Abstract: The system contains measurement elements (MK) associated with the workstations, and means (PC) for evaluating the signals supplied by the measurement elements (MK), characteristic parameters being obtained during the evaluation for the individual workstations and analyzed for significant deviations from the corresponding desired values. The desired values are formed from the behavior of a statistically comparable collective. At the beginning of each monitoring operation generalized start values are used for the individual desired values, which are converted during the course of the monitoring into more accurate, absolute values. These are updated continuously and form the core data for an automatic inference process. Consequently, the method of functioning of the system, which can be employed in particular in winding rooms for monitoring automatic spoolers, is automatic and objective, and the evaluation of the measurement results becomes independent of the interpretation of the operating personnel.

Abstract: A sliver measuring device includes a pair of rollers (6, 7) which limit two sides of a rectangular measuring space (3). A third side of the measuring space (3) is closed off by a guide roller (8) or by a guide plate. A measuring element (5) for the thickness or non-uniformity of the sliver is arranged on a fourth side of the measuring space. The rollers (6, 7) serve to compact the sliver in the measuring space. The measuring element (5) is formed by a leaf spring provided with strain gauges. Since the sliver is actively driven at the measuring point, this leads to an increase in the compaction of the sliver and thus to an increase in the measuring accuracy dependent upon the compaction. On the other hand, the inertia of the measuring element is very low.

Abstract: A yarn is wound onto a generally conical yarn package using a cam cylinder to traverse the yarn back and forth between the ends of the package. A first sensor is used to determine the rotational position of an element which is rotating synchronously with the package. The position of the yarn lengthwise of the package is determined using a second sensor. A correction factor is obtained for determining an instantaneous yarn feeding speed from an average yarn speed value obtained from the peripheral speed of the rotating element. The improved yarn speed determination enables on-line spectrograms to be provided on yarns handled in these machines. Also, there is considerably greater accuracy when measuring lengths of yarn defects.

Abstract: The device contains a measuring gap, which is provided for the passage of the test material, the measuring gap having two side walls each of which is provided with a measuring electrode forming part of a capacitive measuring element. An optical measuring element having a light source arranged on one side of the measuring gap and having a photoelectric element is provided in addition to the capacitive measuring element, and both measuring elements form part of a common measuring head. The fluctuations in accuracy of previous measuring heads having only one measuring element are thereby reduced and automatic checking of the measuring head output can be preformed. In addition, parameters which could not be determined with previous measuring heads can be measured and monitored in accordance with the present invention.

Abstract: Yarn tensile textile apparatus contains drawing-off means (11) for continuously drawing-off the test material (G) from a supply, two roller pairs (W, W') at a distance from one another for elongating the test material (G), and a store (12) arranged between the drawing-off means (11) and the first roller pair (W). Each roller pair (W, W') contains a transport roller and a pressing roller (4, 5; 4', 5') arranged so that a periodically opening and closing clamping gap for the test material (G) is formed between the rollers of each roller pair. Each transport roller (4, 4') includes a first circumferential part for bearing against its pressing roller (5, 5') and a second circumferential part at a distance from its pressing roller (5, 5'). The apparatus permits tensile testing according to the principle of constant rate of deformation, and the apparatus is insensitive to soiling and can be used for testing a variety of test materials.

Abstract: A test body is illuminated by at least one light source obliquely to its direction of travel, and the reflected light is imaged onto a diaphragm and fed to a photoelectric receiver. Its signal is investigated, in an evaluating unit, for periodicties which are caused by irregularities included in the test body as a result of the twist and the wavelength of which represents a measure of the twist. A rapid and precise measurement of the twist of yarns is made possible thereby.

Abstract: Apparatus for automatically determining the count of textile yarns containing a device for taking off definite lengths of a test sample from a supply, scales (19), and an evaluation unit. Means (20) are provided in the path of the test sample upstream of the scales for forming the length of yarn in each test sample into a ball-like bundle (K) for weighing. The ball-like bundle ensures that parts of the test sample do not hang over the edge of the scale pan (23) or become entangled somewhat so as to distort the determination of the weight. The ball-like bundle may be blown from the scale pan simply and safely after a weighing operation by an air jet. The high processing capacity the apparatus permits it to be interfaced with other test apparatus without any problem.

Abstract: Successive groups of thread paths in multi-spindle textile apparatus are equipped with individual monitoring systems. In each system, a joint monitoring element (S,E,L) is provided which has a bundle of rays (L). The latter is moved transversely to the thread running direction, passes thereby over the production points (1-8) arranged in rows and is interrupted or attenuated at each production point by the respective thread. The shading of the bundle of rays caused thereby is assessed as criterion for the presence of the thread concerned.The process makes possible an on-line production and quality monitoring on multi-spindle textile machines, for example ring spinning frames, with a reasonable expenditure.

Abstract: A transmitter with controlled switches for use in a process for the generation of transmission current signals in an alternating current distribution network is connected to the supply network. When operated, this transmitter generates a series of current impulses. The moments in time of the generation of these current impulses and/or their duration are so chosen that the resulting transmission signal corresponds at least approximately to a desired theoretical signal. The transmitter contains at least two energy storages or energy storage devices and at least two switches for controlling the energy exchange between the two storages. These switches are so controlled that the exchange current flows through the mains, whereby the aforesaid current pulses are generated.It is thereby possible to use substantially only loss-free elements for the transmitter.

