Abstract: Methods of thermo-mechanically processing a preform composed of tool steel and tools to modify a workpiece. The preform has a region containing austenite. The method comprises establishing the region at a process temperature between a martensitic start temperature and a stable austenitic temperature. While at the process temperature, the region is deformed to change an outer dimension and to modify the microstructure to a depth of 1 millimeter or more. The tool comprises a member composed of tool steel. The member includes a first region that extends from the outer surface to a depth of greater than 1 millimeter and a second region. The first region includes a plurality of grains having an average misorientation angle greater than about 34°, an average grain size that is at least 10% smaller than the second region, and has a different grain orientation than the second region.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for stabilizing the strain-temperature response for a shape memory alloy are provided. To perform stabilization of a second sample of the shape memory alloy, a first sample of the shape memory alloy is selected for isobaric treatment and the second sample is selected for isothermal treatment. When applying the isobaric treatment to the first sample, a constant stress is applied to the first sample. Temperature is also cycled from a minimum temperature to a maximum temperature until a strain on the first sample stabilizes. Once the strain on the first sample stabilizes, the isothermal treatment is performed on the second sample. During isothermal treatment, different levels of stress on the second sample are applied until a strain on the second sample matches the stabilized strain on the first sample.

Abstract: An improved filter is described which is particularly suitable for filtering molten metal. The filter has a porous open celled ceramic foam body with voids separated by struts wherein a portion of the struts are densified with glass.

Abstract: A free casting method according to the present invention includes, a lead-out step for leading out molten metal from a lead-out area (P) provided in a source of supply, e.g. a surface level of the molten metal, to retain the molten metal temporarily by surface films (F) generated on an outer surface, and a forming step for obtaining a formed body by solidifying retained molten metal (MS) led out along a set passage (L1) depending on a desired casting shape, wherein the retained molten metal is solidified after being formed into the desired casting shape by applying an external force thereto at positions between an unrestrained root portion of the retained molten metal in vicinity of the surface level of the molten metal and a solidification interface defined as a boundary between the retained molten metal and the formed body in the forming step.

Abstract: New 2xxx aluminum lithium alloys are disclosed. The aluminum alloys include 3.5-4.4 wt. % Cu, 0.45-0.75 wt. % Mg, 0.45-0.75 wt. % Zn, 0.65-1.15 wt. % Li, 0.1-1.0 wt. % Ag, 0.05-0.50 wt. % of at least one grain structure control element, up to 1.0 wt. % Mn, up to 0.15 wt. % Ti, up to 0.12 wt. % Si, up to 0.15 wt. % Fe, up to 0.10 wt. % of any other element, with the total of these other elements not exceeding 0.35 wt. %, the balance being aluminum.

Abstract: Methods for making composite products are provided. In at least one specific embodiment, the method can include combining a plurality of lignocellulose substrates and one or more free radical precursors to produce a mixture of the lignocellulose substrates and the one or more free radical precursors. The method can also include maintaining the mixture at a temperature less than 60° C. for at least 10 minutes while retaining at least 11 wt % of the one or more free radical precursors charged to the mixture. The method can then include heating the mixture comprising at least 11 wt % of the one or more free radical precursors charged to the mixture to a temperature of at least 60° C. to about 300° C. to produce a composite product. The composite product can have a density less than 1 g/cm3 and an internal bond strength of at least 0.35 MPa.

Abstract: Mechanical hooks made of bulk-solidifying amorphous alloys, wherein the bulk-solidifying amorphous alloys provide ruggedness, durability, higher service loads, excellent resistance to chemical and environmental effects, and low-cost manufacturing are provided. In addition, methods of making such mechanical hooks from bulk-solidifying amorphous alloys are also disclosed.

Abstract: The problem of the present invention involves providing a gear that has high tooth-root bending strength and for which there is no chipping of the tips of the teeth. Accordingly, the surface of the gear is carburized and the gear is strengthened by imparting residual stress, with the residual stress in the region with a surface depth of 5 ?m to 20 ?m being ?1000 MPa or less, and the residual stress in the region with a surface depth of 50 ?m to 150 ?m being ?1000 MPa or greater.

