Abstract: A process and system for removal of hydrogen sulfide from a hydrogen sulfide-containing gaseous stream comprising contacting the hydrogen sulfide-containing gaseous stream with a nonaqueous phase sorbent under conditions suitable for forming a hydrogen sulfide-laden sorbent and a clean gaseous stream. The hydrogen sulfide-laden sorbent is mixed with an aqueous phase redox coupled, regenerating the nonaqueous phase sorbent, reducing the aqueous phase redox couple, and forming sulfur. The sulfur is separated from the mixture. The reduced aqueous phase redox couple is extracted from the mixture and regenerated with an oxidizing agent or electrochemical cell.

Abstract: Process for the conversion of waste gas streams containing volatile carbon compounds to carbon monoxide by contacting the gas stream with an electrically conductive metal or electrically conductive metal oxide catalyst that is heated to reaction temperature by induction heating.

Abstract: A process for decomposing organohalogen compounds which are present in dust-laden gases which have a carbon content of less than 0.6% by weight, by oxidative breakdown with the aid of solid catalysts suitable for this purpose, whereina) the dust is deposited from the gases at 250.degree.-500.degree. C., and the dust-free gas is passed together with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas over the catalyst, orb) the deposition of the dust takes place at below 250.degree. C., the organohalogen compounds are desorbed from the dust in an oxygen-containing gas stream at 250.degree.-500.degree. C., and the gas stream is passed over the catalyst, orc) the dust-laden gas is passed in the presence of oxygen over the catalyst at 250.degree.-500.degree. C., and the dust is subsequently removed.

Abstract: A process for simultaneously reducing the amounts of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine in the exhaust gas from gasoline or diesel engines with high amounts of oxygen in the exhaust gas is disclosed. A high reductive effect towards nitrogen oxides is enabled by using a homogeneous aluminum silicate as a high surface area support material for the catalytically active components.

Abstract: Novel precipitated calcium carbonate particles of varying size and shape, are prepared by adding gaseous carbon dioxide to an aqueous slurry containing basic calcium carbonate under a selectively controlled reaction environment. In its preferred embodiment precipitated calcium carbonate particles having a prismatic shape and an average equivalent spheroidal diameter of between about 1.5 and about 6.5 microns; large irregularly shaped particles having an average equivalent spherical diameter of between about 15 and about 25 microns; and multi-faceted spheroidal particles having an average equivalent spherical diameter of between 5 and about 15 microns, are provided. The reaction environment includes temperatures of between 0.degree. C. and 60.degree. C. and a surface active polyphosphate additive present in amounts of from about 0.1 and about 1.0 percent by weight.

Abstract: Process for removing nitrogen oxides from the flue gases of a soda recovery boiler of a pulp mill. In the method, to the flue gases of the soda recovery boiler is at first fed an oxidizing agent, such as chlorine dioxide or ozone, which oxidizes nitrogen oxide to nitrogen dioxide. Subsequently, the flue gases are led into a flue gas scrubber, in which a reagent coming from the circulation of chemicals of the pulp mill is injected into the flue gases, which reagent brought into contact with the nitrogen dioxide reduces the nitrogen dioxide to nitrogen. The flue gas containing nitrogen is led out of the scrubber and the oxidized reagent is led back to the circulation of chemicals of the pulp mill.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for destruction of volatile organic compounds ("VOC's") from process fumes having variable amounts of such VOC's wherein a nominal amount of the fumes are passed through an oxidizer for destruction of the VOC's and the hot products from the oxidizer are fed to an afterburner that is principally made up of a matrix bed of heat resistant material. The heat from the oxidized gases heats the matrix bed. Fume flows exceeding the nominal flow are bypassed directly to an inlet port of the afterburner where they are passed through the matrix bed of the afterburner, which has been heated by the oxidized gases from the oxidizer, and are combusted into additional gaseous products in a combustion wave. The system allows for utilization of the heat produced from the oxidation of the nominal flow for destructing fume flows that exceed the nominal flow.

Abstract: A nitrogen oxide scrubbing process comprises the step of contacting effluent containing nitrogen oxide with an aqueous alkaline peroxide solution. The process may take place in scrubbing towers where the aqueous solution flows countercurrent to the effluent.

Abstract: A dense or heavy liquid for material separations comprising an aqueous solution including a salt having anionic moieties having the formula [(a).sup.n+ (b).sub.m O.sub.k ].sup.x- where (a) is selected from group IV elements, group V elements, transition metal elements, and rare earth elements; (b) is one or more transition metal elements having an atomic weight between 50 and 201 inclusive, where O is oxygen, where m is an integer between 6 and 18 inclusive, and where k is an integer between 24 and 62 inclusive, said dense liquid also comprising in said aqueous solution cationic moieties capable of forming said salt of said anionic moieties. The cation values may be lithium, sodium, or a mix thereof, with a small amount of hydrogen cations provided by free acid anionic moieties. The most preferred anionic moiety is [SiW.sub.12 O.sub.40 ].sup.4-. The atom designated (b) alternatively may be molybdenum, vanadium, niobium or tantalum.

Abstract: The present invention provides a convenient method for separating hydrogen fluoride from a chemical mixture. More specifically, a method is provided in which hydrogen fluoride is separated from a chemical mixture containing at least one organic material by contacting the chemical mixture with a hydrogen fluoride binder. The hydrogen fluoride separated from the chemical mixture is readily recoverable from the hydrogen fluoride binder.

