Abstract: An embodiment is a method of recycling carbon fibers that includes: preparing a carbon fiber reinforced plastic formed product that includes a carbon fiber reinforced plastic containing a carbon fiber and a resin; thermally decomposing or dissolving the resin in the carbon fiber reinforced plastic formed product by a first heating process or a first dissolving process; and winding while drawing the carbon fiber from the carbon fiber reinforced plastic formed product after the first heating process or the first dissolving process. The winding further includes thermally decomposing or dissolving a residue of the resin attached to the carbon fiber by a second heating process or a second dissolving process and adding a sizing agent to the carbon fiber after the second heating process or the second dissolving process.

Abstract: High quality carbon nanochains or carbon nanotubes are produced by methods that include mixing a carbon-containing feedstock with a catalyst to form a feedstock/catalyst mixture, or coating a catalyst with a carbon-containing feedstock, and subjecting the feedstock/catalyst mixture or feedstock-coated catalyst to irradiation with a laser to convert the feedstock into carbon nanochains or carbon nanotubes in the presence of the catalyst. In some instances, the feedstock is converted to a char by pyrolysis and the char is instead subjected to laser irradiation. The carbon-containing feedstock can be a biomass or a carbonaceous material. In some instances, the catalyst is a metal salt, preferably a transition metal salt. In some instances, the catalyst is an elemental metal, an alloy, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing a nano-porous carbon material, comprising the following steps of: mixing polypyrrole nano-fibers with an activator, conducting microwave heating for reaction, and purifying to obtain the nano-porous carbon material. Compared with a conventional high-temperature carbonization method, the method for preparing the nano-porous carbon material of the present disclosure is simple in raw material, convenient to operate, less in time consumption and more suitable for mass preparation and production of the nano-porous carbon materials.

Abstract: Upgraded coal, method of forming the same, and graphene films and quantum dots made therefrom. A method of upgrading coal includes cleaning coal to form a cleaned coal residue. The method also includes (A) reacting the cleaned coal residue with an oxidizable inorganic metallic agent, or (B) reacting the cleaned coal residue with a reducing agent, or a combination thereof, to form the upgraded coal.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems of providing carbon nanotubes decorated with polymer coated metal nanoparticles. Then, annealing the metal coated carbon nanotubes to reduce a quantity of hydrophilic components of the polymer coating.

Abstract: A carbon nanoparticle and methods of making and using a carbon nanoparticle are provided. The carbon nanoparticle includes a reaction product of an organic reactant, an alkoxy amine, and an organometallic compound. The organometallic compound includes an element selected from the group consisting of a rare earth element, a transition metal element, and combinations thereof, and the carbon nanoparticle includes from 0.5 to 50 wt. % of the element. A method of making the carbon nanoparticle is also provided. The method includes combining the organic reactant, the alkoxy amine, and the organometallic compound into a mixture and heating the mixture such that the carbon nanoparticle forms. A method of determining a flow characteristic of a formation or an attribute of a fluid in a formation using the carbon nanoparticle is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention belongs to the technical field of biomass carbon materials, and relates to a lignin porous carbon nanosheet, a preparation method therefor, and an application thereof in supercapacitor electrode materials. The method of the present invention performs layer-by-layer self-assembly of sulfonated lignin and oxalate in a selective solvent to prepare a layer-by-layer self-assembled lignin/oxalate composite, which is then carbonized and pickled to obtain the lignin porous carbon nanosheets. The lignin porous carbon nanosheets prepared by the above method of the present invention have a specific surface area of 200-1500 m2/g, a micropore specific surface area of 100-500 m2/g, a mesoporous specific surface area of 100-1000 m2/g, a pore diameter of 0.5-30 nm, and a pore volume of 0.5-1.5 cm3/g; they can be applied to supercapacitor electrode materials, showing higher specific capacitance and excellent rate performance (with a specific capacitance retention rate of 76.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a polyimide film including unit polymers that are omnidirectionally distributed, and a polyimide film. The present invention also provides a graphite sheet having good quality manufactured using the polyimide film.

Abstract: The object of the present invention relates to a nanoparticulate aerosol generator comprising a compressed gas reservoir (1) connected to a nanoparticulate material receptacle (2) through an operational valve (8?), wherein said receptacle (2) comprises an outlet hole (3) for the aerosol. Advantageously, the outlet of said nanoparticulate material receptacle (2) is connected to or inserted into a pressurized aerosol distribution chamber (4) equipped with a hole (9) for the exit of said aerosol out of the chamber (4). The invention provides the possibility of using different types of nanoparticles with sizes less than 100 nanometers continuously over time during long production periods of more than three hours. The invention also relates to a method for continuously generating nanoparticulate aerosols associated with the mentioned generator.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of reduced graphene oxide from electrode graphite scrap including the provision of the graphite electrode scrap, the grinding of electrode graphite scrap to obtain ground graphite electrode, an oxidation step of the ground graphite electrode to obtain graphene oxide and the reduction into reduced graphene oxide.

