Abstract: An AC-DC converter which allows an input current of an input AC power source to have harmonic currents of reduced levels and which supplies a stabilized output DC voltage to a load is realized by a simple circuit configuration. The converter has: a converter circuit consisting of a choke coil which receives a rectified voltage from a rectifying circuit, a switch element, and a diode; a smoothing capacitor which smooths the output voltage of the converter circuit and supplies the smoothed voltage to a load; and a control circuit consisting of a current detection circuit, a voltage detection circuit, and a pulse-width control circuit. In order to stabilize the output voltage, the switch element is turned on and off so that the peak value of the input current of the converter circuit is limited in a DC-like manner, thereby allowing the input current to have a trapezoidal waveform.

Abstract: An AC-DC adapter has a hollow enclosed electrically insulated housing. The housing has two parallel oppositely disposed surfaces. One surface has at least two spaced male openings for accommodating together a male electrical connector. The other surface has at least two spaced female openings for accommodating together a female connector. Each male opening is aligned with a corresponding one of the female openings. At least two elongated electrically conductive members, are utilized. Each member has a blade shaped element at one end which is adapted to be inserted detachably in a socket shaped element and has a socket shaped element at the other end which is adapted to receive detachably a blade shaped element. Each member is disposed in the housing and is aligned with a corresponding pair of male-female openings. The blade shaped element of each member extends outwardly in the corresponding male opening from the one surface.

Abstract: A negative voltage generating circuit includes an oscillating unit constructed of a ring oscillator for outputting a pulse signal with a high frequency and a polarity inverting unit in which the pulse signal is inputted to charge negative voltage. This negative voltage generating circuit is miniaturized and outputs a stable negative voltage. Further, the negative voltage to be outputted can be controlled by varying a resistance value through a control of an FET in a voltage controlling unit.

Abstract: A functional control block (FCB) device for use in conjunction with a signal regulating apparatus which has a signal regulator for producing an output signal and delivers an actual signal on a load through an external conductor, and which further has an inner servo loop and an outer servo loop. The FCB device includes a first input connected to the signal regulator, and a second input connected to the outer servo loop. The FCB device has an internal functional signal processing circuity for processing an output signal from the signal regulator, and the signal from the outer servo loop, and producing a functional sense signal and a functional reference signal. The FCB device further has a first output connected to a sense input of the inner servo loop for delivering the functional sense signal, and a second output connected to a reference input of the inner servo loop for delivering the functional reference signal.

Abstract: In a power supply apparatus which is used for an image forming apparatus, even when a resonance frequency extremely changes due to an influence by an inductance load just after a fluorescent lamp was lit on and after completion of the stabilization after the light-on, the apparatus can immediately follow such a change and can generate a stable voltage.

Abstract: A boost supply has an inductor coupled to supply voltage and connected to ground through a charging switch and connected through a diode to charge a storage capacitor when the switch is open to attain a boost voltage higher than supply voltage. A clock for controlling the switch operation is an astable circuit having an operational amplifier with an RC timing feedback to one input and a hysteresis feedback to the other input. The hysteresis circuit includes a resistor coupled at one end to a reference voltage and through a diode to the amplifier output. This circuit has an increasing frequency with increasing supply voltage to reduce switch closed time and limit the increase of inductor current to safe levels.

Abstract: A power converter for an AC generator for motor vehicles for converting a generated voltage of the AC generator driven by an engine into a DC voltage to feed to a battery includes at least either high-side MOS power transistors for connecting an output end of an armature coil which generates the generated voltage of the AC generator with a high potential end of a battery or low-side MOS power transistors for connecting the output end of the armature coil with a low potential end of the battery. The MOS power transistors each has a source region, a well region and a drain region. A high resistance connected with either a parasitic diode on the side connected with the source generated between the source region and well region or a parasitic diode on the side connected with the drain generated between the drain region and well region in parallel is formed in the MOS power transistors.

Abstract: A miniature power supply and voltage regulator containing a ceramic substrate with conductive metal bonded to the top and bottom of the substrate. The power supply contains a first device for converting alternating current to direct current, a device for converting alternating current to direct current, a device for determining the current demands of a load, and a device for delivering the current demands to the load. The power supply and voltage regulator has a power handling capability of at least 23 watts per square inch of surface area.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for regulating the stator voltage of an alternator, which includes several feedback loops (52, 54, 56, 66) each associated with a gain (K.sub..OMEGA., K.sub.V, K.sub.P, K.sub.I) acting on state variables (.OMEGA., V.sub.S, P) measured at the output of the system as well as on the integral of the setpoint error. The gains (K.sub..OMEGA., K.sub.V, K.sub.P, K.sub.I) are obtained by minimizing the mathematical expectation of a quadratic criterion which is dependent upon a state vector, upon the control variable (u) as well as upon the sensitivities of these variables, when the alternator operating parameters vary about its normal operating point.

Abstract: Electronic power conversion circuitry, for frequencies not exceeding 30 MHz, is manufactured using the benefits of low temperature co-fired ceramic substrates to provide interconnection between the discrete components of the power conversion circuit, and integrate various non-semiconductor devices into the body of the low temperature co-fired ceramic structure, such as resistors, capacitors, inductors and transformers. Use of a low temperature co-fired ceramic structure as a substrate on and within which power conversion circuitry is formed allows selection of various conductive and resistive inks to precisely form interconnection circuitry and selected non-semiconductor components which improves the stability and reduces the cost of power conversion circuits.

