Abstract: An electrochemical machining apparatus includes a fastening bracket, a first drive member positioned on the fastening bracket, a connecting member, a first electrode connected to the connecting member, a second driving member, a second electrode connected to the second driving member, a moving assembly positioned on the fastening bracket, an electrolytic cell positioned on moving assembly, a pump, and a vacuum pump. The first electrode defines a plurality of liquid collecting grooves spaced from each other. Each liquid collecting grooves defines a plurality of second through holes. At least one liquid collecting groove is connected to the pump, and the other liquid collecting grooves are connected to the vacuum pump. The portion of the second electrode can be inserted into and depart from the second through holes.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of electrochemical production of disinfectants, where a solution of alkaline metals is used as the electrolyte in the anode chamber. The invention offers a new design for electrolyzers, reducing power consumption in the production of disinfectants by known methods. As a result of this invention, power consumed in the production of 1 gram of active chlorine by known methods will be reduced by 20%, and the possibilities for producing disinfectants with active chlorine content 7500 ppm in an electrolyzer without channelling the water into external cooling devices will also expand.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cell of a modular electrolyzer having a frame-shaped flange formed by two superposed elements, welded along the internal periphery in order to increase the local flange thickness in a portion of higher exposure to corrosion, for the sake of improving its resistance. A method of repairing electrolysis cells having a frame-shaped flange formed by two superposed elements by removing and replacing only the outermost frame, more subject to corrosion, is also described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for electrolysis comprising a cathode and an anode comprising a catalyst, both the cathode and anode at least partly immersed in an electrolyte, the process characterised in that the electrolyte at least partly inhibits further oxidation of a product formed at the anode. Typically the catalyst comprises one or more metal-(Group VIb) semiconductors, and one or more metal-(GroupVIb))-phosphorous species.

Abstract: This electrolytic refining method of high-purity electrolytic copper includes: performing electrolysis by using an electrolyte which includes a copper nitrate solution, a cathode made of stainless steel, and an anode made of copper so as to deposit high-purity electrolytic copper on the cathode. (a) The electrolyte includes a mixture of polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol at a content of 20 ppm or more as an additive. (b) When a molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is given as Z and a current density during the electrolysis is given as X (A/dm2), the electrolysis is performed under conditions that fulfill the following relational expressions, 1000?Z?2000 1.2?(Z?1000)×0.0008?X?2.2?(Z?1000)×0.001.

Abstract: Methods and systems for removing impurities from an electrolytic salt are disclosed. After removal of impurities from the salt, the salt can be subjected to electrorefining to produce high-purity materials, for example silicon. Impurities are removed from the salt using a system that includes a first working electrode, a counter electrode, and at least one reference electrode. A second working electrode can also be utilized. The salt may be utilized in an electrorefining system, for example a system operated in a single phase or multiple phase operation to produce high-purity materials, such as solar-grade silicon.

Abstract: The invention relates to bio-electrochemical systems for the generation of methane from organic material and for reducing chemical oxygen demand and nitrogenous waste through denitrification. The invention further relates to an electrode for use in, and a system for, the adaptive control of bio-electrochemical systems as well as a fuel cell.

Abstract: In a hydrogen producing device, an electrolyte flow path between a plurality of hydrogen producing cells is disposed in a hydrogen production side and in an oxygen production side, separately. Further, an electrolyte flow path is formed through which the electrolyte flows downward from the top between the plurality of hydrogen producing cells, and on the other hand the electrolyte flows upward from the bottom within each hydrogen producing cell. Moreover, a contact point with a produced gas or an atmosphere is provided in a pathway of the electrolyte flow path.

Abstract: An aluminum production electrolytic cell comprises a bath with bath contents, at least one cathode electrode in contact with said contents, at least one anode electrode in contact with said contents, and a hood, defining interior area, covering at least a portion of said bath. The electrolytic cell is equipped for vent gases to be drawn from said interior area. The electrolytic cell also comprises at least one heat exchanger for cooling at least a portion of the vent gases drawn from interior area, prior to circulation thereof to interior area.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrochemical cell (20) comprising a bipolar plate (26); an annular support next to the bipolar plate (26); a first electrode (22) separated from the bipolar plate (26) defining a first half-cell (10?) (cationic or anionic) together with the plate and the annular support. The cell also has a membrane (23) next to the first electrode (22); a second electrode (24) next to the membrane (23); and a closure element (21) defining a second half-cell (10?) (cationic or anionic depending on the nature of the second electrode) together with the second electrode (24). In the present invention the closure element (21) is housed within the annular support (25).

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of electroplating which may include placing a substrate, an anode, and an electroplating solution in an electroplating cell such that the substrate and the anode are located on opposite sides of a fluidically-permeable plate, setting the configuration of one or more seals which, when in their sealing configuration, substantially seal pores of the fluidically-permeable plate, and applying an electrical potential between the anode and the first substrate sufficient to cause electroplating on the first substrate such that the rate of electroplating in an edge region of the first substrate is affected by the configuration of the one or more seals. Also disclosed herein are apparatuses for electroplating which may include one or more seals for substantially sealing a subset of the pores in a fluidically-permeable plate whose sealing configuration affects a rate of electroplating in an edge region of the substrate.

