Abstract: An interference type optical magnetic field sensor device 1 has a light emitter 10 emitting first linearly polarized light, a first optical element 30 emitting a first linearly polarized wave and a second linearly polarized wave orthogonal to the first linearly polarized wave with respect to incident the first linearly polarized light, and emitting a second linearly polarized light with respect to incident third linearly polarized wave and a forth linearly polarized wave orthogonal to the third linearly polarized wave, a magnetic field sensor element 50 disposed at least a portion thereof within a predetermined magnetic field an optical path unit 40 connected to the first optical element and the magnetic field sensor element, and having a first optical path propagating the first linearly polarized wave and the forth linearly polarized wave, and a second optical path propagating the second linearly polarized wave and the third linearly polarized wave, a detection signal generator 60 outputting a detection sign

Abstract: Magnetic locators and uses of such locators for detection of buried utilities are disclosed. Outputs provided from two or more three three-axis magnetic sensors based on magnetic field signals sensed at single points in space in three axes may be used to determine information about the buried utilities including position and/or depth of the buried utilities relative to the locator.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods are described herein for measuring an impedance of a DUT using an integrated impedance measurement device. A system includes a plurality of measurement circuits, a FFT processor, and a controller. The measurement circuits are coupled to the DUTs. Each measurement circuit is configured to generate a clock signal for a respective DUT, detect a voltage of the respective DUT, and generate first voltage related data using the clock signal and the voltage. The FFT processor is coupled to the measurement circuits. The FFT processor is configured to convert the first voltage related data into second voltage related data using a fast Fourier transform for each measurement circuit. The controller is coupled to the measurement circuits and the FFT processor. The controller is configured to calculate an impedance using the second voltage related data for each measurement circuit and output the impedance to each DUT.

Abstract: A heat tone sensor includes a housing with a gas inlet and with a gas outlet as well as a device for generating a gas stream of a gas to be tested between the gas inlet and the gas outlet. A measuring element, around and/or through which the gas stream flows, is configured to catalytically burn at least a portion of the gas stream and to send a measurement signal. The measurement signal indicates a quantity of heat released in the process.

Abstract: Electromagnetic probes for analyzing a flowing multi-phase fluid are described herein. The probes generally use a probe assembly for measuring liquid properties in a multiphase fluid flowing in a conduit, the probe assembly comprising a first member with a probe portion and a connection portion, the probe portion having a central bore with a conductor and a pressure-resistant insulator surrounding the conductor, the conductor extending from an opening at a distal end of the probe portion into the connection portion, the connection portion having a connector coupled to a distal end of the connection portion, the connection portion having a seal face with a groove extending around the probe portion; and a second member that, when assembled, is in direct contact with the first member at the distal end of the connection portion to apply compression and to retain the first member against a wall of the conduit.

Abstract: An exemplary controller may include a single clock source configured to generate a single clock signal used to drive one or more components within a plurality of magnetometers and a plurality of differential signal measurement circuits configured to measure current output by a photodetector of each of the plurality of magnetometers.

Abstract: A submersible current sensor for sensing a current in a submerged conductor includes: a split core current transformer constructed to generate an output representative of the current carried by the conductor, the split core having a first core member, a first winding disposed about at least a portion of the first core member; a second core member; and a second winding disposed about at least a portion of the second core member; and a housing, the housing including: a first housing member constructed to house the first core member and the first winding; and a second housing member constructed to house the second core member and the second winding.

Abstract: Circuits for controlling magnetic-based tracking systems are described. These systems may be used in virtual reality applications, for example to track in real-time the location of one or more body parts. The systems use a beacon emitting mutually orthogonal magnetic fields. On the receiver side, one or more sensors disposed on different parts of a body receive the magnetic fields. The beacon includes switching amplifiers for driving the magnetic field emitters. Being binary, these amplifiers may be controlled by binary signals. The circuits may exhibit a resonant frequency response, and may be operated off-resonance, thus providing for a better control of the magnetic fields amplitude. As a result, however, fluctuations in the envelop of the magnetic fields due to the presence of a beating tone may arise. These fluctuations may be shortened by gradually activating the drivers for the magnetic field emitters.

Abstract: One embodiment includes an electrometer system. The system includes a sensor cell comprising alkali metal atoms within, and a probe laser configured to generate a probe beam, the probe beam being provided through the sensor cell. The system also includes a coupling laser configured to generate a coupling beam. The coupling beam can be provided through the sensor cell to combine with the probe beam provided through the sensor cell to provide a Rydberg energy state of the alkali metal atoms, the probe beam exiting the sensor cell as a detection beam. The system further includes a sensor control system configured to monitor the detection beam to detect an external signal based on monitoring a phase of the detection beam.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with automated calibration in electromagnetic scanners are described. In one embodiment, a method includes: detecting one or more peak frequency bands in electromagnetic signals collected by the electromagnetic scanner at a geographic location; comparing the one or more peak frequency bands to broadcast frequencies assigned to local radio stations of the geographic location; and indicating that the electromagnetic scanner is calibrated by finding at least one match between one peak frequency band of the peak frequency bands and one of the broadcast frequencies. An electromagnetic scanner may be recalibrated based on comparing the one or more peak frequency bands to broadcast frequencies.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor 10 includes: a non-magnetic substrate 11; a sensitive circuit 12 provided on a surface of the substrate 11 and including a sensitive part 121 sensing a magnetic field by a magnetic impedance effect; a terminal part 13a and a terminal part 13b connected to respective both end portions of the sensitive circuit 12; and a conductive returning member with one end portion being connected to the terminal part 13a, the returning member returning back toward the terminal part 13b.