Abstract: A method for producing an alumina template of nanorods, the alumina template, and the nanorods are provided for overcoming the problems of the conventional alumina template having anodic aluminum oxide that may be peeled off from a substrate or forming a non-conductive oxide easily, and the alumina template includes a conductive substrate composed of an active metal and an inert metal, so that the alumina template can be attached onto the active metal and inert metal at the same time, and the active metal can be used for securing the alumina template and supporting the alumina template on the inert metal, and the anodic aluminum oxide attached onto the inert metal can be used for providing a better conductivity, such that a stable and highly conductive alumina template can be produced.

Abstract: Disclosed is a Cu—Co—Si-based copper alloy for electronic materials, which is capable of achieving high levels of strength, electrical conductivity, and also anti-setting property; and contains 0.5 to 3.0% by mass of Co, 0.1 to 1.0% by mass of Si, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities; wherein out of second phase particles precipitated in the matrix a number density of the particles having particle size of 5 nm or larger and 50 nm or smaller is 1×1012 to 1×1014 particles/mm3, and a ratio of the number density of particles having particle size of 5 nm or larger and smaller than 10 nm relative to the number density of particles having particle size of 10 nm or larger and 50 nm or smaller is 3 to 6.

Abstract: This invention relates to production of ?-, near ?- and ?+?-titanium alloys from secondary raw materials, which are used mainly in manufacture of sheet material, structural parts and structural armor for defense and civil sectors. This alloy is characterized by the following chemical composition, weight percentage: 0.01-6.5 Al, 0.01-5.5 V, 0.05-2.0 Mo, 0.01-1.5 Cr, 0.1-2.5 Fe, 0.01-0.5 Ni, 0.01-0.5 Zr, 0.01-0.25 Si, oxygen—up to 0.3, carbon—up to 0.1, nitrogen—up to 0.07 and titanium—remainder. Blend is formulated based on the required tensile strength, while content of alloying elements is calculated based on design value of aluminum and molybdenum strength equivalents. The proposed alloy and the art of its manufacture helps to solve a problem of introduction of a wide range of titanium wastes to make a finished product with the required processing and structural behavior.

Abstract: A method is provided for sterilization of a polymerizable monomer, in which the mixture contains at least the polymerizable monomer, a compound (a), and a compound (b). Compound (a) is selected from the group of compounds (a1), compounds (a2), and compounds (a3), wherein compounds (a1) are represented by general formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4, independent of each other, represent a substituted alkyl residue, a non-substituted alkyl residue, a halogen, a nitro group, or a cyano group; compounds (a2) are selected from the group of dimers of compounds (a1); and compounds (a3) are selected from the group of dialkyldicarbonates. Compound (b) is selected from the group of water and alcohols.

Abstract: A formable galvanized steel sheet includes, in terms of % by mass, 0.05 to 0.3% of C, 0.01 to 2.5% of Si, 0.5 to 3.5% of Mn, 0.003 to 0.100% of P, 0.02% or less of S, 0.010 to 1.5% of Al, and 0.01 to 0.2% in total of at least one element selected from Ti, Nb and V, the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities, having a microstructure composed of, in terms of area fraction, 20 to 87% of ferrite, 3 to 10% in total of martensite and residual austenite, and 10 to 60% of tempered martensite, and a second phase composed of the martensite, residual austenite, and tempered martensite having an average crystal grain diameter of 3 ?m or less, and having a ratio of absorption energy AE to tensile strength TS (AE/TS) not less than 0.063.

Abstract: A composition for coating a cellulosic packaging material that includes water, starch at a concentration of about 10% to about 17% by weight, gelatin at a concentration of about 10% to about 12% by weight, glycerol at a concentration of about 5% to about 11% by weight, one or more protein ingredients at a concentration of about 5% to about 10% by weight, and one or more porophors at a concentration of about 3% to about 5.5% by weight. The present invention also relates to a method of preparing the composition for coating cellulosic packaging material.