Abstract: A common monitoring system with a light beam is provided for a group of two or more production units arranged in a row. The beam passes through the thread balloon formed by the moving thread of each of these production units and is intermittently interrupted or attenuated by the moving thread in each balloon. The resulting shading is converted into an electric signal in a receiver of the monitoring system.The threads of the individual production units can be identified by evaluating the relationships of amplitude, time and phase between the individual shading impulses.The process enables on-line production and quality control to be carried out on multi-spindle textile machines such as ring spinning machines at an acceptable cost.

Abstract: The circuit contains a separate firing and extinguishing circuit, each having a respective capacitive charge store for generating the firing and the extinguishing current pulses for a GTO thyristor. A fast switching element which can be directly activated via a push-pull stage is provided which, when activated, discharges a respective charge store via the gate-cathode path of the GTO thyristor. As a result, the GTO thyristor can be operated at a high cycle frequency of up to at least 12,000 Hz and can be used in audio frequency transmitters for ripple control systems.

Abstract: The apparatus contains a feed device for the material to be tested, which feed device is formed by a pair of transport rollers (16). Both transport rollers are positively connected to a motor drive. Perfect forward feed of the material is thereby ensured under all conditions and careful treatment of the test material is also ensured, a factor which is particularly advantageous if further measurements are to be carried out on the test material after it has passed through the feed device.As the test material passes through the transport rollers, a traverse motion along the axes of the transport rollers (16) takes place between said rollers and the material to be tested. This ensures very uniform wear on the transport rollers, which in turn ensures smooth forward movement of the material in all circumstances. It also ensures that the path of movement of the thread does not vary during the measuring process.

Abstract: A distance measuring apparatus based on a time-of-flight measurement of a light pulse is provided. The apparatus includes a light pulse transmitter having a diode laser and a light pulse receiver having a photodiode. Connected to the photodiode is a pulse amplifier and a pulse detector. The pulse detector includes a delay line connected to the pulse amplifier and having a short-circuited end, a threshold valve and zero crossing detector connected to the delay line at a predetermined distance from its short-circuited end, and a timer circuit. The delay line conducts an electrical pulse from the pulse amplifier to its short-circuited end where the pulse is reflected and inverted. The threshold value and zero crossing detector determines when a combination of the electrical pulse and its inverted copy crosses a threshold value and a zero value.

Abstract: The apparatus contains a measuring comb for the material to be tested. The plate like projections of the comb define measuring gaps of different widths through which the material passes to be tested for determining characteristic magnitudes associated with that material. The measuring comb is adjustable transversely to the direction of movement of the test sample and each measuring gap is adjustable to a nominal position. Consequently, the test sample passes through each measuring gap under the same geometrical conditions and is not subjected to deflections which vary from one measuring gap to another. A device for temporarily removing the test sample from the measuring gap, and subsequently guiding it back into the gap, is arranged in the region of the measuring comb so that the zero setting of the apparatus may be adjusted.

Abstract: The converter contains a number of electronic elements (3, 5, 7, 8, 9) and cooling elements (2), which are all mounted on a common holding plate (1) designed as a holding component. The holding plate (1) comprises the necessary electrical connections (10, 11, 14) and can be connected via plugs (10, 11, 14) to a base plate mounted in the corresponding device.Owing to this modular structure, the converter can easily be adapted to varying types of power without the need for structural modifications. The converter is economic to produce and to test and is also extremely convenient to use and to maintain.Also disclosed is ripple control transmitter apparatus in which such converters are used for frequency changing and are arranged for convenient use and good cooling.

Abstract: A method of cleaning yarns and evaluating yarn defects by means of digital technology is based on the fact that the physiological perception arising from observation of yarn defects, both as to cross section as well as in length, is approximately proportional to the logarithm of the physical expansion of such yarn defects, and also of the fact that yarn defects are statistically rare events. Signals corresponding to the yarn cross section or diameter are converted to and processed in the logarithmic scale. For purpose of analysis of these converted signals, a tolerance range and a system of tolerance zones arranged in both the transverse dimension and the longitudinal dimension is defined about the yarn. Different analysis criteria are applicable for those zones, and only those signals are analyzed which have directly exceeded or fallen short of at least one of the zone limits, with the result that the need for signal processing capacity is reduced.

Abstract: A thread gripper comprising at least two frictionally coacting clamping surfaces for engaging and holding threads at a textile machine, such as a warp-tying machine and the like, wherein the thread gripper performs predetermined movements. Means serve to alter the intensity of the frictional force applied by the clamping surfaces in a predetermined manner as a function of the path through which the thread gripper moves.

Abstract: A method of, and apparatus for, measuring the moisture content of flat textile structures, especially textile webs, wherein the test material is guided over at least one grounded ground-electrode and at least one further electrode is applied to the test material at the side opposite such ground-electrode. The surface of the further electrode is divided into positive, grounded and negative regions.

Abstract: A method of, and apparatus for, measuring the moisture content or dampness of flat structures, especially textile webs, wherein the flat structure has electrical charges withdrawn therefrom prior to initiating the measuring operation.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell for measuring the gas content in a solution, said electrochemical cell having a potentiometric ion sensitive electrode and a reference electrode, said electrodes being in electrochemical contact through an electrolyte solution, said electrolyte solution forming a thin, continuous, stabilized, stationary layer covering the surface of said ion sensitive electrode so that said thin electrolyte layer is in direct physical contact with a gaseous phase.