Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of making edible decorations which reproduce all types of patterns, including colored patterns. The purpose of these decorations is partially or totally to cover the cakes for which they are intended and with which they form a perfectly homogeneous whole. More precisely, the invention consists in producing a printed decoration with five successive layers: a first layer of printed edible paper, and a second layer of a material for modifying the texture of the edible paper and sticking the first and third layers together. The third layer consists of a material belonging to the group comprising almond paste and chocolate. The fourth layer is equivalent to the second layer, and the fifth layer is equivalent to the first layer. By virtue of this innovation, a printed decoration does not detract from the cake and remains supple and homogeneous.

Abstract: A process for producing acetephenone from a source of cinnamic acid is carried out with high amounts of oxygen and sugar in the presence of a bacteria species. Fragrance compositions and foodstuff compositions are augmented and enhanced by the presence of the product compound.

Abstract: A method is provided for blocking high permeability channels in subterranean geological formations, using swelling clay. A slurry is prepared by mixing swelling clay, such as bentonite, into an aqueous solution containing the salt of certain cations, which inhibit clay swelling. The cations K.sup.+, Ca.sup.2+ and Mg.sup.2+, among others, are inhibitive of clay swelling. The clay slurry is introduced into a geological formation, where it preferentially enters channels of high permeability. There the slurry is contacted by NaCl brine solution present in natural or injected drive fluids, and the inhibitive cations bound to the clay particles are replaced by Na.sup.+ ions, which attract water molecules and promote clay swelling. The Na.sup.+ -clay swells to up to 10 times its original volume, causing the slurry to acquire a gel-like consistency. The clay gel so formed is capable of blocking the flow of water, and can resist pressure of up to 500 kPa per meter.

Abstract: A scale inhibitor solution composition comprising water; an organophosphorous scale inhibitor selected from the group consisting of nitrilotri(methylene phosphonic acid), diethylenetriaminepenta-(methylene phosphonic acid) and salts thereof with monovalent cations; and sodium chloride in a concentration of between about 12 and about 14% by weight of the scale inhibitor solution.