Abstract: An apparatus of conducting electrophoresis experiments including a container for receiving an electrophoresis buffer and a buffer core assembly for holding gel-containing cassettes that are immersed in the buffer for molecular separation of an electrophoresis sample. The buffer core assembly defines a flow path for the electrophoresis buffer which can be circulated by means of a heat exchanger and a pump to effect controlled heat exchange between the buffer and the cassette surfaces thereby maintaining the gel and the electrophoresis process at a desirable temperature uniformly over the surfaces of the gel cassette. The buffer core assembly also has upper well for receiving a second electrically chargeable buffer in contact with the gel so as to impose an electric field on the gel for the electrophoresis in conjunction with the first buffer. The well is isolated from the first buffer to prevent mixing of the buffers and to reduce the risk of an electrical short.

Abstract: A low-cost compost bin with air tubes or air panels which is easy to assemble and use. The bin is comprised of two flexible sheets which form a cylinder. Two openings are located on opposing sides of the cylinder. As material to be composted is piled in the bin, perforated air tubes are positioned at vertically spaced intervals in the composting matter. The air tubes are placed in the composting matter so that each end of the tube faces one of the openings. The air tubes provide sufficient oxygen to the composting mass and therefore, no manual turning, stirring or tumbling is required.