Abstract: A new hydrodehalogenation catalyst, as well as to its use for the hydrodechlorination of chlorinated hydrocarbons. The hydrodehalogenation catalyst, which converts halogenated hydrocarbons completely under mild conditions, has a considerably longer lifetime than do known catalysts and can be regenerated. In a method of hydrogenating dechlorination the catalyst works preferably under mild reaction conditions, with lifetimes of at least 2,500 hours and leads to reaction products, which can readily be used economically and thermally without further purification. The catalyst is a palladium aluminosilicate support catalyst, which is free of chlorinated compounds, has a palladium content of 0.5 to 8% by weight and a silica content of 1 to 50% by weight. The palladium concentration over the cross section of the support passes through a maximum in the region 50 to 250 .mu.m below the outer surface of the support, the maximum palladium concentration is 1.5 to 7 times the average palladium concentration.

Abstract: The process for separating toxic organic substances from a dust-containing exhaust gas from a sintering process, particularly a process of sintering iron ore, includes bringing the entire exhaust gas from a sintering conveyor into contact with clays, layer silicate, and diatomaceous earth or mixtures thereof within a gas-solids suspension for a reaction time of from 0.5 to 10 seconds above the dew point at a temperature from 90.degree. to 180.degree. C. and at a velocity from 6 to 200 meters per second. The median particle diameter, d.sub.50, of the solid adsorption agent in the gas-solids suspension is from 5 to 100 micrometers and the mean suspension density of the gas-solids suspension is from 5 to 500 g solids per sm.sup.3 exhaust gas. The dust and other solids are subsequently jointly separated from the gas-solids suspension, and part of the separated solids is again contacted with the exhaust gas from the sintering conveyor. An apparatus for carrying out the process is also described.

Abstract: A composition having major concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium; trace quantities of aluminum and other metals; and chelating agent provides excellent protection against frost and stimulates growth of plants.

Abstract: A method of preparing antimony pentafluoride comprising converting antimony compounds to hydroxonium fluoroantimonates by reaction of the antimony compounds with fluorinating material, such as hydrogen fluoride, in the presence of an oxidizing agent, such as hydrogen peroxide, removing water from the reaction product to concentrate the hydroxonium fluoroantimonates and reacting the hydroxonium fluoroantimonates with carbonyl difluoride to produce antimony pentafluoride. In one embodiment the hydroxonium fluoroantimonates are prepared by recovering the antimony from spent alkylation catalyst comprising SbF.sub.5 deposited on silica. The silica can also be recovered and recycled to produce a remanufactured alkylation catalyst.

Abstract: This invention relates to the process for removing CO.sub.2 from CO.sub.2 -containing gas such as combustion gas. For example, it is the process for removing CO.sub.2 from combustion gas through the contact of the gas at the atmospheric pressure with an aqueous solution of an amine represented by the general formula R.sup.1 NHC(CH.sub.3).sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH in which R.sup.1 is a lower alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms, or an aqueous solution containing both an amine represented by the general formula R.sub.2 CHR.sub.3 NHCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH in which R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms and R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or methyl group and a piperazine compound selected from the group consisting of piperazine, 2-methylpiperazine, 2,3-dimethylpiperazine, and 2,5-dimethylpiperazine, or an mixed aqueous amine solution containing a secondary amine and a tertiary amine at concentrations of 10-45% by weight each, or an aqueous solution of a piperazine derivative.

Abstract: A method for producing a catalyst having high catalytic activity even at high temperatures of 1200.degree. C. or higher. Fine alumina particles, of which 50% by weight or more have a particle size of 100 nm or less, are mixed with a catalytic component and a substance of inhibiting the sintering of fine alumina particles to form a slurry mixture. This slurry is dried and then calcined to obtain a porous catalyst. The fine alumina particles in the porous catalyst have a large specific surface area even at high temperatures and therefore the porous catalyst maintains its high catalytic activity even at high temperatures of 1200.degree. C. or higher.

Abstract: A silicon carbide material in the form of fibers, sheets or three-dimensionally structured articles useful as a reinforcing material and heat-insulating material, is produced by reacting an activated porous carbon material in the form of, for example, fibers, sheets or three-dimensionally structured articles, and having a specific surface area of 100 to 2500 m.sup.2 /g, with silicon monoxide gas at a temperature of 800.degree. C. to 2000.degree. C. and then heat-treating the resultant silicon carbide material in a non-oxidative gas atmosphere containing nitrogen and substantially no oxygen at a temperature of 800.degree. C. to 2000.degree. C.

Abstract: A nickel/silica catalyst having a Ni/SiO.sub.2 molar ratio of 10 to 2.5, preferably 6 to 3, contains zinc in an amount of at least 500 ppm (based on the nickel) and maximally in a molar ratio Zn/SiO.sub.2 of 1. Additionally, the catalyst may comprise Mg in a molar ratio Mg/Ni of 0.05-0.15, max. (Mg+Zn)/Sio.sub.2 molar ratio is 1. Also the catalyst may comprise Al in a molar ratio Al/Si of 0.05-0.5. Also methods of preparing the catalyst and its use for hydrogenating oils and fats have been described.

Abstract: A process for producing oxygen-free or low-oxygen shaped bodies of silicon carbide, particularly SiC fibers, by using chemically reactive polysilanes and/or polycarbosilanes as precursors. In accordance with the invention green fibers are stabilized preferably in the presence of reactive gases.

Abstract: A process is provided for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from a hydrogen sulfide-containing gas by contacting said gas with an aqueous solution comprising chelated iron, an organic amine, an alkali metal hydroxide, carbonate or bicarbonate, and an alkali metal or ammonium phosphate or polyphosphate.