Abstract: An endoscope includes, in an insertion section, a bending tube covered with a first skin, a flexible tube covered with a second skin, a thread wound around a joining section of the first skin and the second skin, first resin covering the thread and having a modulus of elasticity of 0.5 GPa or more and 5 GPa or less, and second resin covering the first resin, extended from both ends of the first resin respectively to ranges of 100 ?m or more, and having a modulus of elasticity of 0.3 MPa or more and 100 MPa or less.

Abstract: A diagnosis support system includes a processor. The processor is connected to a plurality of classifiers that are different in performance. The processor displays performance information of each of the classifiers side by side, receives a user's selection of the performance information displayed side by side, and inputs an input image to the classifier associated with the performance information selected by the user.

Abstract: A method for operating a reconditioning apparatus for cleaning and disinfecting a medical instrument(s), the medical instrument having an internal channel(s). The method including: receiving the medical instrument(s) in a reconditioning chamber; connecting the internal channel(s) to a fluid connection of fluid connections in the reconditioning chamber; flushing the internal channel(s) with a reconditioning fluid; detecting an identifying feature of medical instrument(s) indicating a type of the medical instrument(s); comparing the detected type with data sets stored in a database and, of the fluid connections, provide an allocation of a fluid connection connected to the internal channel(s) on a basis of the identified type; and subsequent to the flushing, actuating a compressed air source to apply compressed air to the allocated fluid connection such that reconditioning fluid present in the at least one internal channel is blown out of the channel.

Abstract: An ultrasound endoscope includes: an insertion portion to be inserted into a subject; an ultrasound transducer that is provided at a distal end of the insertion portion and includes plural piezoelectric element groups configured to transmit and receive ultrasound; a connector portion that is provided on a proximal end side of the insertion portion and includes plural connectors to which an external device is connected; and a cable portion including plural first coaxial lines connected to the piezoelectric element groups configured to transmit the ultrasound to a first area, and plural second coaxial lines connected to the piezoelectric element groups configured to transmit the ultrasound to a second area, the first coaxial lines being shorter in length than the second coaxial lines, the first area and the second area being where the ultrasound is transmitted.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a flexible tube for endoscope includes a step of extending a core material obtained by covering an outer circumference of a bar-like resin member with a first mesh tube in a major axis direction and winding a spiral tube around an outer circumference of the core material, a step of covering an outer circumference of the spiral tube with a second mesh tube, a step of molding an outer skin of a resin around an outer circumference of the second mesh tube and causing the resin to penetrate to a surface of the spiral tube, and a step of removing only the core material from a stacked tubular member formed by the core material, the spiral tube and the second mesh tube.

Abstract: An endoscopic system includes a processor. The processor generates from a measured value of pressure in a lumen of a subject a first temporal change image of the pressure in the lumen, generates an observation image for observing an opened/closed state of a valve portion in the lumen of the subject in real time from an image pickup signal obtained by picking up an image of the opened/closed state of the valve portion in the lumen in real time using an endoscope, and generates a superposition image by superposing the first temporal change image and the observation image in a temporally synchronized manner.

Abstract: An electronic module includes: an integrated circuit including a first mounting surface; a solid wiring board including a second mounting surface and a third mounting surface within a horizontally projected area corresponding to the integrated circuit; both the second and third mounting surfaces face the first mounting surface of the integrated circuit and disposed at positions with different distances to the first mounting surface. An electrode surface of an electronic component mounted in a space formed between the first and the third mounting surfaces, and an electrode surface of the second mounting surface are arranged substantially parallel to a surface of the integrated circuit on which electrodes are aligned. The electrode on the second mounting surface and the electrodes of the integrated circuit are electrically connected to each other. The electrode of the electronic component is electrically connected to the electronic component and the electrodes of the integrated circuit.

