Abstract: A grating including a first substrate and a second substrate oppositely disposed; a first transparent electrode having a grating structure and disposed on a side of the first substrate facing towards the second substrate; a second transparent electrode disposed on a side of the second substrate facing towards the first substrate and disposed opposite to the first transparent electrode; and a polymer layer disposed between the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode and containing therein nano-sized material converting electromagnetic energy into heat energy and liquid crystalline elastomers. When a voltage is applied, the nano-sized material converts electromagnetic energy into heat energy, to convert the polymer layer to cholesterol phase and reflect all the light within the wavelength range of visible light; and when no voltage is applied, the polymer layer is transparent.

Abstract: A grating is provided. The grating includes a first substrate and a second substrate opposite the first substrate, a plurality of first transparent electrodes arranged at equal intervals along a surface of the first substrate and between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a plurality of second transparent electrodes each arranged along a surface of the second substrate and opposite to a respective one of the plurality of first transparent electrodes, and a liquid crystal mixture layer arranged between each pair of the first transparent electrodes and respective second transparent electrodes, wherein a liquid crystal mixture in the liquid crystal mixture layer is switchable between a smectic phase and a cholesteric phase such that the liquid crystal mixture is transparent in the smectic phase and black in the cholesteric phase.

Abstract: A method of flood exposing a photocurable printing blank to actinic radiation from a UV LED light source, wherein a high intensity UV LED light source is modulated to a lower intensity. The method includes the steps of: (a) positioning the photocurable printing blank in an exposure unit, wherein the exposure unit comprises one or more high intensity UV LED light sources; (b) modulating intensity of the one or more high intensity UV LED light sources to a lower intensity; and (c) flood exposing the photocurable printing blank through the photographic negative or the digitally imaged mask layer to actinic radiation from the one or more modulated UV LED light sources.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel mesogenic compounds, liquid crystal compositions (liquid-crystalline media) comprising them and suitable for high-frequency technology, and high-frequency devices using them, such as phase shifters, antennas, tunable filters, switching devices, e.g. operated in the microwave region, to a process for preparing the compositions. The liquid crystal compositions have high optical anisotropy, a positive dielectric anisotropy and a wide temperature range of nematic phases.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other; a pixel electrode disposed on the first substrate; a first alignment layer formed on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate; a second alignment layer disposed on a same substrate as the first alignment layer, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, where the first alignment layer is a rubbing alignment layer, and the second alignment layer is a photo-alignment layer. A method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display is also provided.

Abstract: A coating for use with a hydrophilic sheet substrate to form a lithographic printing plate precursor, including at least one Compound A silane compound and at least one Compound B phosphinic acid or organic derivative thereof. Compounds A and B experience a synergistic interaction which substantially increases adhesion to the substrate of areas imaged by radiation. The resulting plate is exhibits high on-press durability suitable for high volume commercial uses without a preheat step prior to development, even when imaged with lower levels of radiation such as violet lasers. A method of preparing a lithographic printing plate includes imagewise exposing the coating on a surface of a hydrophilic substrate to violet radiation and developing in an alkaline aqueous solution without preheating.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound of the present invention has excellent characteristics of being able to prepare a PSA type liquid crystal display element with no problem of depositing in a wide temperature range, having high polymerization speed, high liquid crystal alignment regulation force after polymerization, excellent display qualities with no display unevenness, and excellent display characteristics with no defects in display characteristics such as image sticking and is appropriate as a liquid crystal composition in a practical use. Further, the liquid crystal display element with the above-described liquid crystal composition can be appropriately used for a PSA type liquid crystal display element.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition having one or more compounds shown as formula I and one or more compounds shown as formula II, and the liquid crystal composition comprising a compound shown as formula II-A: wherein substituents are all defined. The composition has a low viscosity ?1, a moderate dielectric anisotropy ?? and a moderate optical anisotropy ?n, and can achieve fast response of a liquid crystal display.