Abstract: A method of measuring electromagnetic interference (EMI) to noninvasively identify component degradation or failure in power electronics circuitry. The method involves characterizing the degradation or failure characteristics of the component and modeling those characteristics to enable a machine learning algorithm to identify EMI frequency distribution characteristics that correspond to the degradation or failure. The EMI frequency distribution is measured and the data provided to the machine learning algorithm whereupon the algorithm identifies degradation or failures indicated by the measured data.

Abstract: A detection and measurement unit for detecting electromagnetic interference, the detection and measurement unit being configured to receive a representative digital signal. The detection and measurement unit includes a detection subunit configured to compare the amplitude of the representative digital signal with a first triggering threshold and a second stopping threshold. The second stopping threshold corresponds to an amplitude less than that of the first triggering threshold. The detection subunit is configured to detect an electromagnetic pulse on each detection of the passage of the amplitude of the representative digital signal through the second stopping threshold in a falling edge after the amplitude of the representative digital signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for obtaining a computationally determined interference electric field describing scattering of radiation by a pair of structures comprising a first structure and a second structure on a substrate. The method comprises determining a first electric field relating to first radiation scattered by the first structure; determining a second electric field relating to second radiation scattered by the second structure; and computationally determining the interference of the first electric field and second electric field, to obtain a computationally determined interference electric field.

Abstract: A nondestructive testing method for detecting and distinguishing internal and external defects of a wire rope includes: acquiring a magnetic flux signal and a MFL signal of a detected wire rope; preprocessing the magnetic flux signal and the MFL signal of the detected wire rope; comparing a preprocessed magnetic flux signal and a preprocessed MFL signal with a preset magnetic flux signal threshold and a preset MFL signal threshold respectively, and calculating a defect position; extracting a magnetic flux signal of a defect and an MFL signal of the defect based on the defect position; calculating a defect width of the detected wire rope based on the magnetic flux signal of the defect and the MFL signal of the defect; calculating a defect cross-sectional area loss of the detected wire rope based on the defect width; and determining whether the defect is the internal defect or the external defect.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electronic circuit includes an oscillator and a measuring circuit. The oscillator generates a first signal with a frequency corresponding to a time. The measuring circuit measures a first voltage based on a resonance frequency in a terminal of a semiconductor device where the first signal is supplied.

Abstract: A chirality detector of the present invention for detecting chirality of chiral material, includes: a first electrode and a second electrode that are configured to apply a voltage to a subject containing the chiral material; a spin detection layer configured to be in contact with the subject; a power supply; and a control section. The power supply and the control section are configured to generate an electric field at the subject by applying the voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode. The control section is configured to detect a voltage generated in the spin detection layer in a direction that goes across a direction of the electric field or a voltage generated between the spin detection layer and the subject, and also is configured to detect chirality of the chiral material on the basis of the detected voltage.

Abstract: A leakage-flux flaw detection device includes a plurality of leakage-flux flaw detectors provided at positions not in contact with a steel strip and arranged in a width direction of the steel strip, wherein the leakage-flux flaw detectors each include a rotating disk that faces a surface subjected to flaw detection of the steel strip and that rotates, and a plurality of defect detection heads installed at different positions in a circumferential direction on the rotating disk, that perform direct-current magnetization of the steel strip, and detect leakage flux leaking from a linear defect due to the direct-current magnetization, wherein at least one of the plurality of defect detection heads has an inclination angle different from inclination angles of other defect detection heads, the inclination angle being defined by a tangent line of a rotation trajectory and the magnetization direction at an installation position of the defect detection head.

Abstract: An optical fiber winding for measuring current circulating through a conductor. The optical fiber winding includes a first helically wound optical fiber cable and a second helically wound optical fiber cable. The first helically wound optical fiber cable is twisted about its longitudinal axis in a first twist direction, and the second helically wound optical fiber cable is twisted about its longitudinal axis in a second twist direction, the first twist direction being opposite the second twist direction. Each of the first and second helically wound optical fiber cables making contact with one another at multiple locations along their length. Due to the first and second helically wound optical fiber cables making contact with one another and being twisted in opposite directions, counteracting forces exist where the first and second helically wound optical fiber cables contact one another to resist an untwisting.

Abstract: A system and method of effectively measuring a change in a gradient of a magnetic field. The systems include a first magnet and a second magnet mechanically coupled together and aligned along a polarization axis. The first magnet and the second magnet are positioned such that a pair of like magnetic poles of the first magnet and the second magnet face in opposite directions. Further, the first magnet and the second magnet are configured to move along the polarization axis in response to a magnetic field. A sensing system is configured to measure a change in a gradient of the magnetic field based on the movement of the first magnet and second magnet along the polarization axis in response to the magnetic field.