Abstract: The crystalline aluminosilicate PZ 1 is produced by carrying out the crystalline in the presence of an organic template compound of the formula R.sub.3 P--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --PR.sub.3 X.sub.2 where R is a lower alkyl group, n is an integer of 2 to 6 and X is Br.sup.- or I.sup.-. The synthesis mixture has the composition:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 = 20-250 Na.sub.2 O/SiO.sub.2 = 0.01-0.5 OH/SiO.sub.2 = 0.01-1.0 T/SiO.sub.2 = 0.01-0.2 H.sub.2 O/SiO.sub.2 = 10-40 ______________________________________whereas T means template compound.The synthesis mixture is stirred at a temperature between 90.degree. and 200.degree. C. at autogenous pressure. The aluminosilicate PZ 1 is changed into the aluminosilicate PZ 2 by treatment with dilute acids or with ammonium chloride and subsequent calcining. This aluminosilicate PZ 2 can be employed as catalyst in the conversion of alcohols into hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a diamond synthesis process.A stack of graphite and alloy pellets of at least one metal of group VIII or VII of the periodic system with an element having the same crystallographic structure as the diamond are placed in an enclosure. The pressure and temperature are raised so that the alloy starts to liquefy. Part of the element remains in the state of solid particles used in the nucleation by epitaxy of the diamond crystals. The carbon migrates through the liquid alloy from the pellets to the solid particles.

Abstract: The alkali metal content of zeolite ZSM-11 in its as-synthesized form is reduced by crystallizing the zeolite from a solution containing a source of benzyltrimethyl ammonium ions.

Abstract: A process is provided for modifying ZSM-5 type zeolite catalysts with sulfur-based treating agents in order to enhance the para-selective properties of such catalysts for the conversion of aromatic materials to dialkyl-substituted benzene compounds. Sulfur-based treating agents include hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide. Catalyst compositions so treated can be used in alkylation, transalkylation or disproportionation processes to provide product mixtures having exceptionally high concentrations of the para-dialkylbenzene isomer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a crystalline aluminosilicate having a high silica to alumina molar ratio and an X-ray diffraction pattern substantially the same as that of ZSM-5 zeolite which method comprises mixing a source of silica, a source of alumina, a source of alkali metal, water and at least one alkanolamine according to Formula (I): ##STR1## wherein any two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently alkylol groups and the remaining one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or all of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently alkylol group, the alkylol groups being --CH.sub.2 --R--OH, wherein R is --CH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, or --CH(CH.sub.3)--, the ratio of said source of silica to said source of alumina being at least 20:1 based on the equivalent moles of silica and alumina in said respective sources, maintaining said mixture at a temperature above about 120.degree. C. and recovering the crystalline aluminosilicate formed.

Abstract: A process is provided for modifying ZSM-5 type zeolite catalysts with gaseous nitrogen-based treating agents in order to enhance the para-selective properties of such catalysts for the conversion of aromatic materials to dialkyl-substituted benzene compounds. Nitrogen-based treating agents include nitrogen dioxide and ammonia. Catalyst compositions so treated can be used in alkylation, transalkylation or disproportionation processes to provide product mixtures having exceptionally high concentrations of the para-dialkylbenzene isomer.

Abstract: A zeolite Y having a relatively high or improved crystallinity is produced by making a water slurry of a zeolite Y having a relatively low or poor crystallinity, adding acid and bring the pH of the slurry to a range of about 7 to 12, refluxing the slurry until the desired crystallinity has been obtained, and then separating and drying the solids.

Abstract: A process is provided for modifying ZSM-5 type zeolite catalysts with carbon dioxide treating agent in order to enhance the para-selective properties of such catalysts for the conversion of aromatic materials to dialkyl-substituted benzene compounds. Catalyst compositions so treated can be used in alkylation, transalkylation or disproportionation processes to provide product mixtures having exceptionally high concentrations of the para-dialkylbenzene isomer.

Abstract: An improved process for the continuous preparation of hydroxylammonium salts by catalytic reduction of nitric oxide with hydrogen in a dilute aqueous solution of a mineral acid in the presence of a suspended noble metal catalyst at an elevated temperature in several reaction zones connected in series, wherein the improvement comprises maintaining a pH of <2.0 in the last reaction zone.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a crystalline aluminosilicate of the pentasil type by hydrothermal crystallization of SiO.sub.2 and Al(OH).sub.3 in the presence of an alkali metal salt at from 80.degree. to 250.degree. C., wherein the crystallization is carried out in ether or aqueous ether. Particularly suitable solvents include the ethers from the group of the poly-(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ethers and mixtures of these ethers with water. The use of these crystalline aluminosilicates as catalysts for alkylating aromatics, and for preparing olefins and/or aromatics from methanol and/or dimethyl ether is also described.

Abstract: A mineral polymer of the silicoaluminate family has a composition expressed in terms of oxides as follows:yK.sub.2 O:Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 :xSiO.sub.2 :w H.sub.2 Owhere, in the fully hydrated form, "w" is a value at the most equal to 4, "x" is a value in the range of about 4.0 to about 4.2, and "y" is a value in the range of about 1.3 to about 1.52. These mineral polymers are solid solutions which comprise one phase of a potassium polysilicate having the formula:(y-1)K.sub.2 O:(x-2)SiO.sub.2 :(w-1)H.sub.2 Oand one phase of a potassium polysialate polymer having the following formula: ##STR1## where "n" is the degree of condensation of the polymer.

