Abstract: An organic light emitting device (OLED) and a method of fabricating the same are provided, wherein the OLED includes a thin film transistor having a gate electrode, and source and drain electrodes on a substrate; a triple-layered pixel electrode connected to one of the source and drain electrodes through a via-contact hole formed in an insulating layer on the substrate, and having a lower pixel electrode, a reflective layer pattern and an upper pixel electrode; an organic layer disposed on the upper pixel electrode and having at least an emission layer; and an opposite electrode disposed on the organic layer.

Abstract: A plasma display panel minimizing the presence of electrodes outside the display area. In forming the display electrodes across the display, the electrodes extend to only one of the right or left side of the display area. In forming the address electrodes, the electrodes extend to only one of a top or a bottom side of the display area. By so limiting the amount of electrodes outside the display area, less electrode paste is consumed thus reducing expenses and the size of the glass substrate is reduced thus resulting in a more compact display. All of this can be achieved without reducing the display area of the display.

Abstract: A negative hole is formed by etching a dielectric layer that includes at least a lower dielectric sublayer and an upper dielectric sublayer. The lower dielectric sublayer and the upper dielectric sublayer have substantially the same permittivity, and the lower dielectric sublayer may have a higher etching rate lower than the upper dielectric sublayer. The negative hole formed in the upper and lower dielectric sublayers has an etched profile with a protruded portion protruding from at least the boundary between the lower dielectric sublayer and the upper dielectric sublayer. With various embodiments of the disclosed invention, resistance between the cathode and the gate may be secured to prevent arc generation and signal distortion.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp including a glass bulb that is in a shape of a tube. External electrodes are formed as conductive layers each of which covers an outer surface of the glass bulb at an end thereof. Metal members in a shape of a cap are respectively connected to the external electrodes by covering at least part of the external electrodes. The metal members are formed such that rims of the metal members recede from a center of the glass bulb in the tube axis direction a distance L than rims of the external electrodes.

Abstract: A fluorescent material excellent in emission efficiency in white emission and a light-emitting apparatus employing this fluorescent material and having excellent color rendering are provided with a fluorescent material comprising a two-layer structure of a core of a particle size having a quantum effect and a shell covering this core in which the ground state energy of the core is in the range of 1.85 to 2.05 eV, the high order energy of the core is not in the ranges of 2.3 to 2.5 eV and 2.65 to 2.8 eV, or the ground state energy of the core is in the range of 2.3 to 2.5 eV, the high order energy of the core is not in the range of 2.65 to 2.8 eV an light-emitting apparatus employing these fluorescent materials.

Abstract: A backlight unit has an external electrode fluorescent lamp in an housing. The external electrode fluorescent lamp includes a glass bulb having a discharge space inside, and electrodes around both ends of the glass bulb. A protective layer and a phosphor layer are formed on an internal surface of the glass bulb in this order. The glass bulb is made of soda glass, and sodium oxide precipitated from this soda glass appears on part of the internal surface of the glass bulb where the protective layer is not formed, so as to be exposed to the discharge space.

Abstract: The invention provides an image forming apparatus in which orbit shift can be prevented to perform good image display in an electron beam emitted from the electron-emitting device adjacent to the spacer when an antistatic spacer coated with a high resistance film is used. A surface shape is controlled by forming a fine particle film on the surface of a row directional wiring 5 in which a spacer 3 is arranged, the electron emission is realized from electron-emitting areas 14a and 14b near contacting areas 15a and 15b in a non-contacting area 16 in which the spacer 3 is not in contact with the row directional wiring 5, and the non-contacting area 16 of the spacer 3 is irradiated with the electron to decrease a potential, which allows a good equipotential line 17 to be formed.

Abstract: A trans-reflective organic electroluminescent panel comprises a substrate, several controlling components and displaying regions formed on the substrate. The displaying regions are electrically connected to the controlling components, and each display region has a trans-reflective organic electroluminescent device (OELD). The trans-reflective OELD at least comprises a transparent electrode formed on the substrate, a light emitting layer formed above the transparent electrode, a reflective electrode formed above the light emitting layer and a semi-reflecting layer. Light generated from the light emitting layer emits toward the transparent electrode to form a light path, and the semi-reflecting layer is disposed in the middle of the light path. Also, a proper proportion of the area of the semi-reflecting layer to the area of the transparent electrode is determined for improving the luminescence and color performances of the trans-reflective organic electroluminescent panel.

Abstract: A Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) includes a panel having an inner phosphor screen, a funnel connected to the panel and adapted to have a deflection unit arranged thereon and a neck connected to the funnel and having an electron gun arranged therein. A shatter-proof member is installed on the funnel to prevent the tube from shattering.

Abstract: A Field Emission Display (FED) includes: a first substrate; a cathode electrode arranged on the first substrate in a first direction; a cathode focusing electrode arranged on the cathode electrode and having a rectangular first aperture elongated in the first direction; a gate electrode having a plurality of third apertures arranged in a second direction in regions where the gate electrode overlaps the cathode electrode and connected to the first aperture; and an emitter arranged on the cathode electrode within the first aperture.

