Abstract: The present application provides a method of adjusting a feedwater mass flow rate to maintain a constant steam temperature in an evaporator section. The method may include the steps of determining a change in a number of operational parameters, predicting a change in steam temperature based on the number of operational parameters, combining the predicted changes in steam temperature, determining a feedforward signal based on dynamically offsetting the combined predicted changes in steam temperature, and changing the mass flow rate of feedwater based on the feedforward signal.

Abstract: An oxidation furnace for the oxidative treatment of fibers having a housing which is gas-tight, apart from passage openings for the fibers, inter alia. A process chamber is located in the interior of the housing. Deflecting rollers guide the fibers through the process chamber in a serpentine manner so that the fibers lie next to one another as a fiber carpet which spans a plane between opposite deflecting rollers. An atmosphere-generating device can generate a hot working atmosphere and includes a blowing device with at least one outlet window through which a hot working atmosphere can be blown into the process chamber between two adjacent planes of the fiber carpet (22a). The working atmosphere is guided into the process chamber by a flow guiding system. The flow guiding system includes exchangeable flow guiding elements with flow passages which can be detachably and/or movably mounted on the blowing device, before the outlet window.

Abstract: A water heater may include a water tank, a burner, a pilot for igniting the burner, an ignitor for igniting the pilot, a thermoelectric device in thermal communication with a flame of the pilot, a controller for controlling an ignition sequence of the pilot using the ignitor, and a rechargeable power storage device for supplying power to the ignitor and the controller. The rechargeable power storage device may be rechargeable using the energy produced by the thermoelectric device. The controller is configured to selectively run only the pilot for at least part of a heating cycle to increase the recharge time of the rechargeable power storage device while still heating the water in the water heater.

Abstract: An oven can include an oven body including a set of interior panels. A set of exterior panels are spaced from the set of interior panels such that a channel is defined between the set of interior panels and the set of exterior panels. The set of interior panels includes an interior panel peripheral wall and an interior panel top wall that at least partially define a cooking cavity. Each interior panel of the set of interior panels has an inner surface and an outer surface. Insulation is located in at least a portion of the channel. The oven further includes an imaging device with a field of view including at least a portion of the cooking cavity.

Abstract: A pump device is proposed for arrangement on a recirculation line of an industrial water system including a feed pump, a check valve and a bypass line for the check valve. The bypass line is arranged in parallel to the check valve and wherein a combination of the check valve and bypass line is arranged in series to the feed pump.

Abstract: A new and improved gas fired burner unit that can be utilized in applications where low emissions and high efficiency are desired including a burner body having a lower housing unit with a bottom portion, a distribution element located above the bottom portion, a burner deck located above the distribution element, and a metal fiber mesh element located above the burner deck. The burner deck supports the metal fiber mesh and spaces the metal fiber mesh from the internal distribution element to define a burner head. At least one inlet conduit communicates with the burner body and extends into the burner body to deliver a gas/air mixture to the burner body in a region located below the distribution element and above the bottom portion of the lower housing unit. The burner head has a permeability greater than 700 liters per hour, and the bottom portion of the lower housing unit includes a plurality of ribs providing added rigidity to the burner body and eliminating combustion noise.

Abstract: A moveable sludge lance said moveable sludge lance having duel lance heads passed through handholes in the side of a nuclear steam generator and into a central tube lane having a central stay rod which cleans with high pressure fluid through the row 1 tubes in the tube lane, where the distance between the dual lance heads is wide enough to allow the dual lance heads to extend beyond the central stay rod.

Abstract: A fuel-fired heating appliance comprises a fuel source, an air source, a chamber in which fuel and air mix, a burner downstream from the mixing chamber, an igniter proximate the burner, a heat exchanger, a blower and a flue pipe. An ambient air inlet may be defined by at least one of the outlet end of the blower and the flue pipe extending between the interior of the flue pipe and an area ambient to the flue pipe. A flow rate of combustion gas may be controlled to a level below a steady-state flow rate during appliance warm-up.

Abstract: A method includes supporting a wafer on a heating element, wherein the heating element is located in a baking chamber. The method further includes heating the wafer for a first duration using the heating element. The method further includes measuring a temperature of the heating element and a temperature of the wafer during the first duration to obtain temperature information. The method further includes adjusting an amount of heat provided by the heating element during the first duration, wherein the adjusting of the amount of heat includes decreasing the amount of heat provided by the heating element as a rate of change of the temperature information versus time increases.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention provide a heat exchanger that includes a shell coupled to a top tube sheet and a bottom tube sheet. The shell at least partially defines an interior region. The heat exchanger also includes a burner positioned to deliver combustion gases into the interior region. A plurality of tubes, configured to circulate a fluid therein, extend through the interior region around the burner. The heat exchanger further includes a divider that extends within the interior region from the top tube sheet to the bottom tube sheet and between one of the plurality of tubes and another non-adjacent tube of the plurality of tubes. The divider and the plurality of tubes define a receiving section of the interior region for receiving combustion gases from the burner and an exhaust section of the interior region in fluid communication with a combustion gas vent.

Abstract: Provided is a cooking apparatus and method of controlling the cooking apparatus. The cooking apparatus includes a cooking chamber; a heating portion installed in the cooking chamber; and a smoking agent accommodation portion separably mounted on the heating portion and capable of accommodating a smoking agent.

