Abstract: A method (500) of baud detection in a communication device (700) includes the steps of sorting phase pulses among overlapping sets of time slots (502) and counting phase pulses within each of the overlapping sets of time slots creating corresponding counter values (504). Then, counter values are compared with predetermined thresholds (506-512), wherein a baud pass condition (570) is met when at least one counter has a counter value exceeding an upper threshold and wherein a counter N/2 positions away has a counter value below a lower threshold. The baud pass condition may he further conditioned on meeting the requirement that at least another counter value falls below a middle threshold.

Abstract: A method of accomplishing switchover from an inservice local to a remote NP (Network Processor) is described. The remote NP is periodically updated with configuration data obtained from the inservice local NP. Switchover from the local inservice NP to the remote NP is initiated. Communications between the remote NP and a plurality of NEs (Network Elements) is established nonsynchronously. The local NP is notified that the remote NP is established as an inservice NP.

Abstract: A simple and efficient serial interface transmission structure according to the invention comprises only 8 modes by which all required operations provided by the conventional serial interface are readily accomplished. Furthermore, a serial interface transmission structure according to the invention has the advantages of requiring a minimal amount of logic devices and input/output pins, being capable of automatically returning to an IDLE mode, being able to easily read/write data from/to devices which are connected thereto, and being able to continuously poll the status messages of the devices.

Abstract: An interface device enables an external device connected to a network switch to be disabled. The interface device receives and transmits data to an external device which makes data forwarding decisions. When a disable signal is received by the network switch, the disable signal is transmitted to the external device over an existing data path. The external device returns an acknowledgement signal over an existing path to the switch. A timer is included as a failsafe mechanism in case the external device does not return an acknowledge signal. The timer waits a predetermined period of time and continues the shut down of the network switch as if the acknowledge signal was received.

Abstract: A network switch configured for switching data packets across multiple ports uses an address table to generate frame forwarding information. A decision-making engine receives a source address, destination address and receive port number along with a virtual local area network (VLAN) ID, if applicable. The decision-making engine searches the address table twice to generate frame forwarding information. The first search is based on the source address and the receive port number of the frame and the second search is based on the destination address and a VLAN index for the received frame. The network switch uses the information generated from the searches to generate the frame forwarding information.

Abstract: A transmitter/receiver for use in a multichannel time division duplexing system having an independent combiner and divider to isolate a transmission channel from a reception channel. The transmitter/receiver includes a first and second circulator connected, respectively, to a first and second transceiver. A transmission channel, formed between the first and second circulators and an antenna, transfers transmission signals from the first and second transceivers to the antenna in response to a transmission enable signal. A reception channel, formed between the first and second circulators and the antenna, transfers a reception signal from the antenna to the first and second transceiver in response to a reception enable signal. A switching control circuit is provided for generating the transmission enable signal during a transmission mode of operation and for generating the reception enable signal during a reception mode of operation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing multi-channel telephony multimedia services. A multi-tasking DSP processes a plurality of multimedia services for a plurality of telephone channels. The DSP operates in conjunction with a host processor. The host processor indicates to the DSP, in real-time, the services required for a channel. The DSP in response allocates a portion of its fast memory in which a program is stored comprising the multimedia services routines required for the channel. The multimedia services program stored in the portion of fast memory allocated to a channel is then utilized to process the incoming channel signal data. The processed signal data is then output to memory shared between the DSP and the host processor. The portion of memory and the program for each channel can be dynamically reconfigured in real-time on a per channel basis.

Abstract: The object of the invention is a method and an arrangement for separating signals operating in the same channel. In the solution according to the invention, the signals to be transmitted are conditioned so that the receiver at the other end of the transmission route is able to separate an effective signal from an interference signal. The invention can be applied in the TDMA systems used in data communication cellular networks.

Abstract: A resource manager for managing the resources of a virtual bearer channel platform. The platform includes a plurality of transaction processing units (TPUs). Each TPU processes service requests transmitted by a caller or transmits service requests to a destination called party. The platform has a distribution network that interfaces with the TPUs and acts as a shared bus between the TPUs. The platform receives and transmits communications with a communications network over bearer channels of a high bandwidth pipe. A cross-connecting controller multiplexes the signals coming into the platform over the bearer channels onto the distribution network, and also demultiplexes signals going out over the bearer channels from the distribution network. The resource manager provides a centralized control for the allocation of bandwidth to the transaction processing units.

Abstract: Data at 2.4 kbps is to be transmitted over a noisy link having 3 kbps capacity, and made available to ISDN-compatible user devices. The 2.4 kbps data is multiplexed with its control and synchronization signals in a first rate adapter to generate 3 kbps data, organized into 10 msec frames of 30 bits, and transmitted over the link. The signals received from the link are further adapted in a second rate adapter to form 8 kbps, 10 msec, 80-bit, V.110 frames. Not all of the data for each 10 msec, 80-bit frame is available from the corresponding 10 msec, 30-bit frame. Some of the additional data is multiplexed onto plural 30-bit frames, and becomes available to the current 80-bit frame by use of a memory. Other bits of the additional data is stored in a memory in the second rate adapter, and used to fill in the 80-bit frames. The 8 kbps data is further rate adapted to 64 kbps by addition of dummy bits.