Abstract: An endoscope includes in order from an object side, an objective optical system, an optical-path splitter, an image sensor, and an image processor. A ?/4 wavelength plate is disposed between the objective optical system and the splitter. The splitter includes first and second prisms, and has a beam splitting surface at which the first prism and the second prism are brought into close contact. The splitter splits light at the beam splitting surface, into a first optical path through which P-polarized light is transmitted and a second optical path through which S-polarized light is reflected. The first and second prisms are slid relative to one another along the beam splitting surface to adjust optical path lengths of the first and second optical paths, and are disposed at positions to cancel an amount of shift in focusing positions of extraordinary and ordinary light, and satisfy specific conditional expressions.

Abstract: An acoustic lens contains a base material composed of a diorganopolysiloxane or a silicone rubber compound utilizing a diorganopolysiloxane as a main component, and plate-like inorganic compound particles dispersed in the base material.

Abstract: An external mechanism for endoscope includes a bending wheel, a motor, a housing case, a case detachably fixing member, and a mounting restricting member obstructing mounting of a housing case on a sub operation section by interfering with a second bending upward and downward fixing lever in a state where the second bending upward and downward fixing lever is at a position other than a release position.

Abstract: An optical module for endoscope includes a light emitting element, an optical fiber, a ferrule to which the light emitting element is bonded, a wiring board to which the ferrule is bonded, and a resin disposed between the ferrule and the wiring board, wherein the ferrule has a first principal surface made of a transparent material, a second principal surface, and a side surface, the second principal surface has an opening of an insertion hole, the second principal surface has an opening of a groove communicating with the insertion hole, the side surface has an opening of the groove, and a first distance between the opening of the groove on the side surface and the first principal surface is greater than a second distance between the bottom surface of the insertion hole and the first principal surface.

Abstract: A suture method includes a first arrangement step of using a first treatment device including first/second grasping pieces to hook the first grasping piece to a first position of peripheral tissues of a lesion; a second arrangement step of hooking the second grasping piece to a second position of the peripheral tissues; a grasping step of grasping the first position and the second position while pressing the first position and the second position to the peripheral tissues; a retracting step of retracting the lesion site toward a proximal end side of the first treatment device while drawing the first position and the second position grasped by the first treatment device; and a suturing step of suturing a first suturing position at an external side of the first position and a second suturing position at an external side of the second position in the peripheral tissues.

Abstract: An endoscope processor includes a processor that can be connected to an endoscope including a moving mechanism of a focusing lens included in an objective optical system and an image pickup apparatus. The processor is configured to determine whether or not a transition has been made from a screening state to a proximity state based on positional information of the focusing lens and an image in a proximity determination mode when a variation in an image height in an effective image range with control of the moving mechanism is 1% or less, and when it is determined that a transition has been made to the proximity state, the processor is configured to end the proximity determination mode and control the moving mechanism in an autofocus mode.

Abstract: An electronic module includes a first structure including a flat mounting surface on which an integrated circuit is mounted and a wiring surface including a surface including a portion that changes in a direction perpendicular to the mounting surface, a wire connected to the integrated circuit being extended on the wiring surface, a second structure disposed with a dielectric region interposed with respect to the wiring surface of the first structure, a metal pattern being provided on the second structure, and at least one spacer member that equalizes thickness of the dielectric region between the wire and the metal pattern in an entire range between the mounting surface and the wiring surface including the surface including the portion that changes in the direction perpendicular to the mounting surface.

Abstract: An endoscope according to an embodiment includes an elongated insertion section including a bending section configured to bend in at least an up-down direction by internally-disposed two or more wires being towed, an operation section including a grasping section, the operation section, a bending operation unit including a joystick for bending the bending section and provided in the operation section, two actuators respectively including turning shafts, the two turning shafts being internally disposed in the grasping section in a longitudinal direction of the grasping section, the two actuators being disposed side by side along a plane parallel to an operation direction of an operation member for bending the bending section in the up-down direction, and a conversion mechanism including a rotation torque transmission mechanism and a tensile force transmission mechanism, the conversion mechanism converting the rotation torque into the tensile force.