Abstract: The carbon nanotube assembled wire includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes oriented at a degree of orientation of 0.9 or more and 1 or less.

Abstract: A nanostructure includes a plurality of substantially spherically curved carbon layers having diameters in a range of 1 nanometer to 1000 nanometers and a plurality of halogen atoms attached to an outer convex side of the carbon layers. A composition of matter includes a liquid fuel and an additive including at least one liquid and a plurality of carbon nano-onions. A method of fabricating an additive for liquid fuel includes creating a carbon-based material using a plasma in an environment including at least one hydrocarbon gas and/or at least one liquid containing hydrocarbons, organometallic metal-complex, and/or element-organic compounds, evaporating organic material from the carbon-based material, halogenating the carbon-based material, and extracting carbon nano-onions from the halogenated carbon-based material.

Abstract: A water-based graphene dispersion is made by shear stabilization. The method of preparing the water-based graphene dispersion using shear stabilization includes adding a composition containing a graphene powder, a super wetter surfactant and a water dispersible rheology agent into water to form an aqueous mixture; and shearing the aqueous mixture under high pressures to break down the thick layers of the graphene powder to thin layers of graphene platelet particles and to form the water-based graphene dispersion with the graphene platelet particles dispersed in the water-based graphene dispersion. The water-based graphene dispersion is stable without visible phase separation after storage at room temperature for at least one year or even more than one year.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are pristine graphene sheets with columns formed of fullerene nanotubes between the graphene sheets for use as body armor, semiconductor, battery anode, solar panels, heat sinks, structural concrete members, structural steel members, precast concrete structural members, bridges, highways, streets, skyscrapers, sidewalks, foundations, dams, industrial plants, canals, airports, structural composites, aircraft, military equipment, and civil infrastructure.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process and an apparatus for synthesizing multiwall carbon nanotubes from high molecular polymeric wastes. The process comprises using induction heating in combination with catalytic chemical vapour deposition (CVD) with an array of catalytic materials to synthesize high value carbon nanotubes with better yield and purity from high molecular polymeric wastes.

Abstract: The present application describes a sensor apparatus based on chemically functionalized graphene as the sensing materials. The sensing materials is modified from graphene oxide with unique chemical process to form a group of graphene derivatives, e.g. butylamine, hexylamine, decylamine, dodecylamine, benzylamine etc., to detect volatile and non-volatile compounds, e.g. toluene, ethylacetate, ethanol, acetone, hexane etc. with high sensitivity. Pattern recognition algorithms and methods, e.g. PCA, are coupled with the sensors for detecting and quantifying specific chemical compounds. Methods of using the sensor apparatus in applications such as diagnosis of disease and food quality control are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for preparing carbon black from pyrolysis char of waste tires by a molten salt thermal treatment and a product thereof are provided. The method includes heating one or two groups of a metal chloride salt group and a metal sulfate group to obtain a molten salt; adding pyrolysis char of waste tires into the molten salt and subjecting same to a molten salt thermal treatment under a preset reaction atmosphere; after the reaction is complete, separating the reaction product to obtain a secondary molten salt and treated pyrolysis char, washing the treated pyrolysis char with hot water and then drying same so as to obtain carbon black, and at the same time, recycling the secondary molten salt.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of making carbon fiber, the method comprising pyrolyzing poly(p-phenylene) (PPP) fiber at a temperature sufficient to convert PPP fiber substantially to carbon fiber. The disclosure also relates to pre-PPP polymer, methods for making PPP fiber from pre-PPP polymer and, in turn, making carbon fiber from PPP fiber.

Abstract: A method embodiment involves preparing single metal or mixed transition metal chalcogenide using exfoliation of two or more different bulk transition metal dichalcogenides in a manner to form an intermediate hetero-layered transition metal chalcogenide structure, which can be treated to provide a single-phase transition metal chalcogenide.

Abstract: One aspect of the present application relates to a method of synthesizing a thermoplastic polymer. This method includes providing a depolymerized lignin product comprising monomers and oligomers and producing lignin (meth)acrylate monomers and oligomers from the depolymerized lignin product. A thermoplastic lignin (meth)acrylate polymer is then formed by free radical polymerization of the lignin (meth)acrylate monomers and oligomers. The present application also relates to a branched chain thermoplastic lignin (meth)acrylate polymer which includes a chain transfer agent. The thermoplastic lignin based polymers of the present application can be used to prepare carbon fibers, and engineering thermoplastics. Mixtures of lignin (meth)acrylate monomers and oligomers are also disclosed.