Abstract: A switching system comprising a switching structure for routing cells from a set of M input ports towards a set of M output ports. The system includes a set of distributed individual Switch Core Access layer elements which communicate with one input and output port of the switching structure by means of a set of serial communication links. Each SCAL element provides attachment to at least one Protocol Adapter and comprises a set of circuits. The receive part of each circuit, which includes at least one first FIFO storage for storing the cells being received, receives the data cells from the attached Protocol Adapter and introduces at least one extra byte to every cell. Each transmit part of the destination circuit, which includes at least one second FIFO storage having a greater capacity than the first FIFO storage, receives all the cells that are generated at the corresponding output port and uses the at least one extra byte for cell buffering.

Abstract: An asymmetric network communication system for use in a client-host environment having independent forward and return channels operating at different speeds and/or under different protocols on the same or different communication media to provide efficient utilization of shared resources. A network manager, such as a hybrid access system, effects transmission of packetized data on a forward (downstream) channel from the host server to multiple client devices coupled with a shared downstream media at 10 or more megabits per second while simultaneously providing selectable multiple lower speeds of operation on shared or dedicated return (upstream) channels from the client devices to the host server depending on bandwidth availability, bandwidth demand, service level authorization, etc, for the return channel.

Abstract: An integrated routing circuit that provides serial-to-parallel and parallel-to-serial data conversion, and data transmission over various types of media including coaxial, twisted-pair, and fiber optic media. The integrated routing circuit has two receivers, three multiplexers, a reclocking circuit, a serial to parallel converter, a parallel to serial converter, a serial transmitter, an output controller, and a parallel transmitter. The circuits that form the integrated routing circuit are arranged so that either serial or parallel data sources can be selected from a plurality of inputs to the integrated routing circuit and so that various routing paths can be established for the selected sources. The selected routing path is established via the use of control words.

Abstract: Remote units (113-117) that wish to receive a multicast session, monitor a multicast advertisement message on a system broadcast channel to determine a session to receive. Once a remote unit (113-117) requests participation in the multicast event, a common supplemental channel (205) is assigned to the remote unit (113-117), and the multicast session is broadcast to all remote units (113-117) currently participating in the multicast event. The common supplemental channel (205) utilizes two unique spreading codes for channel assignment, with one of the spreading codes being a function of the multicast session address (501) that is broadcast by the server (120).

Abstract: An apparatus for electrical line communication includes a transmitter, a receiver, a modem, and a coupler at each of two or more locations along an electrical line. The couplers have capacitive circuits serially connected with an air-core transformer. The capacitive circuits resonate with the air-core transformer at a preselected frequency. A novel phase linear coupler eliminates noise and is matched resistively to the characteristic impedance of the line at the preselected frequency, which linearizes communication on the line and allows high speed data and voice communication over long distances.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for redirecting a connection from a first server having a first server IP address. Incoming SYN packets sent from a client are intercepted. The SYN packets have a destination IP address corresponding to the connection and the SYN packets are sent from the client for the purpose of establishing the connection, which is supported by the first server. The number of incoming SYN packets sent from the client to the first server is monitored and it is determined whether the number of unanswered SYN packets sent by the client to the first server exceeds a ditched connection threshold number of unanswered SYN packets. The destination IP address of intercepted incoming SYN packets is changed for the connection received after determining that the number of unanswered SYN requests sent by the client to the first server exceeds a ditched connection threshold number of unanswered SYN requests to the destination IP address of a second server.

Abstract: An asynchronous data transfer and source traffic control system includes a bus master and a plurality of bus users coupled to a bidirectional data bus. The bus master provides two clock signals to each bus user, a system clock and a frame clock. The frame clock designates the start of a frame. A frame format preferably includes fifteen or sixteen system clock cycles, the first of which is designated the request field and the last of which includes a grant field. One or more other cycles may be assigned control and/or routing information and the remainder of the cycles comprise a data field of fixed length. During the request field, any number of bus users may request access which is received by the bus master. During the grant field, the bus master grants access to a selected bus user for the entire data portion of the next frame. Which user is granted access to the next frame is determined according to an arbitration algorithm in the bus master which may be unknown to the bus users.

Abstract: A film image reproducing apparatus for reproducing images recorded on successive frames of a film includes: an illuminator which illuminates the film; a detector which detects an illuminating characteristic of the illuminator; a recorder which records the illuminating characteristic detected by the detector on the film; a reader which reads the recorded illuminating characteristic; a setter which sets based on the characteristic recorded on the film a condition for picking up a film image; and a picking-up device which picks up the film image at the set picking-up condition.

Abstract: A method of multicasting digital data to a user accessing an Internet connection is disclosed. The method includes placing digital data that is to be multicast in IP protocol to generate IP digital data. The IP digital data is transmitted from a transmission site to a remote Internet point of presence through a dedicated transmission channel substantially separate from Internet backbone. The dedicated transmission channel may be, for example, a satellite channel. At the remote Internet point of presence, the IP digital data is multicast for delivery to at least one receiving Internet user's apparatus connected to but distal from the remote Internet point of presence.

Abstract: Conflicts are resolved between competing nodes in a multi-node communications network. After a first node in the network requests an initiation of communications with a target node, the requesting node may simply initiate the requested communications with the target node if the target node is not busy. If the first node determines that the target node is busy, it proceeds to resolve the conflict. Namely, the first node repeats the process of waiting for a first delay then requesting initiation of communications with the target node. After each unsuccessful attempt, the first delay is successively increased. As an example, the delay may be increased exponentially, with a controlled randomness added. After a or more queued messages to other nodes. Following this, the first node performs another sequence to initiate communications with the target node, successively increasing the delay between unsuccessful attempts, as before.