100.degree. to 125.degree. C., and from the steaming chamber through a second lock feeder to a feed means which supplies the chips into an enclosed hot refiner. In the procedure the steam discharging from the throat of the refiner against the chip flow is utilized for heating the chips in the steaming chamber, and the steam separated from the mechanical pulp is led off for use elsewhere.

Abstract: Continuously operating procedure for preparing hot groundwood from wood chips, wherein the chip flow is conducted into a pressurized steaming chamber, where the chips reside a few minutes and are heated to a temperature in excess of 100.degree. C, and from the steaming chamber to a sealing feeder, the rotor of which is circumferentially divided into mutually adjacent compartments, each of which in its turn fills through a feeding aperture with chips and empties in another angular position of the rotor through a discharge opening into a feeding conveyor, which carries the chips to a hot grinder, the groundwood derived from the latter being carried to further treatments, whereat the steam generated by the hot grinder and discharging from its throat in the direction against the chip flow is conducted away from the grinder. The steam is conducted through the feeding conveyor to the sealing feeder, where each compartment, as it is emptied of chips in its turn, fills with steam.