Abstract: A method of and apparatus for mixing chemicals in a single wafer process. According to the present invention a chemical is fed into a valve system having a tube of a known volume. The chemical is fed into the valve system to fill the tube with a chemical to generate a measured amount of the chemical. The measured amount of chemical is then used in a single wafer process.

Abstract: A thermosensitive stencil paper having a thermoplastic resin film and a porous resin layer which is provided on the thermoplastic resin film by coating a porous resin layer formation coating liquid including a water-in-oil emulsion of a resin on the thermoplastic resin film and drying the coating liquid. In addition, the method of producing the above-mentioned thermosensitive stencil paper is also disclosed.

Abstract: A droplet ejection patterning method of ejecting a dispersion formed by dispersing a convectable dispersoid in a dispersion medium onto a substrate including a lyophilic region and a lyophobic region. Due to a concentration difference of the dispersion, the dispersoid convects within the dispersion medium toward the edges of the dispersion to form narrow lines of the dispersoid without using photolithography.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of providing a surface layer or structure on a substrate. The method includes ink jet printing spaced first segments of the surface layer or structure material on the substrate and drying or curing the first segments. Additionally, the method includes ink jet printing further material segments in the gaps between the first segments and drying or curing the further segments. In the present invention, the material and/or curing and drying conditions are different in both steps of the method. The method also includes forming a surface layer or structure where segment material and/or curing and drying conditions are chosen so as to control mechanical properties of the surface layer.

Abstract: In this method of manufacturing a device, when discharging the liquid drops upon the substrate, a bit map made up from a plurality of pixels against which liquid drops are discharged is established upon the substrate. When establishing the pixels, when the interval of the discharge nozzles of the liquid drop discharge head 1 is taken as “a”, and the size in the Y axis direction of the pixels is taken as by, the pixels are established so that the condition by=a/n is satisfied, where n is a positive integer.

Abstract: A method for preliminary treatment of particles of a powder in a dry surface treatment process before applying the powder particles on a surface of a substrate by utilizing an electric field created by electrodes. The Electrodes are located at opposite sides of the substrate in such a way that at least one first electrode is located at the side of the substrate to be coated, and at least one second electrode is located at the opposites side of the substrate. The particles of the powder are pre-charged before bringing them into the electric field.

Abstract: A powdery layer is formed on a first side of a web (W) which serves as a substrate by applying electrically charged particles on the web while a rotating grounding electrode is located at a second side of the web.

Abstract: Processes for forming a filter material that includes coating a filter particle with a coating comprising a lignosulfonate, carbonizing the coating, and activating the coating. The filter particles may include a variety of filter particles, including but not limited to fibers, granules, and screens, and be formed from a variety of materials, such as metals, metal alloys, carbon, ceramic, or glass. Also, the lignosulfonate-coated filter particles may include a large amount of mesopore and/or macropore volume when carbonized and activated. One exemplary process for forming a filter material includes diluting ammonium lignosulfonate with water, mixing the solution with milled glass fibers, removing the excess lignosulfonate solution from the fibers, drying the lignosulfonate coated glass fibers at 65° C. for 12 h, carbonizing the coated glass fibers in a furnace ramped to 70° C. with a rate of 7° C.

Abstract: A solution containing a metal component of composite ultrafine metal particles each having a core substantially made of metal component and a covering layer made of an organic compound chemically bonded to the core having an average diameter ranging from 1 to 10 nm, uniformly dispersed in a solvent, forms a thin metal film on the surface of a transfer sheet, after which the transfer sheet, after which the transfer sheet is thermally decomposed to transfer the thin metal film to a substrate.

Abstract: Patterned articles can be prepared by applying a release polymer to a substrate in a desired pattern, applying a substrate-adherent polymer over the pattern and substrate, and mechanically removing the substrate-adherent polymer from the pattern without requiring solvent. Suitable mechanical removal methods include applying adhesive tape to the substrate-adherent polymer and peeling the tape and substrate-adherent polymer away from the pattern, and abrading the substrate-adherent polymer from the pattern using impact media.

Abstract: The subject of the present invention is a method of obtaining fibrous carbon materials by carbonization of cellulosic fibrous materials carried out continuously or batchwise in the presence of at least one organosilicon compound. Characteristically, said organosilicon compound is chosen from the family of cyclic, linear or branched polyhydrosiloxanes which are substituted with methyl and/or phenyl groups and the number-average molecular mass of which is between 250 and 10 000, advantageously between 2 500 and 5 000.

