Abstract: A primary battery includes a cathode having an alkali-deficient nickel oxide including metals such as Ca, Mg, Al, Co, Y, Mn, and/or non-metals such as B, Si, Ge, or a combination of metal and/or non-metal atoms; a combination of metal atoms; an anode; a separator between the cathode and the anode; and an alkaline electrolyte.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell that generates electric power using fuel gas and oxygen-containing gas and combusts fuel gas remaining unused for generation of electric power; a fuel gas supply line that supplies the fuel gas to the fuel cell; and an on-off valve disposed in the fuel gas supply line. A shutdown transition mode in which the fuel gas in the fuel gas supply line downstream from the on-off valve is supplied to the fuel cell at a flow rate smaller than that at a time of generation of electric power and is combusted therein after the on-off valve is closed, and a shutdown mode which is started after the shutdown transition mode are provided as an emergency shutdown mode in which the fuel cell undergoes emergency shutdown when the on-off valve of the fuel gas supply line is closed.

Abstract: A negative electrode terminal for a battery in which a first metal layer and a second metal layer hardly separate from each other is provided by inhibiting an intermetallic compound from being formed between the first metal layer and the second metal layer. This negative electrode terminal (8) for a battery is composed of a clad material formed by bonding a first metal layer (80), made of Al, including a first region connected with a battery terminal connecting plate and an adjacent second region on the same surface side as the first region and a second metal layer (81), made of Ni, connected with battery negative electrodes, while the second metal layer is arranged to be stacked on the first metal layer in the second region of the first metal layer.

Abstract: A process for forming a surface-treatment layer on an electroactive material includes heating the electroactive material and exposing the electroactive material to a reducing gas to form a surface-treatment layer on the electroactive material, where the surface-treatment layer is a layer of partial reduction of the electroactive material.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The separator includes a substrate having a first side facing the negative electrode and a second side facing the positive electrode. A first layer is positioned on the first side of the substrate and includes an organic material, and a second layer is positioned on the second side of the substrate and includes an inorganic material.

Abstract: A silicon-based anode comprising silicon, a carbon coating that coats the surface of the silicon, a polyvinyl acid that binds to at least a portion of the silicon, and vinylene carbonate that seals the interface between the silicon and the polyvinyl acid. Because of its properties, polyvinyl acid binders offer improved anode stability, tunable properties, and many other attractive attributes for silicon-based anodes, which enable the anode to withstand silicon cycles of expansion and contraction during charging and discharging.

Abstract: Provided is an electrode assembly, and more particularly, an electrode assembly having a structure wound in a state, in which a plurality of unit cells having a stacking structure is disposed on a long sheet type separation film, and including the unit cells having two or more types of configurations of electrode materials, wherein a separator stacked on the unit cell having a stacking structure has a coating material coated on both sides thereof and the long sheet type separation film has a coating material coated on one side thereof. According to the present invention, an electrode assembly improving processability of preparation of a battery while reducing initial resistance during the preparation of the battery as well as having battery lifetime equivalent to that of a conventional battery and a lithium secondary battery including the electrode assembly may be provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to articles (e.g., containers, battery packs, etc.) including a lithium material (e.g., one or more lithium-containing batteries) housed therein. The articles include sulfur hexafluoride located within an interior compartment of the article to provide an inert atmosphere within the interior compartment. The present disclosure is also related to methods of inerting such articles (e.g., containers, battery packs, etc.) with sulfur hexafluoride. Additionally, the present disclosure is related to conveyed (e.g., pumped, blown, etc.) looped cooling apparatuses and systems.

Abstract: A battery capable of improving the cycle characteristics even if the thickness of an anode active material layer is increased is provided. The battery includes a cathode, an anode and an electrolytic solution. The anode has an anode active material layer on an anode current collector, and the anode active material layer contains a carbon material and has a thickness of 30 ?m or more. The electrolytic solution contains a solvent and an electrolyte salt, and the solvent contains at least one of sulfone compounds such as a cyclic disulfonic acid anhydride.

Abstract: Electroactive compositions are disclosed for use in lithium ion battery electrodes. The compositions, such as multifunctional mixed metal olivines, provide an electrochemical cell having a plurality of open circuit voltages at different states of charge. The compositions afford improved state-of-charge monitoring, overcharge protection and/or overdischarge protection for lithium ion batteries.

Abstract: A galvanic cell having a lithium metal or an alloy comprising a lithium metal as anode material, having an electrolyte comprising lithium bis(oxalate)borate and at least one other lithium complex salt in an aprotic solvent or solvent mixture, in the ratio of lithium complex salt in the conducting salt equals 0.01 to 20 mol %.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery having an improved penetration characteristic of an external short-circuit current in an electrode assembly by reducing an external short-circuit current. A rechargeable battery including an electrode assembly including a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode; a case containing the electrode assembly; a cap plate covering an opening of the case; an electrode terminal protruding outside the case and electrically connected to the second electrode; and a resistance member between and electrically connecting the electrode terminal and the cap plate.

