Abstract: A control unit installed in a vehicle, particularly a control unit to control an internal combustion engine (ICE) thereof, has within its already present computation stage, a program store or program memory (PS, 2b') which stores a test program (TP) therein. The program store (PS) also includes an operating program memory (OP) used to control operation of the vehicle and/or the ICE thereof. The test apparatus includes a test computer and comparator (1) and a simulation and measuring unit which applies simulated input signals to the vehicular control unit, for example sequentially and only to single inputs thereof. The test program within the vehicular control unit is then run under control of the test computer and forwards the data referring to the applied signals via the serial interface 5 to the test computer 1 for evaluation.

Abstract: A package structure comprising a metallic cap having a bottom wall to which the bottom surface of the semiconductor chip is electrically and mechanically connected, a side wall extending from said bottom wall and surrounding the semiconductor chip, and a flange extending outwardly from said side wall substantially parallel to said bottom wall, said flange supporting the lead conductors thereon through an electrically insulating material. The electrical connection means is disposed between the metallic cap flange and the lead conductor for establishing an electrical connection therebetween. The electrical connection means may comprise an electrically conductive projection formed on the flange of the metal cap, extending through a notch in the insulating material and electrically connected to the lead conductor.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling steering of wheels of a vehicle comprises a control means, a driving means, and an actuator means. The control means comprises a feed forward signal operating means, a feed back signal operating means for generating signals for variables representing vehicle behaviors and output from a vehicle behavior sensor, and a control signal operating means for calculating a difference or sum of the signals output from the feed forwad and feedback signal operating means. The feed forward signal operating means comprises a steering angle signal circuit, a steering angular velocity signal operating circuit, a steering angle signal operating circuit having a first coefficient circuit for multiplying a steering angle signal with a coefficient, and an adder for adding the outputs from the steering angle signal circuit, the steering angle signal operating circuit, and the steering angular velocity operating circuit.

Abstract: A device and method for magnetizing a material having a magnetic constituent. In a preferred embodiment, a ferromagnetic film and a first film are selectively deposited at first and second locations on the material. The ferromagnetic film is magnetized in a first direction. A voltage source is coupled between the ferromagnetic and first films to enable a spin-polarized current to flow through the material to magnetize the material.

Abstract: The energy consumption of a data processing apparatus, having a data processing element with an operating mode and a stop mode, in which latter mode RAM contents are saved but all other chip functions are inoperative, can be minimized by switching between the two modes and by adjusting the oscillator's frequency at the optimal value, depending among others, on the data processing apparatus' task.

Abstract: A semiconductor device which includes a substrate, a semiconductor element mounted on the substrate, a cap having an opening smaller than the external size of the semiconductor element for covering the semiconductor element to provide a hermetic seal, and a heatsink member mounted on the cap covering the opening and making contact with the semiconductor element via the opening. Heat generated by the semiconductor element is conducted directly to the heatsink member. A method of producing the semiconductor device includes mounting the semiconductor element onto the substrate, covering the semiconductor element with a cap which is fixed to the substrate, and mounting the heatsink member on the cap for covering the opening and making contact with the semicondutor element via the opening.