Abstract: A laser light irradiation system that irradiates a stone in a body with laser light to cause the stone to be dust, the laser light irradiation system including a laser fiber that emits the laser light, and a processor configured to control a frequency of the laser light emitted from the laser fiber, wherein the processor is configured to switch between first laser light of a first frequency and second laser light of a second frequency such that the second laser light is emitted at least before or after an emission timing of the first laser light, the first laser light generating a water flow that pulls the stone toward the laser fiber, the second laser light generating a water flow that stirs the stone.

Abstract: A light treatment system includes: a probe configured to be inserted into a bladder, the probe including an optical fiber configured to propagate light, and a light emitter that is provided at a distal end of the optical fiber, the light emitter being configured to emit the light; and a balloon catheter into which the probe is inserted, the balloon catheter being configured to be inserted into the bladder, the balloon catheter including a distal end portion that is to be dilated in the bladder, a wall configured to divide inside of the distal end portion into two regions, and a reflector configured to reflect the light emitted by the light emitter, the reflector being provided on a surface of the wall, the surface facing a region of the two regions, the region being where the light emitter is positioned.

Abstract: An endoscope button for an endoscope including a cylinder communicating with tubes includes: a first unit and a second unit that are attachable and detachable with respect to a fitting part fixed to the cylinder, and that are separable from each other in a state being removed from the fitting part. The first unit has a cylindrical shape, and includes a cylindrical member that is attachable and detachable with respect to the fitting part. The second unit includes: a fixing member that is inserted inside the cylindrical member in a state in which the endoscope button is attached to the fitting part, and is fixed to the cylindrical member; and a first movable member that is installed movably with respect to the fixing member, and that is movable back and forth inside the cylinder in the state in which the endoscope button is attached to the fitting part.

Abstract: An insertion system having a processor including hardware, configured to: determine, for each of a plurality of times, one or more positions of an insertion section configured to be inserted into an insertion subject; determine, for the each of the plurality of times, state of the insertion section relative to the insertion subject based on the one or more positions for the each of the plurality of times; determine, for the each of the plurality of times, whether an attention state of the insertion section that restricts insertion of the insertion section into the insertion subject has occurred, based on the state of the insertion section relative to the insertion subject determined; and control a monitor to display attention state information indicating the one or more positions of the insertion section at which the occurrence of the attention state of the insertion section is determined over the plurality of times.

Abstract: Each of segments of a vibration transmitting member has a dimension of a half-wave length between mutually neighboring vibration anti-nodes and sets a vibration node as a center. In each of recess segments included in the segments, the vibration node is located in a groove, and an intermediate extension extends from a proximal end to a distal end in the groove in a longitudinal direction. At least two of the recess segments are different from each other with respect to at least one of a dimension in the longitudinal direction of the intermediate extension and a cross-sectional area perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the intermediate extension.

Abstract: A vibration transmitter can include a straight portion, a curved portion, a first curved surface provided on an external surface of the curved portion, a second curved surface facing a side opposite to the first curved surface and a first portion provided on the first curved surface. The first portion can extend towards a side opposite to the side toward which the curved portion is curved and a distance between the first portion and an imaginary curved surface can increase from the proximal side toward the distal side, and the imaginary curved surface being parallel with the second curved surface.

Abstract: A dilator, dilating a narrowed part of a paranasal sinus, includes an end effector, and the end effector includes a pair of treatment pieces openable and closable relative to each other. Each of the treatment pieces includes a treatment surface facing a side on which the treatment piece opens, and each of the treatment surfaces includes an inclined surface inclined to be closer to a side on which the treatment piece closes as a distance to a distal end of the treatment piece decreases. The pair of inclined surfaces become parallel or substantially parallel to each other when the treatment pieces are opened to a maximum angle. The end effector opens anisotropically.

