Abstract: Methods of assaying samples for the presence of an analyte involving immobilization of a gold sol, and optionally an enzyme capable of generating a reaction product, on a solid phase. The gold sol has a mean particle size of less than 20 nm for at least 75% by weight of the particles and is formed into a novel superaggregated complex with at least one protein.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for the identification and characterization of tumor cell types present within malignant populations, and novel methods of cancer treatment. Tumor cells in cell cycle arrest have been identified, purified and characterized according to their size, altered morphology, surface phenotype and expression of oncogenes. Tumor cell cycle arrest can be induced in mice lacking an immune system solely upon administration of anti-idiotype antibodies. Methods of manipulating specific signals from the cell surface to alter the malignant phenotype of transformed cells are disclosed, as are methods for either eliminating or specifically maintaining tumor cells in cell cycle arrest.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for measuring endogenous cytokines in blood. The method accurately measures the cytokines in the blood in the presence of substances that bind the cytokines thereby causing the measurement of the cytokines by conventional methods to give inaccurate results. The present invention also includes the non-invasive measurement of cytokines in biological fluids such as saliva and nasal secretions. Finally, the present invention allows one to monitor the level of cytokines in the blood during treatment of a human or animal with cytokines.

Abstract: An assay and sample mixture for the enumeration of fluorescently stained target components of a whole blood sample by an imaging instrument. The sample preparation method ensures that the amount of target components per unit of volume of the whole blood sample is preserved by elimination of certain non-quantitative preparation steps while producing an even hematocrit layer within a scan capillary. Typical target components include white blood cells that express certain surface antigens, such as CD-4 and CD-8 proteins. To inhibit aggregation of the red blood cells, a reagent is added to an aliquot of whole blood sample. The aliquot of whole blood is mixed and with a preselected amount of a fluorescent dye and ligand complex which tags the target components.

Abstract: A new method for assaying anti-Treponema pallidum antibody with improved sensitivity is provided. Anti-Tp antibody in serum is assayed by enzyme immunoanalysis utilizing the antigen-antibody reaction between G15 and/or G17 antigen, a protein available on fusion of GST to the N-terminal of a Tp membrane antigen (15 and/or 17 kDa), and anti-Tp antibody in a sample.

Abstract: Inter alia, a process for the selective removal of salivary .alpha.-amylase from a sample comprising salivary .alpha.-amylase and pancreatic .alpha.-amylase characterized in that there is used a monoclonal antibody against salivary .alpha.-amylase, which is immobilized or is coupled to a physically separable or seperate support and which exhibits a binding affinity towards salivary .alpha.-amylase of at elast 1.times.10.sup.7 l/m and a cross-reactivity with pancreatic .alpha.-amylase of less than 1% is disclosed. The remaining pancreatic .alpha.-amylase may be assayed.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for analyzing a material within a container, such as blood within a capillary in a volumetric cytometry system provides for detecting the edges of the container, counting the cells within the container, characterizing the cells within the container, and evaluating channels of data which contain information relevant to more than one of the detectable characteristics of the cells. A scanner scans a container of material including certain cells. Sampling circuitry is coupled to the scanner to generate scanned images of the material in the container. Two or more scanned images are generated based on fluorescence data from dyes that have overlapping spectra. The two scanned images are processed using a linear regression analysis among corresponding pixels in the scanned images near certain cells to characterize relative contents of two fluorescing dyes in a target cell.

Abstract: A novel monoclonal antibody of IgG1/.kappa. subclass, characterized in that it recognizes antigens specifically present in mouse inbred strains consisting of DBA/1, CE/J, SM/J, IQI, PL/J, SWM/Ms, RIIIS/J, RFM/MsNrs and C3H and its congenic mouse strains thereof, wherein one of said antigens has a molecular weight of 66,000 and the other has a molecular weight of 68,000 and said antigens are present in the mitochondria of C3H mouse strain.The present invention also provides a hybridoma cell line which produces the above monoclonal antibody, a method for identifying the origin of a cell derived from a mouse, and a reagent for identifying the origin of a cell derived from a mouse.

Abstract: The apparatus and method of the present invention disclose a scanning imaging cytometer wherein an unprocessed biological fluid sample is reacted with a fluorescently-labeled binding agent. The reacted sample undergoes minimal processing before it is placed into a capillary tube. The sample is optically scanned and fluorescence excitation is recorded from a plurality of columnar regions of the capillary tube, each columnar region generally defined by the spot size of the excitation beam and the depth dimension of the capillary tube. A spatial filter of a sufficient pinhole diameter is selected to allow simultaneous volumetric detection of all fluorescent targets in each columnar region.

Abstract: Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies and fragments thereof are described which are capable of binding to specific members or groups of O,O-dialkyl-O-(X) phosphorothioate compounds, where X is an aromatic or heterocyclic group or substituted aromatic or substituted heterocyclic group. Specifically, organophosphorus pesticides (e.g. fenitrothion, chloryrifos-methyl, and pirimiphos-methyl) are conjugated to a carrier with a beta-alanine spacer and used as an immunogen for raising antibodies. Hybridoma cell lines, methods for making the antibodies, and assays and kits including the antibodies are also disclosed.