Abstract: In a pneumatic tire, a sound absorptive member is installed on an inner surface of a tread portion with a sheet material interposed therebetween. The sheet material is fixed relative to the tire inner surface or the sound absorptive member at first fixed regions. The sheet material is not fixed relative to the tire inner surface or the sound absorptive member at a non-fixed region between the first fixed regions. The sheet material is fixed at a second fixed region relative to the other of the tire inner surface or the sound absorptive member ina portion of the non-fixed region. A repair liquid introducing portion connects a closed space and a tire cavity with the sheet material, the closed space being separated from the tire cavity by the tire inner surface and the non-fixed region or the sound absorptive member and the non-fixed region in a meridian cross-section.

Abstract: In a pneumatic tire, an intermediate land portion is provided with a plurality of lug grooves having acute bent portions and a plurality of sipes extending in a direction that intersects with the lug grooves. The lug grooves are disposed so as not to overlap one another in the tire circumferential direction, and each have one end that opens to an outer main groove and an other end that terminates in the intermediate land portion. When pitches, which serve as reference positions, are defined based on end points at which the lug grooves open to the outer main groove, the sipes each are disposed to be located inside one of the pitches, and the groove area ratio in the pitches in the intermediate land portion is in the range from 15% to 25%.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes a circumferential main groove extending in a tire circumferential direction and a land portion defined by the circumferential main groove. The circumferential main groove includes a groove opening portion and a groove bottom portion each having a zigzag shape or a wave-like shape with an amplitude in a tire width direction. An outer maximum amplitude position of an outer edge portion in the groove opening portion is disposed to be offset in a tire circumferential direction with respect to an outer maximum amplitude position of an outer edge portion of the corresponding groove bottom portion.

Abstract: In a pneumatic tire, a bead filler is radially outward of a bead core, a carcass turned up end is radially inward of an outer side end of the bead filler, the turned up end is spaced from a carcass body, a reinforcement layer is laterally outward of the bead filler, a sidewall rubber extends from a sidewall to the bead, an inner rubber reinforcing layer is between the bead filler and the reinforcement layer and adjacent to the turned up end, a crack suppression layer is between the reinforcement layer and the sidewall rubber, the crack suppression layer extends 5 mm or more from where the crack suppression layer overlaps, the reinforcement layer contacts the carcass body radially outwardly of the bead filler, and a 100% modulus KcM100 of the crack suppression layer is at least 1.5 times that of the sidewall rubber.

Abstract: On a pneumatic tire, a sound absorbing member is installed on an inner surface of a tread portion via a surface fastener including a pair including a hook member and a loop member, the hook member including hook-shaped elements on one surface and being fixed to the tire inner surface, and the loop member being provided with loop-shaped elements engageable with the hook-shaped elements and being fixed to the sound absorbing member. In a meridian cross-section, the loop member has at least one section partially fixed in a tire width direction to the sound absorbing member. Given a fixed region in which the loop member is fixed to the sound absorbing member, and a non-fixed region in which the loop member is not fixed to the sound absorbing member, an engaging region in which the loop member and the hook member engage each other is on the non-fixed region.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes a mounting direction indicator, an inner shoulder and center main grooves, inner shoulder and second lands, and a center land. The inner shoulder and center main grooves are formed inward in a vehicle width direction and extend in a circumferential direction. The inner shoulder and second lands and the center land are defined by the inner shoulder and center main grooves. The inner shoulder land includes a circumferential narrow groove, an inner shoulder lug groove, and an inner shoulder sipe. The circumferential narrow groove extends in the circumferential direction. The inner shoulder lug groove extends from a ground contact edge in a lateral direction, intersects with the circumferential narrow groove, and terminates in the inner shoulder land. The inner shoulder sipe extends from the inner shoulder main groove in the lateral direction, intersects with the circumferential narrow groove, and terminates in the inner shoulder land.

Abstract: Provided is a pneumatic tire including an indicator made of a protrusion portion or a recess portion extending in a tire circumferential direction is formed on a tire inner surface. A sound absorbing member or a sealant layer is applied to the tire inner surface along the indicator.

Abstract: A two-part curable adhesive composition includes a main agent (A) containing a urethane prepolymer (a1) and a remaining polyisocyanate (a2), and a curing agent (B) containing a non-crystalline polyol compound (b1) and a polyamine compound (b2). An equivalent ratio of an isocyanate group in a raw polyisocyanate to a hydroxyl group in a crystalline polyol compound constituting the urethane prepolymer (a1) is from 2.05 to 12. An NCO group/total active hydrogen group ratio is from 0.5 to 4. An isocyanate group/hydroxyl group ratio is from 2 to 12.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes first main grooves formed on outer sides, in the lateral direction, of a first land including an equatorial plane and extending in the circumferential direction; second main grooves outside, in the lateral direction, of the first main grooves and extending in the circumferential direction; auxiliary grooves formed on second lands between the first main grooves and the second main grooves, opening to the second main grooves, and terminating in the second lands; and first sipes inclined identically to the auxiliary grooves and crossing the second lands. The auxiliary grooves are formed into a shape bending at a bend point, and include a first portion extending from an opening end to the bend point, and a second portion extending from the bend point to a terminating end. A groove width of the first portion gradually reduces from the opening end to the bend point.