Abstract: The disclosed technology is directed to a treatment instrument having a vibration generating device and a handle for operation. The vibration generating device comprises a housing and a generator including a transducer disposed within the housing. The transducer generates vibration by using electric energy and a first electric contact disposed on the housing. A connector is rotatable about a predetermined rotational axis with respect to the housing of the generator. A coupler is disposed in the connector and having a second electric contact rotatable about the predetermined rotational axis with respect to the first electric contact in a state in which an electric connection of the second electric contact to the first electric contact is maintained. The connector further includes a conductive member forming a part of an electric path of a current that flows based on an operating input at an operating member provided on the handle.

Abstract: The ultrasonic transducer has a cylindrical shape having a first end surface and a second end surface, and includes a piezoelectric material that generates ultrasonic vibration for treating biological tissue with ultrasonic energy, a first electrode that is disposed in contact with the first end surface and to which an ultrasonic driving voltage is applied for generating ultrasonic vibration to the piezoelectric material, a second electrode that is disposed in contact with the second end surface and to which a reference voltage is applied for generating ultrasonic vibration to the piezoelectric material, an insulating plate that opposes the second end surface with the second electrode interposed therebetween, a third electrode that opposes the second electrode with the insulating plate and to which high-frequency power for treating biological tissue is supplied with high-frequency energy, and a short-circuit prevention unit that prevents short-circuiting between the first and third electrodes.

Abstract: Treatment tool includes a fixed handle, a shaft extending distally from the fixed handle, a treatment portion projecting distally from the shaft and configured to treat biological tissue, a jaw pivotably rotatably with respect to the shaft and, with the treatment portion, configured to grasp the biological tissue therebetween, a movable handle extending proximally from the jaw and causing the jaw to open and close relative to the treatment portion by proximally approaching or separating from the fixed handle, and a first adjusting member provided on the movable handle and having an extension protruding toward the fixed handle and, when the movable handle is brought into close proximity to the fixed handle, abutting the fixed handle. Changing the amount (length) by which the extension of the first adjusting member protrudes from the movable handle, adjusts an amount of the stroke of the movable range of the movable handle.

Abstract: An ultrasound signal processing apparatus includes: a receiver configured to receive a positive phase ultrasound reception signal and a negative phase ultrasound reception signal; and a processor including hardware, the processor being configured to perform phasing addition on each of the positive phase ultrasound reception signal and the negative phase ultrasound reception signal, and adding the positive phase ultrasound reception signal subjected to the phasing addition and the negative phase ultrasound reception signal subjected to the phasing addition with shifting of a predetermined period of time.

Abstract: An insertion apparatus includes: a tube in which a water feeding communication hole opens on an outer peripheral surface of the tube; a tube connector in which a water feeding branch conduit which allows an inner surface of a tube insertion hole to communicate with an outside is formed, and a second stopper portion which protrudes toward the inside of the tube insertion hole is formed; an O ring which is positioned by contacting with the second stopper portion; a spacer which is positioned by contacting with the O ring, and in which a communication hole which allows an inner surface side and an outer surface side of a wall portion to communicate with each other is formed; and an O ring which is positioned by contacting with the spacer.

Abstract: This adhesion prevention film for medical devices is a single-layer or multilayer adhesion prevention film that is formed on the surface of a medical device. This adhesion prevention film for medical devices comprises an outermost layer that contains a plurality of conductive particles and a resin having a continuously usable temperature of 200° C. or higher. The surface of the outermost layer is provided with recesses and projections by having parts of the plurality of conductive particles exposed from the resin.

Abstract: A medical apparatus includes a first jaw; a second jaw that opens and closes with the first jaw; a shaft to which the second jaw is pivotably attached; and a sliding member provided between the second jaw and the shaft, abutted to each of the second jaw and the shaft, and configured to be slidable with respect to at least one of the second jaw or the shaft.

