Abstract: A turbidity sensor featuring a signal processor or processing module configured to: receive signaling containing information about light reflected off suspended matter in a liquid and sensed by a linear sensor array having rows and columns of optical elements; and determine corresponding signaling containing information about a concentration of turbidity of the liquid, based upon the signaling received.

Abstract: A fluorometer is provided for monitoring the quality of water, featuring an array of excitation sources, an array of multiple emission detectors and a signal processor. In the array of excitation sources, each excitation source provides respective excitation source optical signaling at a respective illuminating wavelength. The array of multiple emission detectors detects multiple emission wavelengths emitted from water containing information about multiple coexisting fluorescent species present in the water that emit optical radiation at at least two different wavelengths when illuminated by the respective illuminating wavelength provided from the array of excitation sources, and provide multiple emission detector signaling containing information about the multiple coexisting fluorescent species.

Abstract: A spatial gradient-based fluorometer featuring a signal processor or processing module configured to: receive signaling containing information about light reflected off fluorophores in a liquid and sensed by a linear sensor array having a length and rows and columns of optical elements; and determine corresponding signaling containing information about a fluorophore concentration of the liquid a fluorophore concentration of the liquid that depends on a spatial gradient of the light reflected and sensed along the length of the linear sensor array, based upon the signaling received.

Abstract: An optical sensor includes a detector having a printed circuit board (PCB) and an inductive loop. The printed circuit board (PCB) has a photodiode cathode pad with a photodiode. The inductive loop is arranged around at least part of the photodiode cathode pad, and configured to receive inductive loop inducing signaling, and provide inductive loop signaling around the at least part of the photodiode cathode pad to provide inductive on the PCB to reduce or substantially eliminate unwanted electrical interference in electrical photodiode signaling provided from the photodiode. The inductive loop includes a trace and at least one via. The trace has a route along a signal path from a transistor collector pin around an LED anode pad. The at least one via is placed between LED anode pads to route the trace on a top side of the PCB, and the trace is routed alongside, near and around the photodiode cathode pad back to the LED anode of the LED anode pad.

Abstract: An optical nitrate sensor features a signal processor or signal processing module configured to: receive signaling containing information about a measurement (M) of UV optical absorbance of nitrate dissolved in water of a UV light that is generated by a UV LED centered at 229 nm and that traverses a confined volume of the water within a prescribed region of a sensor body, and also about a reference sample (R) of a portion of the UV light not traversing the confined volume of the water; and determine corresponding signaling containing information about the concentration of nitrate dissolved in the water, based upon the signaling received.

Abstract: A system for determining a measurement of a discharge of a streamflow in open channel conditions using a velocity-area technique featuring a signal processor configured to receive ADCP measurement signaling containing information about ADCP measurements taken in conjunction with the streamflow, GPS signaling containing information about GPS readings in conjunction with ADCP measurements, and signaling containing information about a projection or virtual tag line using two (2) Global Position System (GPS) locations having start and end latitudes and longitudes at a measurement site in a hydrographic operation for a measurement of a discharge in open channel conditions, and an instantaneous GPS position for a station; and determine control signaling containing information to take the ADCP measurements and the GPS readings in conjunction with the ADCP measurements, as well as corresponding signaling containing information about the measurement of the discharge of the streamflow, based upon a respective distance

Abstract: An optical nitrate sensor features a signal processor or signal processing module configured to: receive signaling containing information about a concentration of nitrate dissolved in the water based upon a first UV optical absorbance of light centered at 229 nm, and also containing information about a dissolved organic matter (DOM) sensed in the water based upon a second UV optical absorbance of associated light centered in a range of 250 nm to 275 nm; and determine corresponding signaling containing information about a corrected concentration of nitrate dissolved in the water by compensating the concentration of nitrate for the DOM sensed in the water, based upon the signaling received.

Abstract: A sensor device for deploying in an environmental field having macroorganisms and for performing environmental monitoring, features a sensor body and an antifouling device or guard. The sensor body includes at least one instrument or sensor configured to sense to one or more environmental conditions in the environmental field and provide signaling containing information about the one or more environmental conditions sensed. The antifouling device or guard couples to the sensor body, covers part of the at least one instrument or sensor, and protects a covered part of the at least one instrument or sensor from the macroorganisms.

Abstract: A dual function fluorometer-absorbance sensor features an absorbance-based sensor configured to receive one part of an optical signal transmitted through a body of water of interest along an optical beam transmission path, and determine absorbance-based sensor signaling containing information about an absorbance of the optical signal by one or more absorbance species of interest present in the body of water; and a fluorescence-based sensor configured to receive another part of the optical signal transmitted through the body of water of interest along a corresponding optical beam transmission path that is perpendicular to the optical beam transmission path, and determine fluorescence-based sensor signaling containing information about a fluorescence transmitted by one or more fluorophore species of interest present in the body of water.

Abstract: Apparatus for taking a water depth measurement using a probe, featuring a signal processor configured to receive signaling containing information about a water depth measurement determined from a pressure sensed by a pressure sensor contained in a probe immersed in flowing water, and also containing information about a velocity-dependent offset that is determined and depends on the velocity of the flowing water; and determining corresponding signaling containing information about a corrected water depth measurement of the flowing water by correcting the water depth measurement by the velocity-dependent offset in order to compensate for Venturi effects on the pressure sensor in the moving water.