Abstract: The current invention discloses a method and apparatus for production of hot water or steam in a 4-pass firetube boiler. A waste heat stream is passed through the first and second passes of the boiler, and then routed into a furnace tube (which is the third pass of the boiler) to help suppress the flame temperature and NOx emissions from the burner. The flue gas from the third pass is then passed through the fourth pass of the boiler to transfer the heat energy to the water in the boiler.

Abstract: The inventive concept provides an apparatus and a method for heat-treating a substrate. The method includes a first treatment operation of spacing a substrate apart from a support plate provided with a heater to a first height in a state in which a treatment space, in which the substrate is treated, is closed and heating the substrate, a second treatment operation of, after the first treatment operation, lowering the substrate such that the substrate is located at a second height and heating the substrate, a third treatment operation of, after the second treatment operation, lifting the substrate such that the substrate is spaced apart from the support plate to be located at a third height and heating the substrate, and a fourth treatment operation of, after the third treatment operation, lowering the substrate such that the substrate is located at a fourth height and heating the substrate.

Abstract: A method for modulating a valve regulating the flow rate of gas towards a burner is presented. The valve with the associated closure member configured to operate with a predetermined characteristic curve, the flow rate delivered being proportionally related to the strength of a first current signal sent to the modulator such that the flow rate can be modulated, using the proportionality, within a range of modulation between a maximum flow rate and a minimum flow rate. To deliver controlled gas flow rates that are below the minimum flow rate, the modulator is driven with a second PWM voltage signal capable of generating a particular second PWM current signal, to move the closure member of the valve according to the second signal. First and second time intervals correspond to successive durations of high signal and low signal, respectively, the sum being equal to a period of the second signal.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor comprising a first shield and a second shield and a sensor stack between the first and the second shield, the sensor stack having a plurality of layers wherein at least one layer is annealed using in-situ rapid thermal annealing. In one implementation of the magnetic sensor a seed layer is annealed using in-situ rapid thermal annealing. Alternatively, one of a barrier layer, an antiferromagnetic (AFM) layer, and a cap layer is annealed using in-situ rapid thermal annealing.

Abstract: An arrangement in a recovery boiler having a furnace for combusting waste liquor and a flue gas duct comprising vertical flue gas channels, at least part of which is provided with heat recovery units for recovering heat from flue gases. The heat recovery units have a width of substantially the width of the flue gas duct, whereby downstream of the furnace the first flue gas channel is provided with a superheater. In addition to the superheater, the first flue gas channel is provided with one of following heat recovery units: an economizer, a boiler bank, or a reheater. The superheater and a second heat recovery unit are located one after the other in horizontal introduction direction of the flue gas, so that in a flue gas channel the flue gas flows in the vertical direction downwards and heats the superheater and the second heat recovery unit simultaneously.

Abstract: A method of controlling a premixing apparatus that mixes fuel gas with air and supplies thus obtained air-fuel mixture, through a fan to a burner, includes at a time of changing over to a small-capacity state in which a first ventilation resistance in an air supply passage is increased and also in which a second ventilation resistance in a gas supply passage is increased, rotating a butterfly valve down to a closing side stop angle; and at a time of changing over to a large-capacity state in which the first ventilation resistance in the air supply passage is decreased and also in which the second ventilation resistance in the gas supply passage is decreased, rotating the butterfly valve up to an open-side stop angle.

Abstract: The present application provides a once-through evaporator system. The once-through evaporator system may include a number of once-through evaporator sections with a distribution valve and a level sensor and a controller in communication with each distribution valve. The controller provides the distribution valve with a position set point and biases the position set point via a feedforward signal based on a fill level as determined by the level sensor in each of the once-through evaporator sections.

Abstract: The invention relates to a condensation heat exchanger which comprises: —at least two concentric bundles (5, 5?) of tubes made from a material that is a good thermal conductor, inside which tubes a heat-transfer fluid is intended to circulate, each bundle of tubes (5, 5?) comprising a series of tubes (50, 50?) in the form of an arc of a circle, the tubes of each bundle (5, 5?) being arranged in parallel planes with a gap (53, 53?) between two adjacent tubes (50, 50?), —a single collector (6) made of a material that is a good conductor of heat and to which the two ends (51, 51?, 52, 52?) of each tube (50, 50?) of the various bundles (5, 5?) are connected, this collector (6) being equipped with inlet (61) and outlet (62) couplings. This exchanger is notable in that the collector (6) comprises several partitions delimiting various channels, which allow the fluid that is to be warmed up to be made to circulate in the various successive bundles from the outermost bundle to the innermost bundle.

Abstract: A batch furnace for annealing material, in particular a single chamber furnace or single coil furnace, with a furnace housing. The batch furnace has a closable charging opening, a receiving chamber for receiving furnace material, and a device for convective heat transfer onto the furnace material by a heat transfer medium. The batch furnace includes at least one fan, which is arranged in the furnace housing, at least one heating device for the heat transfer medium and/or at least one inlet for an externally heated heat transfer medium, wherein the heating device and/or the inlet is arranged directly in front of the intake side or directly behind the pressure side of the fan or circumferentially in an annular gap between the fan and the furnace housing, and a receiving chamber for the furnace material, which is arranged on the pressure side of the fan.