Abstract: A liquid crystal polyester resin composition usable for molding a connector improved in dimensional stability is provided having a liquid crystal polyester and a platy inorganic filler. The platy inorganic filler has a primary particle having a ratio of particle diameter to thickness of 8 to 200, and the platy inorganic filler is contained in an amount of 50 to 250 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the liquid crystal polyester. A connector molded from the liquid crystal polyester resin composition is also provided. A method for producing a liquid crystal polyester resin composition includes a step of melt-kneading 100 parts by mass of a liquid crystal polyester with 50 to 250 parts by mass of a platy inorganic filler, the platy inorganic filler having a primary particle which has a ratio of particle diameter to thickness of 8 to 200.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline polymer composition having a reduced tendency to create a static electric charge during a molding operation is provided. More particularly, the composition contains an ionic liquid that is distributed within a liquid crystalline polymer matrix. In addition to being electrically conductive, the ionic liquid can exist in liquid form during melt processing, which allows it to be more uniformly blended within the liquid crystalline polymer matrix. This improves electrical connectivity and thereby enhances the ability of the composition to rapidly dissipate static electric charges from its surface.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is provided. The liquid crystal display includes a first substrate; a second substrate facing the first substrate; an alignment layer disposed on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; and a reactive mesogen included in the liquid crystal layer and represented by Chemical Formula 1.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a polymer layer that controls the alignment of liquid crystal molecules on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate. The polymer layer is formed by polymerizing one or more radical-polymerizable monomers added to the liquid crystal layer. At least one of the radical-polymerizable monomers is a compound represented by P-Sp1-Z2-A1-(Z1-A2)n1-Z3-Sp2-P. In an example encompassed by the formula, P represents a radical-polymerizable group. Sp1 and Sp2 each represent a direct bond or an alkylene group. A1 represents a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group. A2 represents a phenylene group. Z1, Z2, and Z3 may be the same or different. At least one of Z1, Z2, and Z3 represents a direct bond, or an —NRCO— group or —CONR— group. R represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 linear alkyl group or alkenyl group. n1 is 0 or 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to metal oxide precursors comprising i) at least one metal atom selected from the group consisting of In, Ga, Zn and Sn, ii) at least one non-photocrosslinkable ligand and iii) at least one photocrosslinkable ligand, to liquid coating compositions comprising the precursors, and to their use.

Abstract: The liquid crystal composition contains a compound contributing to high stability to heat or ultraviolet light, has negative dielectric anisotropy and has a nematic phase, and may contain a specific compound having high negative dielectric anisotropy as a first component, a specific compound having a high maximum temperature or small viscosity as a second component, and a specific compound having a polymerizable group.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula I, to a liquid-crystalline medium which comprises at least one compound of the formula I, in which R1, R1*, L1, L2, L3 and L4 have the meanings indicated herein, and to the use thereof for an active-matrix display, in particular based on the VA, PSA, PS-VA, PM-VA, PALC, IPS, PS-IPS, SA-VA, SS-VA, FFS or PS-FFS effect.

Abstract: Photopolymerizable flexographic printing elements which contain cyclohexanepolycarboxylic esters as plasticizers and also their use for producing flexographic printing forms for printing with UV inks, in particular for UV narrow web printing.

Abstract: A device for automated implementation of preliminary reverse exposure, main exposure, and development of digitally imagable flexographic printing elements, and a method for producing flexographic printing plates starting from digitally imaged flexographic printing elements, using said apparatus.

Abstract: A method of creating a custom relief image printing element from at least one raw photocurable material and at least one lamination layer supplied by a manufacturer is described. The manufacturer provides a menu of raw photocurable materials and a menu of lamination layers and wherein the customer selects at least one raw photocurable material from the menu of raw photocurable materials and selects at least one lamination layer from the menu of lamination layers. The method includes the steps of: a) laminating the selected at least one raw photocurable material to the selected at least one lamination layer at a customer's location to create a photocurable printing blank; and thereafter b) imagewise exposing the at least one photocurable printing blank to actinic radiation at the customer's location to crosslink and cure portions of the at least one photocurable material and create a relief image therein. A lamination system is also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal (LC) medium comprising a polymerizable compound, one or more compounds of formula Q, and one or more compounds of formula AN1 to a process for its preparation, to its use for optical, electro-optical and electronic purposes, in particular in LC displays, especially in an LC display of the polymer sustained alignment (PSA) type, and to an LC display, especially a PSA display, comprising it.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula I, and to a liquid-crystalline medium, preferably having a nematic phase and negative dielectric anisotropy, which comprises one or more compounds of formula I, defined herein, for use in an electro-optical display, particularly in an active-matrix display based on the VA, ECB, PALC, FFS or IPS effect, and to the use of the compounds of the formula I for the stabilization of a liquid-crystalline medium which comprises one or more compounds of the formula II and one or more compounds of the formulae III-1 to III-4, defined herein.