Abstract: An uninterruptive switching regulator includes, at a primary side, a rectifier circuit, a primary winding of a high-frequency transformer, a primary side switching element, and a switching primary winding, and at a secondary side, a secondary side output circuit having a rectifying and smoothing circuit connected, and at a tertiary side, a tertiary winding, a charge and discharge circuit, a tertiary side switching element, an electrical double layer capacitor, and a switching tertiary winding, respectively. An output is transmitted from the primary side and tertiary side to the secondary side by the flyback system, and when the output voltage of the rectifier circuit at the primary side exceeds a predetermined level, the charge circuit operates, whereas when it does not exceed the predetermined level, the discharge circuit operates.

Abstract: A current mirror includes first through eighteenth transistors. The load paths of the first and second transistors are in series for carrying an input current to a first supply potential. The control terminals of the first through eighth transistors receive the input current. The load paths of the fourth, third, ninth and tenth transistors are in series between the first and a second supply potential. The third and ninth transistors form a tap being connected to the control terminals of the ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth transistors. The load paths of the fifth, sixth, eleventh and fourteenth transistors are in series between the first and second supply potentials. The sixth and eleventh transistors form a tap being connected to the control terminals of the fourteenth through sixteenth transistors. The load paths of the seventeenth, seventh, twelfth and fifteenth transistors are in series between the first and second supply potentials.

Abstract: A device in a system for power transmission by means of high voltage direct current wherein: a first current path and a second current path are interconnected at a branch point; a first semiconductor connection is connected into the first current path only and which is controllable between conducting and non-conducting states and vice versa; a second semiconductor connection having a diode function and which is connected into the second current path only; a capacitor branch comprising a capacitor and connected between a first connection point on the first current path and a second connection point on the second current path; the first connection point and the branch point are located on opposite sides of the first semiconductor connection; the second connection point and the branch point are located on opposite sides of the second semiconductor connection; and control members for controlling, in dependence on the voltage across the capacitor, the first semiconductor connection between a non-conducting and a c

Abstract: A multi-phase AC to DC harmonic neutralizing power converter. The power converter includes a plurality of inputs for respective phases of a multi-phase source of AC power and a plurality of first rectifiers connected respectively to the inputs. A multi-phase harmonic neutralizing converter includes a power switching inverter having an input connected to the outputs of each of the first rectifiers, the inverter including LC resonant circuits. A plurality of second rectifiers having respective inputs connected to the output of the inverter through a plurality of respective transformers having outputs that are connected in voltage additive relationship to the outputs of the respective individual phase first rectifiers. A single set of power switches is utilized to neutralize multiple input power phases.

Abstract: An electronic ballast having a boot strap capacitor 22 that becomes initially charged at a first rate and a high voltage storage capacitor 23 that becomes charged at a second, faster rate, wherein the boot strap capacitor 22, becoming initially fully charged initiates operation of a PWM driver 18 that in turn causes a power factor corrector and inverter 16 to energize corresponding gas discharge lamps 11. Upon activation of the PWM driver 18 and the corresponding activation of the power factor corrector and inverter 16, a voltage clamp 19 responds to these events by establishing a conductive path 20 between the high voltage storage capacitor 23 and the boot strap capacitor 22, such that continued operation of the PWM driver 18 is ensured. So configured, a relatively small valued capacitor can be utilized for the boot strap capacitor 22, thereby ensuring rapid activation of the lamps 11 without risking subsequent sporadic energization or other operational difficulties.

Abstract: A power circuit including an input circuit for receiving an AC power supply voltage from an AC power line, a primary circuit rectifier coupled to the input circuit for rectifying the AC power supply voltage, a transformer having a primary winding, a secondary winding and a tertiary winding.

Abstract: A DC-to-DC voltage convertor is made up of a capacitor array having plural capacitor elements (C.sub.p1, C.sub.p2, C.sub.p3) and a plurality of switches (S2 . . . S10) which are switchable between at least two states. When the switches are switched in the first state, the capacitor elements are connected in series, and when the switches are connected in the second state, the capacitor elements are connected in parallel. The DC-to-DC voltage convertor may be configured as a step-down convertor (FIG. 2a) or a step-up convertor (FIG. 2b).

Abstract: A microcontroller-based tap-changer controller including apparatus for keeping track of an electrically closed tap position and for automatically changing the tap setting of load tap-changing transformers and regulators; the tap-changer controller further utilizes the "keep-track" tap position to calculate the source voltage of the regulator for reverse power operations; and, a method for paralleling tap-changing transformers and regulators utilizing the circulating current of the units.

Abstract: A front end converter for interfacing prime power to a lower voltage distribution bus, e.g., Vdc, in a distributed power system has a natural droop characteristic which emulates a series resistor, but without associated losses. With this droop characteristic, converters are paralleled and share load current without any interconnecting control signals, thus avoiding any single point of failure and the need for several high-voltage isolation devices. The drooping effect also has a damping effect, resulting in a more stable power system.

Abstract: The converter comprises a rectifier circuit, choppers, chopper control circuits and an input filter of LC type. The control circuits comprise loops regulating the output voltages and the currents of the choppers, and a loop regulating the current flowing in the filter and rectifier. This additional regulation enables oscillations generated in the input filter by the current steps to be dampened. The values of the positive and negative components of the currents in the input filter and rectifier are supplied to the control circuits by sensors.