Abstract: An austenitic alloy may generally comprise, in weight percentages based on total alloy weight: up to 0.2 carbon; up to 20 manganese; 0.1 to 1.0 silicon; 14.0 to 28.0 chromium; 15.0 to 38.0 nickel; 2.0 to 9.0 molybdenum; 0.1 to 3.0 copper; 0.08 to 0.9 nitrogen; 0.1 to 5.0 tungsten; 0.5 to 5.0 cobalt; up to 1.0 titanium; up to 0.05 boron; up to 0.05 phosphorus; up to 0.05 sulfur; iron; and incidental impurities.

Abstract: A particulate cellulose derivative is obtained in a process of grinding and drying a moist cellulose derivative which comprises the steps of A) providing a cellulose derivative having a moisture content of from 60 to 95 percent, based on the total weight of the moist cellulose derivative; B) grinding and partially drying the moist cellulose derivative in a gas-swept impact mill; C) contacting the ground and partially dried cellulose derivative with an additional amount of a drying gas outside the gas-swept impact mill; and D) subjecting the cellulose derivative to partial depolymerization after having contacted the cellulose derivative with a drying gas in step C). The obtained particulate cellulose derivative has a high untapped bulk density, a good flowability and a low color intensity.

Abstract: A particulate cellulose derivative is obtained in a process of grinding and drying a moist cellulose derivative which comprises the steps of A) providing a cellulose derivative having a moisture content of from 60 to 95 percent, based on the total weight of the moist cellulose derivative, B) grinding and partially drying the moist cellulose derivative in a gas-swept impact mill; and C) contacting the ground and partially dried cellulose derivative with an additional amount of a drying gas outside the gas-swept impact mill. The obtained particulate cellulose derivative has a high untapped bulk density and a good flowability.

Abstract: A material for anisotropic magnet, comprising, (1) a Pr-T-B—Ga-based composition containing Pr: 12.5 to 15.0 atomic percent, B: 4.5 to 6.5 atomic percent, Ga: 0.1 to 0.7 atomic percent, and the balance of T and inevitable impurities, wherein T is Fe or obtained by substituting Co for a portion of the Fe; and having, (2) a degree of magnetic alignment of 0.92 or more, wherein the degree of magnetic alignment is defined by remanence (Br)/saturation magnetization (Js); and (3) a crystal grain diameter of 1 ?m or less.

Abstract: A method for producing a high-strength hot-dip galvanized steel sheet includes a steel sheet containing, in percent by mass, 0.01% to 0.18% of C, 0.02% to 2.0% of Si, 1.0% to 3.0% of Mn, 0.001% to 1.0% of Al, 0.005% to 0.060% of P, 0.01% or less of S, and the balance being Fe and incidental impurities, and a galvanized coating layer on each surface of the steel sheet with a coating weight of 20 to 120 g/m2 per surface, in which, when the steel sheet is subjected to annealing and a hot-dip galvanizing treatment in a continuous hot-dip galvanizing line, the dew point of the atmosphere is controlled to ?40° C. or lower in the annealing furnace temperature range of 750° C. or higher.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for heat treatment of a columnar work. In order to provide the method for heat treatment of a columnar work being able to attain a high productivity, a reduction of cost, and an improvement of quality, as compared with the prior art, the method for heat treatment of a columnar work of the present invention includes a quench-hardening step (S1) and a tempering step (S2) being carried out after the quench-hardening step (S1), the quench-hardening step (S1) includes a first quench-hardening step (S11) and a second quench-hardening step (S12) being carried out after the first quench-hardening step (S11), the entire region of the columnar work (3) from an outer circumferential surface (31f) to a core thereof (32), or a partial region thereof, is heated up to a temperature not lower than a transformation temperature Ac3, and then, the work is quench-hardened.