Abstract: A polyurethane foam is obtained by foaming a blend containing a polyol and a polyisocyanate. The polyol contains a polycarbonate diol that has a polyester structure and a polycarbonate diol obtained by developing a polymerization reaction using 1,5-pentanediol and 1,6-hexanediol. The polyurethane foam has a density from 0.1 to 0.4 g/cm3.

Abstract: A resin material, in which the elongation at break in an environmental condition at a predetermined temperature of 100° C. or higher and 150° C. or lower is 50% or more, a content of a plasticizer is 3 mass % or less with respect to the total mass of the resin material, a strength at break in the environmental condition at this predetermined temperature is 5 MPa or more, the elongation at break is 500% or less, and a 10% modulus is 3 MPa or less, is formed into a tubular form and used as an inner surface layer, an intermediate layer, and an outer surface layer of a hose, and components of an air conditioner are connected through the hose. Such resin material, and also a hose including the resin material, which are mainly used for an air conditioner installed in a vehicle, have improved durability in a high temperature environment.

Abstract: A tire includes a pair of shoulder main grooves and one or more center main grooves extending in a tire circumferential direction and four or more rows of land portions defined by the pair of shoulder main grooves and the one or more center main grooves. Each of the pair of shoulder main grooves includes a groove opening portion having a wave-like shape with an amplitude in a tire width direction. Each of the pair of shoulder main grooves includes a groove bottom portion having a zigzag shape with an amplitude in the tire width direction. The groove opening portion in each of the pair of shoulder main grooves has an amplitude A1_sh having a relationship A1_sh<A2_sh with respect to an amplitude A2_sh of the groove bottom portion.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes a tread development width TDW in a tread portion and a tire maximum width SW which satisfy 0.70?TDW/SW?0.75. A profile line forming an outer surface of a sidewall portion in a tire meridian cross-section includes at least three arcs having mutually different radii of curvature. In the profile line, a radius of curvature R1 of an arc from a first point to a second point, a radius of curvature R2 of an arc from the second point to a tire maximum width position, and a radius of curvature R3 of an arc forming a portion on an inner side in the tire radial direction from the tire maximum width position satisfy R1>R2>R3. A height SDH in the tire radial direction from a bead heel to the tire maximum width position and a tire cross-sectional height SH satisfy 0.47?SDH/SH?0.50.

Abstract: A tread pattern of a pneumatic tire includes three or more circumferential main grooves extending in a tire circumferential direction, a plurality of lug grooves provided in a land portion defined by two circumferential main grooves, and a sipe provided between adjacent lug grooves. The sipe is a composite sipe having a two-dimensional portion and a three-dimensional portion. Among open ends on both sides of the lug groove, an open end on an identical side to an end portion of the sipe at which the two-dimensional portion is provided is provided with a raised bottom portion.

Abstract: A tread portion of a pneumatic tire includes a pair of first main grooves extending in a tire circumferential direction formed at a position on either outer side in the tire lateral direction of a first land portion including a tire equatorial plane; a pair of second main grooves extending in the tire circumferential direction formed at a position outward from the first main grooves in the tire lateral direction; and first lug grooves formed in a second land portion between the first main grooves and the second main grooves, the first lug grooves opening to one of the first main grooves at one end and opening to one of the second main grooves at an other end. The first lug grooves have a groove width of 2 mm or greater and have the same inclination direction in the tire lateral direction with respect to the tire circumferential direction.

Abstract: A test sample of a vulcanized rubber material is placed under a preset placement condition in a fixing frame in a test tank having a predetermined ozone concentration, and detection data is acquired by detecting, over time, with a laser sensor disposed facing a surface of the test sample that has been placed in the test tank, a distance from the laser sensor to the surface of the test sample; and determining a change in a surface state of the test sample between a plurality of points in time by analyzing, with a computation device, the detection data that has been acquired. Such evaluation method and evaluation system for evaluating ozone deterioration of a vulcanized rubber material can accurately determine a change over time in ozone deterioration while reducing working man-hours.

Abstract: In a pneumatic tire, a tread portion includes a main groove extending in a circumferential direction, and land portions defined by the main groove. A center region is a region where a center land portion included in the land portions is closest to a tire equatorial plane. Shoulder regions are each a region between a position corresponding to 85% of a width of the belt layer in a lateral direction and an end portion of the belt layer in the lateral direction, and intermediate regions are each a region between the center region and a corresponding one of the shoulder regions. A relationship among a tire average thickness Gc in the center region, a tire average thickness Gsh in the shoulder regions, and a tire average thickness Gm in the intermediate regions is within a range of 1.05?(Gc/Gsh)?1.35 and satisfies Gc?Gm>Gsh.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes a center land portion, intermediate land portions, and shoulder land portions each with sipes arranged at intervals in a circumferential direction. Center land sipes have a widened portion with a wide groove width at one end. Shoulder land sipes extend from the outer side of a ground contact end in a lateral direction toward an outer main groove. The orientation of the center and shoulder land sipes with respect to the circumferential direction is opposite to the orientation of intermediate land sipes. Respective inclination angles ?CE, ?MD, ?SH of the center, intermediate and shoulder land sipes satisfy ?CE<?MD<?SH<90°, an end of the intermediate land sipe on the side of the inner main groove is between ends of the center land sipes, and at any position on the entire circumference at least one center or intermediate land sipe is present on a meridian.