Abstract: A novel design for a plasma display panel where a dielectric grid structure is formed between the front and the rear substrate. Some or all of the electrodes are formed within the dielectric grid structure. The electrodes surround individual discharge cells and thus produce a more efficient discharge. A resistive element is built into the electrodes to reduce current and to reduce power consumption. The sustain discharge electrodes, made of X and Y electrodes each are made of at least two separate electrode lines, all four electrodes being formed within the dielectric grid. By such a design, power consumption is reduced and light emission efficiency is improved.

Abstract: There is described a lamp having a high-temperature glass envelope, at least one feedthrough assembly, and a light source disposed within the envelope; the at least one feedthrough assembly having an inner electrical lead connected to the light source, an outer electrical lead for conducting electrical energy from an outside source to the light source, and an intermediate connector electrically connecting the inner and outer electrical leads, the intermediate connector being resistant to oxidation within a temperature range up to 1200° C. and having a thermal expansion coefficient in the range of 0-2 ppm/° C.; and the intermediate connector being sealed within a seal area of the envelope.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electron multiplier unit and others enabling cascade multiplication of electrons through successive emission of secondary electrons in multiple stages in response to incidence of primary electrons. The electron multiplier unit has a first support member provided with an inlet aperture for letting primary electrons in, and a second support member located so as to face the first support member. The first support member is provided with a focusing electrode functioning to alter trajectories of the primary electrons, in order to guide the primary electrons to the inlet aperture. These first and second support members hold an electron multiplication section for the cascade multiplication and an anode.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electron multiplier unit and others enabling cascade multiplication of electrons through successive emission of secondary electrons in multiple stages in response to incidence of primary electrons. The electron multiplier unit has a first support member provided with an inlet aperture for letting primary electrons in, and a second support member located so as to face the first support member. These first and second support members hold an electron multiplication section for the cascade multiplication and an anode. The electron multiplication section is comprised of at least a first dynode of a box type and a second dynode having a reflection type secondary electron emission surface located so as to face the first dynode and arranged to receive secondary electrons from the first dynode and to emit secondary electrons to a side where the first dynode is located.

Abstract: A Field Emission Display (FED) includes: a first substrate; a first insulating layer arranged on the first substrate; a cathode arranged on the first substrate to cover the first insulating layer, the cathode having a first concave opening arranged between portions thereof covering the first insulating layer: a second insulating layer arranged on the first substrate and the cathode, the second insulating layer having a second opening connected to the first opening to expose a portion of the cathode; a gate electrode arranged on the second insulating layer, the gate electrode having a third opening connected to the second opening; a plurality of emitters arranged on the cathode in the first opening and along both edges of the first opening and spaced apart from each other; and a second substrate facing the first substrate and spaced apart therefrom and having an anode and a fluorescent layer arranged on a surface thereof.

Abstract: A plasma display panel including a front substrate and a rear substrate separated by a predetermined distance, barrier ribs disposed between the front substrate and the rear substrate and partitioning a plurality of discharge spaces, a plurality of first sustain electrodes and second sustain electrodes disposed in parallel on an inner surface of the front substrate, and a plurality of first dielectric layers and second dielectric layers, covering the first sustain electrodes and the second sustain electrodes, respectively, parallel to the first and second sustain electrodes and separated from each other by predetermined narrow spaces and predetermined wide spaces.

Abstract: A plasma display panel, including a lower substrate and an upper substrate, is provided. The lower substrate includes a first substrate, data electrodes, a rib structure and a fluorescent layer. The data electrodes are disposed on the first substrate. The rib structure is disposed on the first substrate and covering the data electrodes. The fluorescent layer is disposed on a surface of the rib structure. The upper substrate is disposed over the lower substrate, and configures a plurality of first, second, and third discharging spaces with the rib structure of the lower substrate. The upper substrate includes a second substrate and bus electrodes disposed on the second substrate. Each of the bus electrodes includes electrode lines and connecting sessions to electrically connect the electrode lines. The bus electrodes corresponding to respectively the first, second and third discharging spaces are different in structure.

Abstract: An electron emission device includes first and second substrates facing each other with a predetermined distance therebetween, and an electron emission region formed on the first substrate. First and second electrodes are placed on the first substrate while being insulated from each other to control an electron emission of the electron emission region. An insulating layer is disposed between the first and second electrodes. An anode electrode is formed on the second substrate. A phosphor layer is formed on a surface of the anode electrode. The insulating layer has a multiple-layered structure including at least two layers differing from each other in electro-physical property.

Abstract: Improved photocathodes are provided by a fabrication method including steps of wet chemically cleaning the photocathode emission surface (to reduce the level of cleaning-induced surface damage), two stage heat treatment (to complete the cleaning without desorbing nitrogen from the emission surface), followed by activation with Cs only, as opposed to Cs—O. The resulting photocathodes have improved performance (lifetime, brightness, efficiency) compared to conventional photocathodes, and are thus attractive candidates for demanding photocathode applications.

Abstract: A light-emitting, transparent, flexible film system based on polymers is produced by including a thermoplastic polyurethane film having an electroluminescent pigment incorporated therein in the flexible film system. These systems are useful as a luminescent system.