Abstract: The composition of matter comprising Ga(Sbx)N1?x where x=0.01 to 0.06 is characterized by a band gap between 2.4 and 1.7 eV. A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor layer of that composition. A photoelectric cell includes that semiconductor device.

Abstract: An electrochemical machining device includes an electrode bundle, an electrode sleeve used for receiving the electrode bundle therein, and an electrolytic tank. The electrode bundle includes a number of columnar electrodes. Each of the columnar electrodes can move along an axial direction of the electrode sleeve. The electrode sleeve includes sidewalls, and two pressing plates positioned corresponding to two adjacent sidewalls. The sidewalls of the electrode sleeve include a number of screws to adjust a distance between the pressing plates and the corresponding sidewalls. The pressing plates can be moved to press the electrode bundle, and fix the electrode bundle between the pressing plates and the corresponding sidewalls of the electrode sleeve. A shape of the electrode bundle can be adjusted according to a shape of a molding surface.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a method of manufacturing layered metal oxide particles, the method comprising: placing a metal electrode in an electrolyte; and applying an electrical voltage to the electrode, wherein the metal electrode forms the anode, to form a metal oxide layer on the electrode surface, wherein the electrical voltage applied is higher than the breakdown voltage of the metal oxide, thereby breaking down the metal oxide layer formed on the electrode surface into metal oxide particles that react with the electrolyte to form the layered metal oxide particles. The present invention also refers to a layered metal oxide particle obtained from the method, and a method of manufacturing a crystalline metal oxide nanosheet or a crystalline metal oxide nanoribbon.

Abstract: A method for producing metal zinc by liquid/liquid extraction, comprising leaching of a zinc-bearing solid raw material containing antimony with a slightly acid aqueous solution, at a pH value maintained above 3 and less than or equal to 5, with formation of a suspension, drawing-off from the suspension of an aqueous phase containing zinc in solution to be subject to the extraction, additional leaching of the remaining suspension with an acid aqueous solution, at a pH value maintained below 3.5 and greater than or equal to 1, with formation of a pulp, introduction of a neutralizing agent in this pulp with coprecipitation of antimony and other impurities and separation from this neutralized pulp of a zinc-bearing aqueous solution which is recycled to the step for leaching the zinc-bearing solid raw material.

Abstract: In one form, a photoelectrochemical cell comprising a p-type sensitized photocathode including a sensitizer dye and a water-based electrolyte. In another form, the sensitizer dye and an adjacent semiconductor may have a reduction potential that is sufficiently high to either reduce a desired chemical feedstock in the cell or reduce protons in the water to hydrogen gas. The semiconductor to which the sensitizer dye is affixed may be nickel oxide. The photoelectrochemical cell can include a sensitized photocathode and an electrolyte that contains an electron acceptor, where light illumination of the sensitized photocathode results in reduction of the electron acceptor. The electrolyte can include water.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for collecting and removal of acid mist from an electrolytic cell. The arrangement includes a cover for covering an open top of a container of the electrolytic cell so that a space is formed between a surface of electrolyte contained in the container and the cover, a decontamination system provided with an acid mist suction channel terminating in an upwards facing inlet opening in the space, and a cleaning arrangement for spraying the upwards facing inlet opening with washing fluid. The cleaning arrangement has a fluid nozzle. The fluid nozzle is in the acid mist suction channel. The fluid nozzle is arranged to spray washing fluid at least downwards into the acid mist suction channel.

Abstract: A removable electrode module for engagement with an electrolysis chamber comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, and a suspension structure. The suspension structure comprises a suspension rod coupled to the first electrode. The second electrode is suspended or supported by the suspension structure, which comprises at least one electrically-insulating spacer element for retaining the second electrode in spatial separation from the first electrode.

Abstract: Solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) stack obtainable by a process comprising the use of a glass sealant with composition 50 to 70 wt % SiO2, 0 to 20 wt % Al2O3, 10 to 50 wt % CaO, 0 to 10 wt % MgO, 0 to 2 wt % (Na2o 1K2O), 0 to 10 wt % b2O3, and 0 to 5 wt % of functional elements selected from TiO2, ZrO2, ZrO2, F, P2O5, Mo03, FeO3, MnO 2, La—Sr—Mn—O perovskite (LSM) and combinations thereof. Preferably, the sealant is a sheet of E-glass fibers with a composition in wt % of 52-56 SiO2, 12-16AL2O3, 16-25 CaO, 0-6MgO, 0-2 Na2+K2O, 0-10 B2O3, 0-1.5 TiO2, O-1F.

Abstract: The invention related to the recycling field of waste printed circuit boards (WPCB), and especially involved a complete non-cyanogens wet process for green recycling of WPCB, which belonged to the field of recycle economy. In the invention, the process included that WPCB were broken by the jaw crusher, and then mixed copper powders and nonmetallic powders were separated by the method of air classification, the mixed copper powders were smelted and casted to get copper anode plates, the copper was purified by electrolytion, the valuable metals (such as copper, gold, silver, platinum and palladium, lead and tin) were recycled from the copper anode slime, and the waste water was recycled. The recovery ratio of all-metal was above 98%. The purity of the cathode copper was up to 4N level. The ratio of de-coppering was above 96%. The recovery ratio of gold was above 98.