Abstract: The invention relates to signals representing energy of photons or particles of ionizing radiation incident on pixels of a semiconductor detector. Cross talk between the signals from different pixels is compensated using cross talk compensation signatures in the form of time domain series or functions which are aligned and applied to the cross talk signal in accordance with timing of the event which gave rise to the cross talk.

Abstract: A gas concentration sensor is includes an integrated die-form electromagnetic radiation source and an integrated die-form infrared detector. In one or more implementations, the gas concentration sensor includes a package substrate defining at least one aperture, a gas permeable mesh coupled to the package substrate and covering at least a portion of the at least one aperture, a die-form electromagnetic radiation source positioned in an interior region of the package substrate, a die-form detector positioned in the interior region of the package substrate, and control circuitry operably coupled to the die-form detector and configured to detect and calibrate one or more signal outputs from the die-form detector to determine a gas concentration within the interior region of the package substrate. The gas concentration sensor can be configured for specific detection of various gases through control of the spectral wavelengths emitted by the electromagnetic radiation source(s) and/or detected by the detector(s).

Abstract: Methods and apparatus relating to a pyroelectric IR (PIR) motion sensor are provided. The provided PIR motion sensor can be used to determine an angular position of a moving person relative to the PIR motion sensor. The provided PIR motion sensor can be used to determine a proximity of a moving person relative to the PIR motion sensor. The angular position and the proximity can be used to identify a false alarm, estimate occupancy of a region, enable tracking of a target, and the like. In an example, the provided PIR motion sensor includes multiple PIR sensors and a Fresnel lens including lenslets configured to direct received IR radiation to at least two of the PIR sensors.

Abstract: A method comprising: capturing, by an electronic device, a first incident light sample and generating an image based on the first incident light sample; capturing, by the electronic device, a second incident light sample and identifying a light source type associated with the second incident light sample; and adjusting a white balance of the image according to the light source type.

Abstract: Disclosed and described herein are embodiments and methods of use of a gamma ray spectroscope. In one aspect the gamma ray spectroscope comprises a scintillator for receiving radiation and a solid-state photomultiplier for detecting and amplifying light emitted by the scintillator in response to the received radiation, wherein an electrical output signal is provided by the photomultiplier that is proportional to the received radiation.

Abstract: A system that detects an irregular physiological response while being exposed to sensitive data includes: a head-mounted display (HMD), an inward-facing head-mounted thermal camera (CAM), and a computer. The HMD exposes sensitive data to the user who wears the HMD. The CAM takes thermal measurements of a region of interest (THROI) on the user's face while the user is exposed to the sensitive data. And the computer detects, based on certain THROI taken while the user was exposed to certain sensitive data, whether the user experienced the irregular physiological response while being exposed to the certain sensitive data.

Abstract: A temperature measuring method and device is capable of measuring temperature of a gas, and particularly temperature of a gas that contains water vapor, in a non-contact manner and with good precision. A spectroscopic unit 10 acquires at least a light intensity in a first wavelength band and a light intensity in a second wavelength band, from radiated light from water vapor that is an object to be measured. The first wavelength band and the second wavelength band are both near infrared region bands. A central wavelength of the first wavelength band and a central wavelength of the second wavelength band are set to be mutually different values. A temperature calculation unit calculates temperature of water vapor using a ratio of light intensity in the first wavelength band to light intensity in the second wavelength band.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave generator includes a 2DEG plate, a first resistor, a second resistor, a source and a floating plate and a dielectric body. The 2DEG plate is configured to form a 2DEG channel. The first resistor is connected to one side node of the 2DEG plate. The second resistor is connected to an opposite side node of the 2DEG plate. The source is disposed between the second resistor and a ground and configured to apply electric power to the 2DEG plate. The floating plate is configured to generate an electromagnetic wave using electric dipoles formed by the 2DEG channel. The dielectric body is formed between the 2DEG plate and the floating plate.

Abstract: A compact, low cost FTIR spectrometer with no moving parts includes an interferometer having optical paths through silicon waveguides. The optical path lengths are varied by changing the temperature and/or carrier density of at least one of the waveguides. In embodiments, the interferometer is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Embodiments vary both optical path lengths in opposite directions. In embodiments, a germanium or InGaAs IR detector is grown on the same wafer as the waveguides. Embodiments include a laser pump, such as a COT CW diode laser, and wavelength mixer, such as an OPGaAs or OPGaP converter, for up and/or down converting measured IR wavelengths into a range compatible with the waveguide and detector materials. The wavelength mixer can be a waveguide. Embodiments include a sample compartment and an IR source such as a glowbar. In embodiments, the sample compartment can be exposed to ambient atmosphere for analysis of gases contained therein.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to fluorescent marking compositions and their use to determine whether a surface has been cleaned. More particularly, the marking compositions comprise fluorescent polymers.

