Abstract: An injector arrangement is disclosed for injecting a prevaporized fuel-air mixture into the cylinder of an internal combustion piston engine, the injector comprising an auxiliary piston and cylinder arrangement associated with each cylinder of the internal combustion engine and adapted to act as the combustion chamber for the piston and cylinder with which it is associated, as well as to inject a charge of compressed prevaporized fuel into the auxiliary cylinder acting as a combustion chamber. The compressor arrangement includes an auxiliary double acting piston disposed in the auxiliary cylinder, which cylinder is in communication with the main cylinder at its top, the auxiliary double acting piston being reciprocated by a linkage driven by the engine so as to be reciprocated at one-half the cyclical speed of the reciprocation of the main piston and cylinder.

Abstract: A starting arrangement for a pressure-charged internal-combustion engine in which at the beginning of the starting phase combustion air is delivered to the engine by way of a bypass valve and a throttle valve in the charge-air line from the pressure-charging device is closed. Two mutually independent variables are used for controlling the opening of the throttle valve. At the end of the starting phase a command variable typical of the process e.g., charge air pressure is used to initiate an opening of the throttle valve and an engine-dependent operating variable e.g., engine lubricating oil pressure is then used to actually move the throttle valve to its open position, the throttle valve then remaining in the open position so long as the engine-dependent operating variable does not fall below a specified minimum value.

Abstract: Construction of a carburetor used in a stratified charge combustion engine, wherein: flow division control means are dispensed with; and a main and an auxiliary discharge valves are made to have the flow division control functions by themselves, that is, air-fuel ratios of mixtures produced in a main air intake passage and an auxiliary air intake passage, respectively, are adapted to be varied in response to the change of the flow rate of intake air into the associated engine by changing the respective flow rate characteristics of the main and auxiliary discharge valves; thereby eliminating the drawback of decreased accuracy in actual operation of a carburetor used in a stratified charge combustion engine having said flow division control means.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a main combustion chamber and an auxiliary combustion chamber connected by a torch opening has a first carburetor for supplying a lean mixture to the main combustion chamber and a second carburetor for supplying a rich mixture to the auxiliary combustion chamber. A turbo supercharger is operatively positioned between the first carburetor and the main combustion chamber. When the engine is operating under low load, the lean mixture is bypassed around the supercharger. When the engine is operating under high load, all of the lean mixture passes through the supercharger and a second bypass is opened so that the supercharged lean mixture is delivered to both combustion chambers.

Abstract: A fuel delivery system for an internal combustion engine of the compression ignition-fuel injected type, in which the fuel delivery system includes an arrangement for externally vaporizing the fuel before injection, the arrangement comprising a mixing chamber within which is directed a quantity of compressed air or other gas, and into which is atomized a variable proportion of fuel to form a vaporized fuel-gas mixture. A constant volume of the vaporized fuel-gas mixture is injected into the engine cylinders with the ratio of the vaporized fuel-gas mixture injected into the chambers varied to control the power output of the engine, so that the fuel injectors can be of constant volume design.

Abstract: A torch ignition type internal combustion engine which has no intake valve in the auxiliary combustion chamber and which can effectively purge exhaust gases from the auxiliary combustion chamber to eliminate ignition failures, the engine comprising a cylinder; a cylinder head having a semi-spherical inner wall; a reciprocating piston snugly received in the cylinder; a main combustion chamber defined between the cylinder head and piston and having intake and exhaust valves to control intake and exhaust ports in the cylinder head; an auxiliary combustion chamber provided at a suitable position in the cylinder head; and a passage intercommunicating the main and auxiliary combustion chambers. The passage opens into the main combustion chamber at a position close to one of the intake valve and the exhaust valve. In one embodiment, the passage opens into the main combustion chamber at a position close to and substantially intermediate the intake and exhaust valves.

Abstract: A control circuit for a fuel-injected internal combustion engine provides a substitute program for generation of fuel injection control pulses during engine starts at low temperatures. The substitute injection control pulses are made dependent on the ambient or engine temperature in the sense that, the lower the temperature, the greater is the length of the injection pulses, i.e., the larger is the quantity of initially injected fuel. The length of the injection pulses also depends on the elapsed duration of the engine starting attempt in the sense of gradually reducing the injected fuel quantity as the unsuccessful engine cranking proceeds. A fully opened throttle during engine cranking signals a flooded engine condition and completely interrupts fuel injection.

Abstract: A two-part variable compression ratio cylinder is provided having inner and outer sleeves wherein relative movement between the sleeves varies the volume of the combustion chamber and hence varies the compression ratio of the engine. Hydraulic means responsive to the pressure in the combustion chamber automatically varies the position of the inner and outer sleeves to regulate the combustion chamber volume. The hydraulic controls are located entirely in the cylinder head facilitating the conversion of any internal combustion engine without altering the piston size.

Abstract: The exhaust valve is provided with an air gap which extends axially of a sleeve-like member to which the hot exhaust gases from the combustion chamber passes. The air gap serves to impede heat exchange between the coolant which cools the valve seat surface of the sleeve-like member and the hot gases passing over the inner surface of the sleeve-like member.

Abstract: A two-part variable compression ratio cylinder is provided having inner and outer sleeves wherein relative movement between the sleeves varies the volume of the combustion chamber and hence varies the compression ratio of the engine. Hydraulic means responsive to the pressure in the combustion chamber automatically varies the position of the inner and outer sleeves to regulate the combustion chamber volume. The cylinder is adaptable to engines of any type.

