Abstract: A laser beam combining device includes: a plurality of shaping optical units which emit circular laser beams which are different from each other in a change amount of an outer diameter per unit travel distance, wherein the plurality of shaping optical units are placed in such a manner that the circular laser beams emitted from the shaping optical units have a concentric shape.

Abstract: A sub-pixel unit for a reflective display includes a color filter including a tunable high contrast grating. The tunable high contrast grating reflects light within a first range of wavelengths, and the sub-pixel unit can exist in a first state and a second state, the first state reflecting at least one of (i) light within a different range of wavelengths, and (ii) light of a different intensity level, than the second state.

Abstract: The invention concerns an electrically controllable display element (1) for an optical display device, with a structured layer (2) that has a plurality pixels (3), and with at least one electrode layer (6) directly or indirectly over a structured side (2.1) of the structured layer (2), as well as with an active matrix (7) having thin film transistors, which has selectively controllable electrodes, such that individual or multiple particular pixels (3) can be charged with an electric field, characterized by the fact that the at least one electrode layer (6) extends in one piece over the structured side (2.1) of the structured layer (2), and that the active matrix (7) in the viewing direction is arranged on the display element (1) above the electrode layer (6).

Abstract: A color filter array is provided in an electro-optic display by ink jet printing a plurality of colored areas (22R, 22G, 22B) on one surface of a layer of electro-optic material (12), an adhesive layer or a protective layer. Alternatively, the ink jet printing may be effected on the same layers in various sub-assemblies used to produce electro-optic displays.

Abstract: An optical image lens system includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element, a fifth lens element and a sixth lens element. The first lens element has positive refractive power. The second lens element has positive refractive power. The third lens element has positive refractive power. The fourth lens element has refractive power. The fifth lens element with refractive power has an image-side surface being convex in a paraxial region thereof, wherein at least one surface of the fifth lens element is aspheric. The sixth lens element with refractive power has an image-side surface being concave in a paraxial region thereof, wherein at least one surface of the sixth lens element is aspheric, and the image-side surface of the sixth lens element has at least one inflection point thereon.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for estimating a reference posture of a subject with a view to taking measurements in order to determine the parameters for manufacturing a vision correction device, including, for a plurality of instances in which the head reaches a target reference posture from at least one deviated posture, the steps of: measuring the actual reference posture to thus obtain a plurality of sets of actual reference posture data, and storing said sets of data in a memory; and processing said sets of actual reference posture data using a digital processing unit in order to obtain an optimal reference posture.

Abstract: An image display device includes an image generating device, a light guide unit, and a light beam expanding device. The light guide unit includes a light guide plate, a first deflector, and a second deflector. The light beam expanding device expands a light beam incident from the image generating device along the Z direction and outputs the light beam to the light guide unit when the incident direction of light incident on the light guide plate is defined as the X direction and the propagation direction of light in the light guide plate is defined as the Y direction. The light beam expanding device is composed of a first reflective mirror on which light from the image generating device is incident and a second reflective mirror on which light from the first reflective mirror is incident and that outputs light to the light guide unit.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for testing night vision are disclosed. At least one visual mark is presented to a test person having an open pupil from a distance of several meters. The visual mark is configured as a light point, and a visual impression of the test person is determined by means of the visual mark. The apparatus comprises means for opening a pupil of a test person, in particular a darkened room. An examination position for the test person and a presentation apparatus for visual marks arranged at a distance of several meters from the examination position are also provided. The presentation apparatus comprises at least one point-shaped light source. A light beam thereof is directed towards the examination position. Means are provided for determining a visual impression of the test person with the help of the visual marks.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus for reducing tilt instability in an electromechanical systems (EMS) device, where the EMS device includes a plurality of hinges supporting a movable mirror over a stationary electrode and having identical hinge lengths. The EMS device can include a plurality of first anchor points providing connection at the substrate and a plurality of second anchor points providing connection at the movable mirror. Each of the hinges can be positioned between paired first and second anchor points and symmetrically arranged about the center of the movable mirror. In some implementations, the plurality of first anchor points and the plurality of second anchor points can be defined by a single mask.

Abstract: Electrode sub-assemblies for use in electro-optic displays comprise an electrically non-conductive substrate, for example poly(ethylene terephthalate); a light-transmissive electrically-conductive ceramic layer, for example indium tin oxide; and a light-transmissive non-ceramic electrically-conductive layer, for example PEDOT:PSS.

Abstract: Some implementations described herein involve defining a viewing angle range, also referred to herein as a viewing cone. The viewing cone may be produced by an array of optical fibers on a display. The optical fiber array may include tapered optical fibers that are capable of increasing the amount of light transmitted through the optical fiber array. The optical fiber array may be a graded index optical fiber array, wherein the refractive index of the optical fiber cores varies along the axis of the optical fibers.

