Abstract: A display panel includes at least one first electrode, a plurality of second electrodes opposite to the at least one first electrode, and a plurality of microcapsules disposed between the at least one first electrode and the plurality of microcapsules. Each microcapsule includes a plurality of charged first particles of a first color and a plurality of charged light-emitting particles. Charge polarity of the plurality of first particles is opposite to charge polarity of the plurality of light-emitting particles, and the first color is different from a color of light emitted by the plurality of light-emitting particles.

Abstract: A beam steering device and a system using the same are provided. The beam steering device includes a plurality of transmission type optical modulation devices provided to steer an incident beam in different directions, wherein each of the plurality of transmission type optical modulation devices includes: a phase modulator including a nanoantenna in which a plurality of nanostructure rows are arranged. Each of the nanostructure rows includes a plurality of nanostructures connected to each other. A meta surface includes the plurality of nanostructure rows. Each of the transmission type optical modulation devices also includes a plurality of drivers provided which independently apply an electric signal to each of the nanostructure rows to control a phase change thereof.

Abstract: A temperature regulation system includes a laminate material that has a first light transmissive electrode layer, a rear electrode layer, and a bistable electrophoretic medium disposed between the first and second electrode layer. The electrophoretic medium includes two types of particles that have different charges and color. The amount of incident radiation (visible light, infrared, etc.) that is absorbed by the laminate can be modified by providing a voltage between the electrode layers.

Abstract: An electro-optic fiber including a conductive fiber, a layer of electro-optic medium on the conductive fiber, and a conductor on the layer of electro-optic medium. A method of making the electro-optic fiber including the steps of coating a conductive fiber with an electro-optic medium and applying a conductor to the electro-optic medium. The resulting fibers can be woven to create a color-changing material, such as a fabric.

Abstract: A display device includes an electronic paper display and a ground electrode. The electronic paper display is imageable by receiving charges on a charge receiving layer of the electronic paper display. The ground electrode is opposite to the charge receiving layer of the electronic paper display and exposed at an edge of the display device.

Abstract: A display plasma module with a double-layer microstructure includes a pixel electrode and a transparent electrode located above the pixel electrode. A display plasma and a liner frame surrounding the display plasma are arranged between the pixel electrode and the transparent electrode. A plasma barrier array used for uniformly dispersing and stabilizing the display plasma is arranged on the pixel electrode and/or the transparent electrode, and a spacer particle layer is adsorbed on the plasma barrier array. The display plasma module directly uses the display plasma to replace the micro-cup structure or the microcapsule structure, and is provided with the plasma barrier array and the spacer particle layer used for uniformly dispersing, stabilizing and isolating the display plasma, which has a function of supporting the whole display plasma module and controlling the thickness of the display plasma.

Abstract: A display panel including a substrate, a thermal sensor, a plurality of sensing traces, a pixel layer, and a display medium layer is provided. The substrate has a display area. The thermal sensor is attached on the substrate. The sensing traces are disposed on the substrate and connected to the thermal sensor. The pixel layer disposed on the substrate includes a pixel structure and a plurality of signal lines. The pixel structure is disposed in the display area and connected to the signal lines. The signal lines of the pixel layer are independent from the sensing traces. The display medium layer is disposed on the substrate and the pixel layer is located between the display medium layer and the substrate. A display apparatus and a method of fabricating the display panel are also provided.

Abstract: A refraction device includes a main body, a spherical power lens coupled to the main body, an astigmatic power lens movably coupled to the main body, and a visual display coupled to the main body and oriented toward an optical pathway extending through the spherical power lens and the astigmatic power lens. The visual display is configured to display an image for testing visual acuity.

Abstract: A liquid lens can include a cavity disposed between a first window and a second window, first and second liquids disposed in the cavity, and a variable interface disposed between the first and second liquids, thereby forming a variable lens. At least one of the first window or the second window can have a multi-layer structure with interior and exterior plies and a deformable spacer disposed between the interior and exterior plies. A refractive index of the interior ply can be substantially the same as a refractive index of the deformable spacer, whereby an index-matched boundary is formed between the interior ply and the deformable spacer. A structural axis of the liquid lens can pass through each of the index-matched boundary and the variable interface.

Abstract: A louver film display structure, including: a first and a second electrode; a plurality of louver structures extending between the first and the second electrodes light transmissive elements positioned between adjacent louver structures of the plurality of louver structures, wherein: when a first voltage level is applied to the first and the second electrodes, the louver structures provide a first viewing angle of each unit area of light of each light transmissive element based on a first state of the louver structures, and when a second voltage level is applied to the first and the second electrodes, the louver structures provide a second viewing angle of each unit area of light of each light transmissive element based on a second state of the louver structures, wherein the first voltage level is greater than the second voltage level and the second viewing angle is greater than the first viewing angle.

Abstract: Improved optical coherence tomography systems and methods to measure thickness of the retina are presented. The systems may be compact, handheld, provide in-home monitoring, allow the patient to measure himself or herself, and be robust enough to be dropped while still measuring the retina reliably.