Abstract: A variable stiffness device includes a first elongated member in a hollow shape extending along a longitudinal axis, and a second elongated member including a heater, disposed inside an inner circumference of the first elongated member, and extending in parallel to the first elongated member along the longitudinal axis. The first elongated member includes a high bending stiffness portion and a low bending stiffness portion alternately aligned along the longitudinal axis. One of the first elongated member and the second elongated member includes a shape-memory pipe. The heater extends through an inner space of the shape-memory pipe and configured to heat the shape-memory pipe to increase stiffness of the shape-memory pipe.

Abstract: A video endoscope including: an elongated shaft having an inner shaft tube and an outer shaft tube; and an electrical connecting element extending in a longitudinal direction of the shaft between the inner shaft tube and the outer shaft tube. Wherein the electrical connecting element is configured as a flexible printed circuit board with at least one conducting path which is routed substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the shaft, and the electrical connecting element is routed at an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the shaft at at least one location of the shaft.

Abstract: An image pickup system includes an image pickup device including an image pickup section, a first amplifier circuit capable of amplifying a video signal for each field, and a communication circuit configured to acquire a set gain of the first amplifier circuit, a second amplifier circuit configured to amplify the video signal outputted from the image pickup device, and a processor. According to a result of a detection indicating that the video signal is not amplified by the set gain in the first amplifier circuit, a correction gain to be set in the second amplifier circuit is calculated.

Abstract: An electrosurgical generator for generating a high-frequency AC voltage for an electrosurgical instrument, having a high-voltage inverter that generates and outputs a high-frequency AC voltage. A filter having a parallel capacitor is on an output line. A measuring sensor circuit having a current divider, which has a capacitive coupling to a series-connected shunt as bypass with respect to the parallel capacitor, and having a voltage detection circuit connected to the shunt. The shunt has a considerably lower impedance than the capacitive coupling. This gives rise to a proportional ratio between the current flowing through the parallel capacitor on the output line of the electrosurgical generator and the current through the shunt. This current is converted into a voltage, which is detected. The current at the output of the inverter is determined quickly and accurately thanks to the proportional relationship. This may be used for feedback and improved monitoring and regulation.

Abstract: An electrosurgical generator for an electrosurgical instrument includes DC voltage supply and high-voltage inverter that generates high-frequency AC voltage having variable voltage and frequency. Inverter is multilevel inverter controlled by reference signal and having at least two groups of series-connected inverter cells, wherein each group is supplied with different DC voltage and wherein the voltages output by the two groups are summed to be output at output. Group supplied with higher voltage enables fast and large voltage changes with its inverter cells, while inverter cells of other group supplied with lower voltage allow fine setting with high change speed. Dynamic range is improved both from temporal viewpoint and in terms of increased voltage span. The number of HVC cells to be switched may furthermore be varied by way of modulator, wherein further number of LVC cells are switched in an opposing manner for compensation purposes. Switching losses may be reduced.

Abstract: A method including: upon or during the insertion of an endoscope shaft into a trocar sleeve, detecting first brightness values at a distal end of the endoscope shaft by an image sensor over time and detecting a first temporal brightness profile depending on the detected first brightness values and the time, and/or upon or during the withdrawal of the endoscope shaft from the trocar sleeve, detecting second brightness values at the distal end of the endoscope shaft by the image sensor over time and detecting a second temporal brightness profile depending on the detected second brightness values and the time.

Abstract: An electrosurgical generator for an electrosurgical instrument includes a DC voltage supply and a high-voltage inverter that generates a high-frequency AC voltage having a variable voltage and frequency that is output at an output for the connection of the electrosurgical instrument. The inverter is configured as a multilevel inverter and includes a plurality of inverter cells connected in a cascaded manner that are driven by a control device. Thanks to the cascading, switching losses incurred in the power semiconductors are reduced, both in terms of value (through the divided and thus lower voltage) and in terms of frequency (through the reduced switching frequency).

