Abstract: An apparatus for improving the combustion in the engine cylinders and simultaneously reducing the pollutants in the exhaust gases from the engine and directs a portion thereof into a mixing chamber where it comes into intimate contact with air/fuel mixture to preheat the air/fuel mixture. The mixing chamber is provided with a centrally located stator vane assembly which imparts a swirling motion to the gases therein. The base of the stator vane assembly serves as a heat sink to conduct and transmit heat to the stator vanes since its upper and lower disk-like surfaces are exposed to the hot exhaust gases which have been recycled back into the engine.

Abstract: A module, utilizing a spirally wound membrane envelope, and adapted to be fitted into a containment tube of a fractionator, has a lip seal between the module and the containment tube, there being small apertures in the lip of the seal arranged and directed so as to allow a small controlled flow to continually bypass the module and thus prevent the product from becoming stagnant behind the seal.