Abstract: A method and system are described for reducing flicker in a display panel. The method comprises the steps of sequentially addressing rows of pixels in the panel, each addressed row location made active by applied address signals during a row address period. Addressed locations along an active row emit light when addressed. During a row address period, simultaneous addresses are applied to a plurality of additional dummy rows in the panel. The addressing is accomplished with signals that do not change memory display states at locations along the additional dummy rows, but do cause locations along the additional dummy rows to emit light during each row address period.

Abstract: A display system is described which includes storage for receiving a compressed pixel image manifesting at least a pair of encoded colors and a bit MASK that defines which pixels of a pixel subset of the pixel image receive one of the colors. The system comprises a plurality of memory modules. The pixels in the subset are interleaved in the memory modules. A generator is provided for applying signals to cause data to be written into each of modules in parallel. Register means are provided for applying data manifesting the encoded colors to the modules. Control apparatus is responsive to the MASK bits for controlling the generator to write the encoded color data, in parallel and in a single memory cycle, into all pixel positions of the subset that are designated for the color(s) by MASK bit position values.

Abstract: In an active matrix-type display device, two pixel electrodes of cells neighboring in the direction of scan bus lines are connected to the same data bus line, and these two cells are independently controlled by the time division technique. When an address pulse is applied to the scan bus line for accessing each cell of the pixel rows, a compensation pulse is applied to the scan bus line arranged on the other side of the pixel row.

Abstract: In order to improve the contrast of a liquid crystal display device by the voltage equalization method, scanning side electrodes totaling D in number are scanned in line sequential fashion while applying a voltage between each selected scanning side electrode and each signal side electrode, the voltage applied being controlled in such a way that, during a total of D times of scanning of the scanning side electrodes for production of one frame, when a particular scanning side electrode and a particular signal side electrode are simultaneously in a select state, a voltage Vop is applied to the corresponding liquid crystal, and when the scanning side electrodes respectively are in a non-select state, which occurs the remaining (D-1) times for each of the scanning side electrodes, a voltage whose polarity is reversed in response to the select and non-select states of the signal side electrodes and whose absolute value is represented by .vertline.Vop/B.vertline.

Abstract: A city bus line enquiry machine includes a diode selector circuit, which includes a plurality of key switches marked with respective names of bus stops and a plurality of light emitting diodes marked with respective bus line codes and connected to the key switches respectively, and a power supply and sound generating circuit, which provides the necessary working voltage to the automatic lighting device and gives sound when either key switch of the diode selector circuit is depressed, wherein when either key switch bearing the name of a respective bus stop is depressed, the related light emitting diodes are turned on to show available bus lines passing through the bus stop in question.

Abstract: A multigap liquid crystal color display having RED, GREEN and BLUE pixels with TFT activating transistors and with the pixels being constructed and arranged so that the offset voltages at the RED, GREEN and BLUE pixels induced by the gate pulses applied to the TFTs are equalized. In one embodiment, the pixel storage capacitors are customized to equalize the offset voltages. In a second embodiment, the pixel areas are adjusted so as to provide the offset voltage equalization.

Abstract: A video RAM having isolated array sections for providing write function that will not affect other array sections. The whole VRAM memory array does not have to be completely read before writing new pixel information to particular array section. At least two separate VRAM activities can be performed simultaneously to different parts of the array. Specifically, to write to one particular section of an array and to and for refreshing other parts of the VRAM. The overall read and write sequences can be shorter. When a particular pixel or memory cell has to be modified or update, only an associated SAM to the particular cell will be activated. This SAM will now only affect the column lines associated with that section of the array containing the activated SAM.

Abstract: A display device with improved color and grey scale capability employs an improved time dependent dithering technique. In the display device, each pixel is controlled so as to be illuminated only a certain number of times during a fixed display time period, the number of illuminations during the time period being dependent on the color or grey scale value of a corresponding pixel in an original image, the frame number, and a dither matrix element. Additionally, the device chooses the particular frames during which a pixel is illuminated so as to give a soft and smooth displayed image with no flashing.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) is constructed in layers including an integrated circuit layer containing thin film transistors (TFTs) for controlling activation of individual liquid crystal cells, and selectively actuatable Hall effect elements (HEEs) for controlling operation of the TFTs. The display operates in different modes including operating solely as an output device, or as an input device, or both. Each HEE and TFT is contained in a cell circuit that further includes a switch operable in a plurality of modes in accordance with the settings of mode control signals and cell selection signals. A magnetic actuator produces a magnetic field for selectively actuating cells. Cell circuits produce output signals dependent on the polarity of the actuating magnetic field. An alternate cell circuit allows a cell to be actuated by a field of one polarity and deactuated by a second field of the opposite polarity.

Abstract: A combined display and electromagnetic digitizing input device for pen-driven computers. There is a graphics display panel having a viewing surface and a back surface. A first grid of parallel transparent conductors for connection to electromagnetic digitizing electronics to sense the location of an electromagnetic stylus is disposed over one of the surfaces. A second grid of parallel transparent conductors for connection to the electromagnetic digitizing electronics is disposed over the first grid of parallel transparent conductors electrically insulated therefrom and perpendicular thereto. The two grids are constructed of flexible transparent substrates carrying a plurality of transparent indium tin oxide conductors thereon. For improved performance, shielding is provided in the form of a sheet of a transparent conductive material connected to ground potential disposed below the grids of conductors as well as a sheet of a metal foil disposed across the extents of the grids of conductors.