Abstract: An internal combustion piston engine has a prechamber or auxiliary chamber associated with each main combustion chamber and connected thereto by a plurality of torch openings. Ignition of a relatively rich mixture in the auxiliary chamber causes flames to be projected through the torch openings to ignite the relatively lean mixture in the main combustion chamber. At least three torch openings are provided in the bottom wall of the auxiliary chamber; one is directed toward the main intake valve in the main combustion chamber, another is directed toward the exhaust valve in the main combustion chamber, and a third directs a flame toward a region of the main combustion chamber remote from both valves. Additional torch openings are employed for larger engines. The relative positions of the torch openings are defined as well as their total cross sectional area compared to the volume of the auxiliary combustion chamber.

Abstract: For improving the efficiency of an Otto cycle engine operating under varying loads, an opposing piston is provided above the driving piston in each cylinder and is controlled in accordance with the inlet manifold depression so as to vary the compression ratio and maintain the compression substantially constant with different working loads.

Abstract: A two-cycle internal combustion engine having reed-type intake valving, and multiple injector passages and porting constructed and arranged to improve various of the operating characteristics of the engine, and particularly adapted to increase the effectiveness of fuel injection through the injector passages.

Abstract: A two-stroke piston engine and method in which oil-free air is mixed prior to ignition with oil-free fuel, by means of a venturi. The engine is lubricated by utilizing the pressure which the piston exerts in the crankcase to draw an air-oil mix into the crankcase and then to push the air and oil out while filtering the air with a rotary filter, to return the oil to a suitable reservoir, the oil-free air being sent to the venturi. Fuel enrichment, as for cold starting, is caused by placing air pressure on a fuel-containing bowl ahead of the venturi so as to increase the flow of fuel into the venturi, rather than by reducing the amount of air as is done with a conventional choke plate.

Abstract: A cylinder with cross inlet and exhaust ports contains a combination piston and rod having on its piston end a piston head or face and slidably attached sealing sleeve, and its other end is rotatable via a rod bearing attached to a crankshaft. The rotational motion of the rod with the crankshaft imparts an undulating movement to the piston head during its stroke motion and, in unison with the slidably attached sealing sleeve, effects a sequence wherein the exhaust ports open ahead of the inlet and close before the inlet closes.

Abstract: A cylinder head of an internal combustion engine is formed with concavity. Two flat protruded portions are formed on the spherical surface of the concavity and their planes intersect each other at a location slightly below the vertex of the spherical surface. At the two flat protruded portions, intake and exhaust valve seats are disposed. A combustion chamber is defined by the spherical surface, the surfaces of the flat protruded portions and the piston crown.

Abstract: This device pertains to an automatically adjustable length connecting rod, as applied to each cylinder of an internal combustion engine designed to operate at variable speed and torque outputs.The purpose of the adjustable length connecting rod is to substantially maintain the level of compression of the fuel mixture over a wide range of speed and torque requirements by means of varying the compression ratio.Automatic adjustment and locking of the length of the connecting rod is accomplished by means of a hydraulic cylinder within the connecting rod. Pressure is applied during a suitable portion of the intake stroke to lengthen the connecting rod. Compression stroke pressure buildup overcomes a relief valve during a suitable portion of the compression stroke to adjust the length of the connecting rod. The connecting rod length is hydraulically locked except during the two short periods of adjustment per cycle.

Abstract: A gaseous fuel is used in a precombustion chamber for igniting lean fuel-oxidant mixtures in a main combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.The precombustion chamber preferably utilizes a highly combustible gaseous fuel which burns clean with little or no deposits and produces no pollutants.The combustion gas products from the precombustion chamber are injected into the main combustion chamber at high temperature and at high velocity to produce highly efficient turbulent mixing of a lean fuel-oxidant mixture in the main combustion chamber and to produce effective ignition and efficient burning of the fuel at the lean fuel-oxidant ratios in the main combustion chamber for increased engine efficiency and lowered emissions as compared to existing engine systems using conventional spark ignition.The precombustion chamber mechanism incorporates injection structure for producing standing waves in the main combustion chamber to provide a plurality of highly effective ignition points.

Abstract: A piston-type internal combustion engine is described including a variable valve timing device controlling the timing of the intake valve, a coupling between the accelerator pedal and the variable timing device for varying the timing of the intake valve in response to the movement of the accelerator pedal, and means for maintaining a substantially constant compression ratio in the cylinder notwithstanding variations in the engine output. The latter means comprises a floating piston crown which is permitted to move further inwardly into the cylinder at the end of the compression stroke when the delay in closing the intake-valve is increased, than when the delay is decreased.

Abstract: The subject fuel injection means, disclosed herein with one of various types of internal combustion engines with which it may be employed, comprises a fuel pumping plunger, the pumping stroke of which is controlled by an inclined surface of a manually operable slide element. Said plunger is urged in a pumping direction by fluid pressure applied thereto from compression generated in the engine's combustion chamber and is spring biased in a non-pumping direction. A solenoid, operationally timed to the rotation of the engine's crankshaft, coacts with the pumping plunger to assure starting of the plunger's pumping stroke in proper timed relation to the compression and firing of an explosive charge in the engine's combustion chamber. In said pumping stroke, the plunger closes a fuel inlet to a related pump chamber and forces fuel from said pump chamber, past a one way check valve and into the engine's combustion chamber.