Abstract: An operation method of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell system including an anode (3) supplied with a fuel gas containing hydrogen, a cathode (4) supplied with an oxidizing gas containing oxygen, and a polymer electrolyte membrane (5) sandwiched between the anode (3) and the cathode (4), comprises supplying to the anode (3) the fuel gas humidified with a higher level than the oxidizing gas to cause the anode (3) to have a humidified state with a higher level than the cathode (4), in start-up of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell system.

Abstract: A PEM fuel system includes a fuel cell stack comprising one or more PEM fuel cells and fan configured to provide process air to supply oxidizer to and cool the fuel cell stack. The system has an air duct coupled to the fan and the fuel cell stack, and an electrical service load coupled to the fuel cell stack for receiving electrical power generated from reactions within the fuel cell stack. The system further includes as auxiliary electrical load coupled to the fuel cell stack and located within the air duct to reduce potentials across the fuel cell stack. The air duct is configured to direct the flow of air to the fuel cell stack and auxiliary electrical load to provide cooling air to the fuel cell stack and auxiliary electrical load.

Abstract: A vent cap gang includes a plurality of vent caps to be received in respective vent ports formed in a battery cover. Each of the vent caps includes a cylindrical body having first pin located at an axial center thereof and a second pin offset from the axial center. A plurality of elongate members is operably coupled to each of the vent caps by the first and second pins. An actuator is operably coupled to the elongate members and at least one of the vent caps to cause simultaneous rotational movement of the vent caps.

Abstract: Lithium-ion electrochemical cells are provided that include a positive electrode that includes a lithium metal oxide or a lithium metal phosphate, a negative electrode capable of intercalating or alloying with lithium, and an electrolyte that includes an additive. The additive includes a multifunctional anion that has the formula, X—SO2—Rf—SO2—Y, wherein X and Y are, independently, either O— or RfSO2N—, Rf is a straight or branched fluoroalkyl moiety having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and can, optionally, contain one or more in-chain heteroatoms, wherein Rf is a straight or branched chain or cyclic fluoroalkylene having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and can, optionally, contain one or more in-chain heteroatoms, and wherein both Rf and Rf have a maximum of 20% non-fluorine substituents. The provided additives can improve the performance, hydrolytic stability, and thermal stability of the provided electrochemical cells.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a mandrel configured to be used in a winding process for manufacturing a jelly roll type electrode assembly using a long sheet type stack of a cathode/separator/anode structure, wherein the mandrel is oval in a section perpendicular to a rotational central axis of the mandrel and is divided into a first mandrel part located at one side of a central region of the mandrel, in which an end of the sheet type stack is fixedly fitted, and a second mandrel part located at the other side of the central region of the mandrel, and the first mandrel part and the second mandrel part each include a main body part having a region in which the sheet type stack is fitted in an engaged state and an exchange part, detachably mounted to the main body part, having an end of a major axis of the mandrel.

Abstract: A flexible battery includes at least one electrochemical cell for generating an electrical current, including a cathode collector layer, a cathode layer, an anode layer, and an optional anode collector layer, some or all of which are formed of a dried or cured ink. A first substrate includes a pair of opposed side portions. A first electrode contact is provided that is electrically coupled to the cathode collector layer and is disposed along one of the pair of opposed side portions of the first substrate, and a second electrode contact is provided that is electrically coupled to the anode layer and is disposed along the other of the pair of opposed side portions of the first substrate. The cathode collector layer includes a geometry having a height and a width such that the number of squares is approximately 5 or less.

Abstract: An electrode structure of a lithium battery is provided for electrically connecting a positive pole and a negative pole in a tank of the lithium battery to the external. The electrode structure includes a lid body and at least one electrode body made of sheet metal material. The electrode body has a wrapped portion disposed in the lid body, two ends of the wrapped portion form bent portions respectively, and a connection portion and an output portion extend respectively from the bent portions to protrude from a surface of the lid body. A conductive electrode structure of the lithium battery is formed by wrapping instead of direct penetrating, thus achieving a hermetic effect of conductive positions of the electrode.

Abstract: A cell unit of a fuel cell includes a first membrane electrode assembly, a first metal separator, a second membrane electrode assembly, and a second metal separator. A resin frame member is provided integrally with an outer circumference of the first membrane electrode assembly. An oxygen-containing gas supply passage, a fuel gas supply passage, a coolant supply passage, an oxygen-containing gas discharge passage, a fuel gas discharge passage, and a coolant discharge passage extend through the resin frame member in a stacking direction. At each of both ends of the resin frame member in a longitudinal direction, a pair of projections are provided. The projections protrude toward both sides in a lateral direction.