Abstract: An electrophoretic insulated glass unit (IGU) comprises an electrophoretic laminate and a pane spaced apart from the electrophoretic laminate, the respective inner faces of the laminate and the pane defining a sealed cavity there between. An outer face of the electrophoretic laminate is in contact with an environment. One inner face of the cavity has a coating that is transparent to visible light and which rejects infrared light greater than a cut-off wavelength.

Abstract: An illuminating magnifier has an annular housing with an underside, an inner edge defining an opening and an outer edge. A magnifying lens fills the opening, which lens has an optical axis. Light emitting diodes are distributed about the axis at the underside of the housing, each diode, when energized, producing a relatively wide angle conical light beam with a central hot spot cone which cart illuminate a viewing field below the lens. Special mounting surfaces at the housing underside aim the diodes in the diode array at selected angles relative to the lens axis so that the conical light beams therefrom overlap and all points in the viewing field are illuminated by the light beam from each diode and a center region of that field around the axis is illuminated by the hot spot cones of all the diodes.

Abstract: An artificial muscle structure has an electro-active polymer (EAP) layer having a frusto-conical shape and whose tip has an opening formed therein for use as a camera variable aperture. First, second and third electrode segments are formed on a rear face of the EAP layer. The second segment is positioned in a gap between the first and third segments so as to be electrically isolated from the first and third segments. The second segment has an opening formed therein that is aligned with the opening in the EAP layer. A complementary electrode is formed on a front face of the EAP layer. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: In order to perform observation and imaging by the same image capture unit, an ophthalmologic imaging method includes illuminating a fundus of an eye to be inspected with light having a first wavelength, guiding return light from the fundus to an image capture unit through a focus lens so as to obtain an in-focus position of the focus lens in accordance with the light having the first wavelength, illuminating the fundus with light having a second wavelength different from the first wavelength, and guiding return light from the fundus to the image capture unit through the focus lens so as to obtain an image of the fundus. The focus lens is moved to an in-focus position for the light having the second wavelength based on a wavelength difference between the light having the first wavelength and the light having the second wavelength.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a reflective display particle, the method including: (a) preparing first and second dispersion solutions by dispersing first and second reflective display materials that reflect light in different wavelength ranges into first and second media that contain a curable material and are unmixed with each other, respectively; (b) forming an emulsion by mixing the prepared first and second dispersion solutions, and encapsulating the emulsion into a capsule; and (c) having the first and second dispersion solutions contained in the encapsulated emulsion undergo phase separation, and curing the phase-separated first and second dispersion solutions by applying energy to the phase-separated first and second dispersion solutions.

Abstract: A springless voice coil actuator is provided. The springless voice coil includes a base, a coil, a guiding rod, a slidable base, a main magnetic component and a balance magnetic component. The coil is disposed on the base. The guiding rod is disposed on the base. The slidable base is for sliding along the guiding rod to a predetermined direction. The main magnetic component is connected to the slidable base. The balance magnetic component is coupled with the main magnetic component for generating a magnetic induction.

Abstract: A fundus camera, which does not take time for adjustment of illumination light amount and focusing even if brightness of the fundus is different for each eye to be inspected, includes an illumination unit for illuminating the fundus of the eye to be inspected, a photometry unit for performing photometry of reflection light from the fundus illuminated by the illumination unit, an illumination light amount control unit for controlling a light amount of the illumination unit, a focus detection area determining unit for determining a focus detection area with respect to a fundus image taken by an image pickup unit, and a focus detection unit for detecting a focus position in the area determined by the focus detection area determining unit. The photometry unit calculates a photometry value of the focus detection area, and the illumination light amount is controlled based on the photometry value.

Abstract: A magnifying container apparatus including a generally cylindrical member and one or more magnifying lenses is provided for magnifying, viewing, and carrying items. A magnifying lens is detachably connected to the lower end of the cylindrical member to close the lower end. The magnifying lens magnifies the items present below the magnifying lens. The cylindrical member accommodates and carries the items within a space defined by a generally cylindrical wall and between an open upper end and the closed lower end of the cylindrical member. The magnifying container apparatus further includes a threaded rod, a threaded wheel, and a generally cylindrical sieve member. The sieve member drains a predetermined amount of an extraneous element from the magnifying container apparatus, when the threaded rod, in communication with the threaded wheel, traverses the magnifying lens from the lower end of the cylindrical member toward a lower end of the sieve member.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for two-dimensional wavelength beam combining of laser sources. In one example, an external cavity multi-wavelength laser includes an array of laser emitters each producing an optical beam having a specified wavelength, a grating stack comprising a plurality of first-order diffraction gratings arranged linearly in a first dimension, and a dispersive element. The laser further includes a cylindrical telescope that images the optical beams from the array of laser emitters onto the grating stack. A first cylindrical transform lens spatially overlaps the optical beams in a second dimension forming a first region of overlap at the grating stack. A second cylindrical transform lens spatially overlaps the optical beams from the grating stack in the first dimension forming a second region of overlap at the dispersive element. The dispersive element transmits a multi-wavelength output beam comprising the spatially overlapped optical beams from the array of laser emitters.