Abstract: System and method that identify atypical behavior of a user. One embodiment of the system includes an eye tracker to perform tracking of a user's gaze while viewing items, an inward-facing head-mounted thermal camera to take thermal measurements of a region of interest on the face (THROI) of the user, and a computer. The computer generates feature values based on THROI and the tracking, and utilizes a model to identify atypical behavior of the user based on the feature values. The model may be trained based on previous tracking and previous THROI of the user, taken while viewing other items.

Abstract: The present specification describes an improved multi-energy radiation detector. In one embodiment, the signal generated by the detection medium is converted to digital form directly at the point of signal collection. This avoids the need for power intensive high bandwidth amplifiers and analog-to-digital converters, as it integrates the sensing device and signal processing onto the same silicon substrate to reduce the number of components in the system. In one embodiment, a single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) is coupled directly to a threshold detector to achieve an intrinsically low power and low noise detector.

Abstract: A radiation detection apparatus including a scintillator layer configured to convert radiation into light; a light sensor layer including a plurality of light sensors configured to detect light emitted from the scintillator layer; and a reflection layer configured to reflect light emitted from the scintillator layer. The scintillator layer is arranged between the light sensor layer and the reflection layer. The following condition is satisfied: 0.375?(100?x)/(100?y(%))<3.75 where the average conversion efficiency in a region of 25% of the thickness of the scintillator layer from a reflection layer side is set to 100 as a reference, x is the average conversion efficiency in a region of 25% of the thickness of the scintillator layer from a light sensor layer side, and y (%) is the reflectance of the reflection layer.

Abstract: The technique introduced herein decouples the traditional relationship between bandwidth and responsivity, thereby providing a more flexible and wider photodetector design space. In certain embodiments of the technique introduced here, a photodetector device includes a first mirror, a second mirror, and a light absorption region positioned between the first and second reflective mirrors. For example, the first mirror can be a partial mirror, and the second mirror can be a high-reflectivity mirror. The light absorption region is positioned to absorb incident light that is passed through the first mirror and reflected between the first and second mirrors. The first mirror can be configured to exhibit a reflectivity that causes an amount of light energy that escapes from the first mirror, after the light being reflected back by the second mirror, to be zero or near zero.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining density of fluid returning from a wellbore (“return fluid”) during drilling of the wellbore being drilled using a drill string having a drill bit at an end thereof is disclosed. The apparatus in one embodiment includes a first nucleonic densitometer placed on outside of a return line carrying the return fluid from the wellbore that includes drilling fluid supplied to the drill string and cuttings cut by the drill bit during drilling of the wellbore and a processor that determines the density the return fluid from measurements provided by first nucleonic densitometer.

Abstract: A motion sensor includes a sensor element to sense a motion, and a controller communicably coupled to the sensor element. The controller is configured to set a detection sensitivity of the motion sensor to a maximum setting of the detection sensitivity. The controller is further configured to decrease the detection sensitivity of the motion sensor upon a detection of the motion until the motion is undetectable by the motion sensor at a decreased setting of the detection sensitivity. The controller is further configured to increase the detection sensitivity of the motion sensor until the motion sensor detects the motion at an increased setting of the detection sensitivity and to set the detection sensitivity of the motion sensor to a new setting based on the increased setting.

Abstract: Determining a value indicative of hydrogen index. At least some of the example embodiments are methods including obtaining an inelastic count rate and a capture count rate of a gamma detector for a particular borehole depth in a formation, calculating a ratio of an inelastic count rate to a capture count rate for the particular borehole depth, and determining a value indicative of hydrogen index based on the ratio of the inelastic count rate to the capture count rate for the particular borehole depth.

Abstract: A system for labeling an object uses at least one object label made from a material that absorbs and reflects incident energy uniformly across all wavelengths of incident energy at a ratio proportional to a thickness of the material and that includes a pattern having variations in the thickness of the material along at least one of two orthogonal directions across the label. An interrogator directs a predetermined wavelength of radiation to the at least one label, and a reader to receives reflected radiation from the label at the predetermined wavelength and interprets the reflected radiation to recognize the pattern.

Abstract: A solution for evaluating a sample gas for a presence of a trace gas, such as ozone, is provided. The solution uses an ultraviolet source and an ultraviolet detector mounted in a chamber. The chamber can include reflecting walls and/or structures configured to guide ultraviolet light. A computer system can operate the ultraviolet source in a high power pulse mode and acquire data corresponding to an intensity of the ultraviolet radiation detected by the ultraviolet detector while a sample gas is present in the chamber. Using the data, the computer system can determine a presence and/or an amount of the trace gas in the sample gas.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a scintillator, method for manufacturing the same and applications of scintillator. The scintillator has a chemical formula of Tl2ABC6:yCe, wherein A includes at least one alkali element; B includes at least one trivalent element; C includes at least one halogen element; and y is equal to or greater than 0 and equal to or smaller than 1.