Abstract: A transmittance-variable film, a use thereof, and a smart window including the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a transmittance-variable film includes a first electrode substrate, a first electrode insulating layer disposed on the first electrode substrate, an electrophoretic layer, a second electrode insulating layer, and a second electrode insulating layer disposed on the second electrode substrate, wherein the first electrode substrate, the electrophoretic layer, and the second electrode substrate are sequentially arranged, and wherein the first and second electrode insulating layers contain a fluorine-based resin. Upon repeated driving of the film between a transparent mode and a black mode, the transmittance-variable film can maintain a transmittance constant in the transparent mode and exhibit an excellent light shielding ratio in the black mode.

Abstract: An immersive display system for eye therapies includes an ophthalmic microscope and: a double video camera, connected to a local network infrastructure; the double video camera oriented for filming the surgery operation; at least one computerized control unit, connected to the local network infrastructure, receiving images from the double video camera and processing them in a three-dimensional digital format; and at least one computerized controller, receiving the images processed by the computerized control unit. Also included is at least one helmet adapted to be worn on the head by the surgeon during the surgery operation, the helmet provided with a viewer arranged before the wearer's eyes, configured for three-dimensional image display, providing virtual reality content; the viewer allows the surgeon exclusive viewing of the three-dimensional images processed by the computerized control unit; the helmet being connected to the local network infrastructure to allow image reproduction in real time.

Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention are a chalcogenide phase change material based all-optical switch and a manufacturing method therefor, relating to the field of optical communications. The all-optical switch comprises: stacked in sequence, a cover layer film, a chalcogenide phase change material film, an isolation layer film, a silicon photonic crystal, and a substrate. The silicon photonic crystal comprises a nano-porous structure such that the silicon photonic crystal has a Fano resonance effect. When the all-optical switch is used, the state of the chalcogenide phase change material film is controlled by means of laser, and the resonance state of the silicon photonic crystal is modulated to implement modulation of signal light transmissivity; the modulation range is within a communication band from 1500 nm to 1600 nm, thereby implementing an optical switch. The all-optical switch of the present invention has the characteristics of high contrast ratio, high rate and low loss.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the field of electronic display technology, and relates to a display plasma module and a manufacturing method thereof, characterized in that a display plasma module includes a pixel electrode and a transparent electrode located above the pixel electrode, characterized in that a display plasma is provided between the pixel electrode and the transparent electrode, and a spacer frame is located around the display plasma. In the present invention, the display plasma is used to replace the existing micro-cup structure or microcapsule. Compared to the traditional electrophoretic display screen with microstructure, the thickness is reduced, the contrast is increased by more than 10%, and the response time is reduced to less than 80 milliseconds, so that the manufacturing process is simpler, the yield is improved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

Abstract: An airborne-charge receiving layer of a passive electronic paper assembly comprises a first side and opposite second side to be in contact with a charge-responsive media layer. The airborne-charge receiving layer comprises a first material to minimize triboelectric charge transfer at an external surface of the first side of the airborne-charge receiving layer.

Abstract: Emissive micro-pixel spatial light modulators with non-telecentric emission are introduced. The individual light emission from each multi-color micro-scale emissive pixel is directionally modulated in a unique direction to enable application-specific non-telecentric emission pattern from the micro-pixel array of the emissive spatial light modulator. Design methods for directionally modulating the light emission of the individual micro-pixels using micro-pixel level optics are described. Monolithic wafer level optics methods for fabricating the micro-pixel level optics are also described. An emissive multi-color micro-pixel spatial light modulator with non-telecentric emission is used to exemplify the methods and possible applications of the present invention: ultra-compact image projector, minimal cross-talk 3D light field display, multi-view 2D display, and directionally modulated waveguide optics for see-through near-eye displays.

Abstract: An imaging system includes a light source configured to generate a light beam. The system also includes first and second light guiding optical elements having respective first and second entry portions, and configured to propagate at least respective first and second portions of the light beam by total internal reflection. The system further includes a light distributor having a light distributor entry portion, a first exit portion, and a second exit portion. The light distributor is configured to direct the first and second portions of the light beam toward the first and second entry portions, respectively. The light distributor entry portion and the first exit portion are aligned along a first axis. The light distributor entry portion and the second exit portion are aligned along a second axis different from the first axis.

Abstract: Aspects of this disclosure concern controllers and control methods for applying a drive voltage to bus bars of optically switchable devices such as electrochromic devices. Such devices are often provided on windows such as architectural glass. In certain embodiments, the applied drive voltage is controlled in a manner that efficiently drives an optical transition over the entire surface of the electrochromic device. The drive voltage is controlled to account for differences in effective voltage experienced in regions between the bus bars and regions proximate the bus bars. Regions near the bus bars experience the highest effective voltage.

Abstract: Optical states in TIR-based image displays may be modulated by movement of electrophoretically mobile particles into and out of the evanescent wave region at the interface of a high refractive index convex protrusions and a low refractive index medium. The movement of particles into the evanescent wave region may frustrate TIR and form dark states at pixels. Movement of particles out of the evanescent wave region may allow for TIR of incident light to form bright states at pixels. The movement of the particles may be controlled by employing the drive methods of pulse width modulation, voltage modulation or a combination thereof.