Abstract: A method for depositing granules (48) onto a substrate (14) comprises providing a hopper (36) for granules with a discharge slot (46), moving a gate (50) across the slot to open and close the slot so that when the slot is open granules fall from the hopper and when the slot is closed granules are prevented from falling from the hopper, and detecting the speed of the substrate and controlling the extent of opening of the slot by the gate to meter the granules falling from the hopper in response to the speed of the substrate.

Abstract: A process for depositing pure platinum on a substrate is disclosed. In accordance with one embodiment, the process comprises applying a solution consisting of Pt(acetylacetonate)2 and ethanol or acetone onto a substrate and wrapping at least a portion of the substrate with aluminum foil. The process further comprises heating the substrate wrapped with the aluminum foil to about 300° C. at a rate of about 10–25° C. per minute and then holding at about 300° C. for about 1 hour, wherein the Pt(acetylacetonate)2 decomposes to deposit pure platinum on the substrate.

Abstract: A method of coating a pharmaceutical substrate includes the steps of applying an active coating material to a surface of the substrate to form an active coating layer and applying a cover coating material onto the active coating layer to form a cover coating layer. The active coating layer is substantially completely covered by the cover coating layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for forming a coating film on a plastic substrate which comprises: (1) coating the plastic substrate with an aqueous white primer (A) having a water content of 15 to 48 wt. % to form a coating film having an L* value of 80 or more, (2) heating the coating film of the primer (A) to adjust the water content of the film to 1 to 10 wt. % and the surface electrical resistivity value of the film to less than 109 ?/square, (3) electrostatically coating the coating film of the primer (A) with a thermosetting clear colored coating composition (B), (4) electrostatically coating the uncured coating film of the coating composition (B) with a thermosetting clear coating composition (C), and (5) baking the three-layer coating film to obtain a cured multilayer coating film having an N value of 8.5 or more.

Abstract: A process of masking cooling holes (4) of a gas turbine component (1) with an external surface (6), including a cavity (2) and a plurality of cooling holes (4) before coating the gas turbine component (1), includes first applying a mask material (5) to the cooling holes (4) so that the cooling holes are filled at least closest to the external surface (6), whereby the mask material (5) contains a filler material. Then the mask material (5) within the cooling holes (4) is thickening and the coating (8) is applied to the external surface (6) of the component (1) and the masked cooling holes (4). In the end remaining thickened mask material (5a) is removed from the cooling holes (4).

Abstract: The invention provides processes for coating the surface of substrates such as a sheet, film, foam, fiber, etc., with a curable liquid resin or solution of curable resin, then in one embodiment, stably attaching a superabsorbent polymeric powder to such resin, and then curing the resin to form a coated superabsorbent product. Such substrates may include polymeric materials. Other process embodiments utilizing curable and thermoplastic resinous powders may be used instead of curable liquid resins and resulting products are included in the invention. The coated product has reduced particle agglomeration and particle loss due to the curing or melting steps. The thin, superabsorbent powder adhered, films may be used as an absorbent core for a wide variety of absorbent products. The product can be interposed between sheets to form disposable absorbent products such as diapers, bandages, water and nutrient retention elements, erosion control devices and elements thereof, etc.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a flexible packaging material from a single or multi-layer film or film-type laminate containing a sealing layer of powder-type starting material deposited on at least one free surface of the film or film-type laminate. The sealing layer is deposited locally, i.e., over only those parts of the surface to be sealed, and the deposition of the sealing layer takes place by an electrostatic coating process in which coating particles are electrostatically charged and transferred to the film surface to be coated by applying an electric field, and melted and/or hardened to give a coating film in the form of a sealing layer.

Abstract: An apparatus for electrostatically applying a powder material to a solid dosage from includes a source (1) of charged powder material, a support assembly (2) for supporting the solid dosage form (3) with a front face in the vicinity of the source of powder material and facing the source of powder material, the support assembly (2) including an electrically conducting member (5) in the vicinity of the rear face of the solid dosage form and an electrically conducting shield (8) disposed closely around the solid dosage from (3) between the front face and the rear face of the solid dosage form, and means (4) for creating a potential difference between the source of powder material and the electrically conducting member and for maintaining the electrically conducting shield at a potential more similar to that of the source of powder material than to that of the electrically conducting member.

Abstract: To form an ionomer-based catalytic layer on a porous substrate, a heat source (40) is used to dry an ionomer-containing spray (46) so that it does not substantially liquid flow on the substrate (14). The ionomer spray (46) may contain a catalyst. A spray (46) of mixed material for forming the catalytic layer is entrained by a gas stream and is heated and directed to a substrate surface (12). For hydrogen/oxygen fuel cells, catalytic material is incorporated into the proton-conducting membrane (56) to convert diffusing oxygen and hydrogen to water to reduce potential loss at the electrodes and maintain hydration of the proton-conducting membrane (56).