Abstract: A moist hydrogen stream is dried by cooling to below the dewpoint of water and separating water, drying further over a regenerable solid absorbent, separating a part stream of dried gas and using it to regenerate water-loaded absorbent, and recycling the resulting moist regeneration gas stream into the moist hydrogen stream upstream of the water separation step. If the starting moist hydrogen stream is produced by shift, CO.sub.2 -removal and methanation the recycled gas is preferably introduced between CO.sub.2 removal and methanation. If it is produced from unreacted methanol synthesis gas the recycled gas is preferably introduced upstream of methanol synthesis.

Abstract: A process for continuously producing carbon fibers which comprises interconnecting the rear end of a preceding precursor fibrous yarn with the front end of a subsequent precursor fibrous yarn and continuously calcining the successively interconnected precursor yarns. In said process, said rear end and said front end are doubled on each other so that said successive precursor yarns are connected with each other by means of a length of doubled portion or each of said rear and front ends is doubled on each end of a different type fibrous yarn capable of being calcined so that said successive yarns are connected with each other through said different type yarn by means of lengths of doubled portion, and said yarns are entangled at the doubled portion to integrally interconnect said successive precursor yarns, a tensile strength of said doubled and entangled portion after oxidation in an air atmosphere at about 230.degree. to 250.degree. C. for 100 to 200 minutes is at least 0.8 g/d.

Abstract: Crystalline metal silicates and metal borosilicate compositions exhibit useful catalytic properties when the reaction mixture from which they are prepared includes a metal whose oxide precipitates at a pH above 7 and an amount of urea or other compound which upon hydrolysis releases ammonia. The precipitated metal hydroxide is incorporated into the crystalline composition as it forms. These compositions exhibit the X-ray pattern of a ZSM-5 zeolite and have an aluminum content of less than 100 wppm and a composition expressed in terms of its oxides as follows:(0.2-80)R.sub.(2/n) O: (0.1-20) M.sub.(2/m) O: (0-40)B.sub.2 O.sub.3 : 100 SiO.sub.2 :(0-200)H.sub.2 Owhere R is tetramethyl ammonium cation, ammonium cation, hydrogen cation, an alkali metal cation, metal cation or mixtures thereof, n is the valence of R, M is a metal whose hydroxide precipitates at a pH above 7 and m is the valence of said metal. These crystalline silicates and borosilicates are usefully employed as catalysts in hydrocarbon conversions.

Abstract: This invention relates to exchanging the sodium contained in a crystalline zeolite by partially removing sodium by exchange with another cation, partially drying the exchanged zeolite and re-exchanging the dried zeolite.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a nitrogen-containing crystalline metal silicate having a zeolite structure from silicon dioxide and a metal oxide and/or metal hydroxide, wherein the crystallization is carried out in the absence of an alkali metal in an aqueous solution of hexamethylenediamine, preferably under the autogeneous pressure of the solution at from 100.degree. to 200.degree. C. The zeolites are preferably used as catalysts for the reaction of methanol and/or dimethyl ether to give unsaturated hydrocarbons, the oligomerization of olefins, the alkylation of aromatics, and other conversions of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A method of preparing a zeolite ZSM-12 type crystal which comprises crystallizing substantially pure ZSM-12 from a silica and optimally alumina gel mixture in the presence of a methyltriethylammonium cation, and the ZSM-12 product produced thereby.

Abstract: Crystalline aluminosilicates having a silica to alumina molar ratio greater than 12 are produced by mixing a source of silica, a source of alumina, a source of alkali metal, water and a source of ammonium ions, e.g. ammonia or an ammonium salt, in the absence of an alcohol or alkylene oxide, in the molar proportions (expressed in the case of the silica and alumina sources in terms of the equivalent moles of the oxide, in the case of the alkali metal source in terms of the equivalent moles of the hydroxide (MOH) and in the case of the source of ammonium ions in terms of free ammonia):SiO.sub.2 : Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 greater than 12:1MOH: Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 in the range from 1:1 to 20:1SiO.sub.2 : NH.sub.3 in the range from 1:1 to 200:1H.sub.2 O: MOH in the range from 30:1 to 300:1and maintaining the composition at elevated temperature, such as 120.degree. to 210.degree. C. for a period such that crystallization occurs, typically greater than 4 hours.

Abstract: A gravity fed water bath process treats waste water from spray rinses containing compounds of copper and like heavy metals. For displacing heavy metals, such as copper, the bath has a substantially pure metal with an electrode potential greater than the heavy metal contained in the rinse water. A system for controlling the pH level of the water bath treatment and for supplying acid at the beginning of the bath, and alkaline material at the bath's end provides a highly acidic pH level for the water bath and heavy metal removal chamber, and adjusts the pH level of the discharged water for satisfactory deposit in municipal sewer systems.A method for displacing the heavy metal from the compound in solution requires exposing the heavy metal compound to a substantially pure metal having an electrode potential greater than the heavy metal of the compound, in an acidic bath whose pH level is controlled.

Abstract: A method for separating non-ferrous metals from an iron-containing waste material which includes providing separate contiguous layers of the waste material and a sintering mixture containing a finely divided carbonaceous fuel, passing hot combustion supporting gases, first through the layer of sintering mixture and then through the layer of waste material in a sintering zone under conditions sufficient to sinter the iron containing constituents, and volatilizing off the non-ferrous metals to produce a charge suitable for feeding to a blast furnace.