Abstract: An optical connecting device for a surgical instrument including a coupling for connecting first and second optical fiber bundles. The coupling including: a tubular sleeve having an outer surface defining an internal space for receiving an end of the first optical fiber bundle in the internal space of the tubular sleeve; a clamp movably disposed on the outer surface of the tubular sleeve, the clamp having one or more of a first convexity and a first concavity; and a union having one or more of a second convexity and a second concavity. The clamp has a continuous longitudinal opening along its longitudinal extension and on its outer side such that the clamp can be elastically deformed in a radial direction, and the clamp is configured to elastically deform such that one or more of the first convexity and the first concavity engages with one or more of the second convexity and the second concavity of the union.

Abstract: An imaging system, comprising a shooting operation interface that operates to form an image of a subject, and a processor that has a bio-information acquisition section and a stress determination section, wherein the bio-information acquisition section acquires bio-information of an operator when, during shooting awaiting action where an instant for acquiring still images is awaited, the shooting operation interface is operated, and the stress determination section determines stress conditions that shooting actions place on the operator based on the bio-information that has been acquired using the bio-information acquisition section.

Abstract: A medical instrument includes a housing, a movable handle, and a spring. The movable handle is configured to move between a first position as an opened position and a second position as a closed position with respect to the housing. The spring is provided between the housing and the movable handle. The spring is configured to apply a biasing force to the housing or the movable handle. The spring is provided to alleviate an increase in the biasing force generated in the spring in response to the movable handle moving from the first position to the second position.

Abstract: An endoscope apparatus includes a compression processing control unit configured to carry out a compression processing of compressing image data by using a compression parameter to generate compressed data, a monitor that is a display unit configured to display a display image corresponding to the image data, an information quantity detection unit configured to detect a quantity of information on an object contained in the image data, and a judgement unit configured to carry out a judgement processing of judging whether or not a judgement value corresponding to the quantity of information is smaller than a predetermined threshold. The image pickup of the object and the generation of the image data are continuously performed multiple times, and the judgement processing is carried out whenever the image data is generated. The compression parameter and the display image are determined based on a result of the judgement processing.

Abstract: A radial type ultrasound transducer is arranged in an ultrasound endoscope including a bending portion on a distal end side of an insertion portion. The ultrasound transducer includes: a plurality of piezoelectric elements arranged at predetermined intervals in a circumferential manner and configured to transmit and receive ultrasound waves; a plurality of electrodes arranged in the respective piezoelectric elements; and a flexible printed circuit electrically connected to each of the electrodes. The flexible printed circuit includes a plurality of wires that extend such that at least parts of the wires cross a direction perpendicular to an arrangement direction of the piezoelectric elements, and the plurality of wires are electrically connected to the respective electrodes of the piezoelectric elements at positions where at least parts of the wires cross the direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the piezoelectric elements.

Abstract: An endoscope apparatus having: an insertion portion extending along a longitudinal axis; a roller driven by a drive force to rotate around the longitudinal axis; and a cover member covering the roller, wherein the cover member has: a base layer having: an outer surface direction side; and an inner surface direction side arranged to contact the roller, wherein portions of the base layer covering the roller as the roller rotates around the longitudinal axis of the insertion portion elastically elongate in an outer surface direction of the insertion portion, and wherein the base layer has a secondary material being a first color at a first temperature range and a second color at a second temperature range; and an external coating layer formed on at least one of the outer surface direction side and the inner surface direction side of the base layer.

Abstract: A treatment system comprises a power supply device and a treatment tool configured to communicate electrically with the power supply device so as to perform an operation on a treatment target. The treatment tool includes a sheath and an end effector configured to detachably attach to the sheath and being capable of bending with respect to the sheath. The end effector includes an electric element used to apply a treatment energy to the treatment target using an electric energy. The power supply device includes a processor. The processor sets to increase an output of the electric energy to be supplied to the electric element at in a second state. The sheath and the end effector are bent at a predetermined angle with respect to one another, compared with a first state where the sheath and the end effector are disposed straight in line with one another.

Abstract: An endoscope system includes an endoscope including an insertion portion including a bending portion, a grasping portion arranged at a proximal end portion of the insertion portion, and an electric actuator configured to bend the bending portion, and an operation unit including an operation member configured to operate the electric actuator and a transmission member configured to wirelessly transmit operation information of the operation member to the electric actuator.

Abstract: There is provided an objective optical system, an image pickup apparatus, and an endoscope that are short in overall length and simple in structure and have a focusing function. The objective optical system includes, in order from the object side to the image side, a positive front lens group and a positive rear lens group. Focusing is performed by moving the front lens group along the optical axis. The front lens group includes, in order from the object side, a negative first lens, a positive second lens, an aperture stop, and a positive third lens, as lenses having refractive power. The rear lens group includes, in order from the object side, a positive cemented fourth lens and a positive fifth lens having a convex surface facing toward the object. The objective optical system satisfies the following conditional expression (1): 0.35<FL/Ff<0.85??(1).

Abstract: A medical device and a method of operating a medical device, wherein the device includes a medical function assembly, a control assembly, a user interface, and a user information element, configured to display information about a type of the medical device, wherein the control assembly includes a memory element in which different operating parameters for the medical function assembly are storable and wherein the control assembly is configured to control the medical function assembly to perform different medical functions as a function of operating parameters stored in the memory element, wherein the control assembly is further configured to control the user information element to display information about the operating parameters stored in the memory element. The medical device wherein the user information element is configured to continue to reproduce the information after being controlled once by the control assembly, independent of continued control by the control assembly.

Abstract: Treatment instrument includes a housing having a fixed handle to be grasped by a user, an end effector for grasping biological tissue by opening and closing, a movable handle which is rotatable with respect to the housing and moves in a direction toward or away from the fixed handle by rotating with respect to the housing, an opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the end effector according to the rotation of the movable handle, a first fulcrum serving as a first rotation shaft for rotating the movable handle, a first slot through which the first fulcrum is inserted, a second fulcrum provided at a position different from the first fulcrum and serving as a second rotation shaft for rotating the movable handle, and a second slot through which the second fulcrum is inserted.

Abstract: An endoscope includes an insertion portion including a bending portion, an operation portion including an operation lever, a grasping portion including an actuator, and a tube body, in a continuous manner. When the operation lever is tilted, the actuator pulls a wire, whereby the bending portion is bent in a vertical direction and a lateral direction. The actuator is arranged such that a center of gravity of a portion including the insertion portion, the operation portion, the grasping portion, and the tube body is within a range in which at least one of the fourth finger or the fifth finger of the hand grasping the grasping portion is positioned, in a longitudinal direction of the grasping portion.

Abstract: A two-color molding die includes: a fixed primary die; a fixed secondary die; and a movable die. The fixed primary die includes a first concave portion. The movable die includes a second concave portion facing the first concave portion, and a core pin that protrudes from a base end surface of the second concave portion toward a base end surface of the first concave portion to form a tubular primary molding cavity between the core pin and the first concave portion and the second concave portion. The fixed secondary die includes a third concave portion configured to form a concave secondary molding cavity.

Abstract: An ultrasonic transmitter unit includes: a sheath that forms a cylindrical shape and is having a proximal end and a distal end; an ultrasonic transmitter configured to be inserted into the sheath; and a cover member that covers a part of the ultrasonic transmitter and has an inner surface and an outer surface. The ultrasonic transmitter includes: a first area surrounded by the sheath; a second area protruding from the distal end of the sheath; and a distal-end treatment portion provided in a distal end of the second area. The cover member covers the second area of the ultrasonic transmitter, and exposes the distal-end treatment portion of the ultrasonic transmitter to an outside, and is made of fluorine-based resin.