Abstract: A background picture display apparatus includes a microprocessor and an external storage unit, and dot data, character designating data and mode data are programmed in advance in a ROM in the external storage unit. Character designating data constituting background screens designated by the mode data and dot data of the respective characters used in the background screens are loaded in a RAM, that is, a screen RAM and a character RAM by a microprocessor. The character designating data is read from the screen RAM, and the dot data of the character is read from the character RAM. The dot data is converted into serial data by a parallel-serial conversion circuit, and a dot data combination circuit generates a color code for each background screen by combining the dot data and applies the same to a color generation circuit.

Abstract: There is disclosed a display system for outputting image data of a bit map to be displayed on a raster scan type display and a pattern of font corresponding to a code of a character, symbol or graphics having the predetermined code assigned thereto to the display for displaying the image and the character, symbol or graphics corresponding to the code on the display, comprising the steps of adding identification data for discriminating the code from the image data to the code and storing the code in a memory together with the image data, sequentially reading the code together with the image data from the memory, and outputting a pattern of the font corresponding to the code having the identification data added thereto to the display when the identification data is detected.

Abstract: A data input device and method for producing signals corresponding to symbols, comprises: at least one manually actuatable switch having a home state and manually actuatable from the home state to one of a set of first states and manually actuatable from the set of first states to one of a set of second states including the home state. A first signal corresponding to a transition from the home state to a selected one of the set of first states is produced and a second signal corresponding to a transition from the selected one of the set of first states to a selected one of the set of second states is produced. An output signal representing one symbol is produced in response to the first and second signals.

Abstract: A display system for aircraft for showing the attitude, particularly the rolling and pitching position or the flight path angle, comprising a windshield projection device (HUD "HEAD-UP DISPLAY") with devices for generating and displaying an airplane symbol, a symbol which is stabilized fixed to earth for the displaying of the position of the true horizon as well as for generating and displaying symbols for the rolling and pitching angle or of the path angle in the exterior field of view of the pilot as a function of the values measured by the corresponding instruments. In this case, a display of the attitude is generated by means of a reference symbol representing the airplane and an information symbol which changes with respect to the reference symbol in its position and shape--and is dependent on the rolling angle (.phi.) and pitching angle (.theta.) or path angle (.gamma.).

Abstract: Under a transparent board-like digitizer, a screen of the same size as that of the digitizer is positioned. Scenes of a display device is shown on the screen. A co-ordinates standard of the digitizer is set to be identical with that of the screen. Consequently, the point indicated on the digitizer of a first cursor device is shown at a position corresponding to that of the point indicated by means of the cursor. In a circle drawing mode of the digitizer, when the operator places the cursor device on the digitizer and co-ordinates data are inputted to a computer, a plot circle corresponding to the co-ordinates data is displayed on the screen. When the operator makes the plot circle by means of the cursor device, the computer selects a radial input system. On the other hand, when the operator uses the cursor device and selects the exterior of the plot circle, a transient point input system is selected.

Abstract: A still picture display apparatus displays a still picture in which characters each composed of combination of a predetermined number of dots on a raster scan monitor in accordance with character data and program data both stored in an external storage device in advance. Offset data of at least one of a horizontal direction and a vertical direction correspondingly to each character is stored in an offset table formed in the external storage device. A picture processing unit determines an address on the basis of the offset data and at least one of a horizontal position and a vertical position, and reads video data from a video data memory according to the address to apply to the raster scan monitor.

Abstract: A method of driving a gray scale and a drive circuit therefor are provided in which the simplification and reduction of the operating speed of a circuit for generating display voltages in a matrix display device are promoted, and low cost and multi-color display of high minuteness are simultaneously realized. The display circuit for generating the display voltages is composed of an image signal processing circuit for dividing an input digital image signal into plural bit groups, a first display voltage generating circuit for generating the display voltages corresponding to the first bit group obtained by the division, a second display voltage generating circuit for generating the display voltages corresponding to the second bit group obtained by the division, and a line-at-a-time timing circuit. The first and second display voltage generating circuits are operated in parallel to combine the outputs thereof with one another, thereby to generate a gray scale displaying voltage.

Abstract: In order to reduce the capacity of a character ROM without reducing the character information, n-bit bit pattern data and sequence data having information necessary for composing n-bit m components are stored in first memory means (character ROM). Second memory means has addresses corresponding to each display position on the screen and holds addresses for the first memory means as a data. In accordance with the address from the second memory means and the sequence data from the first memory means, address modifying means produces an address of a scanning line with respect to pertinent character for the first memory means. According to this address, the bit pattern data is read out from the first memory means.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel, and a device and a method using the panel for displaying alphanumeric characters. The inventive liquid crystal panel has a structure that groups of display segments are arranged as display units; each of the groups including twenty-two display segments: four segments located in four corners of a rough quadrilateral, two oblong segments located on a left side area of the quadrilateral, two oblong segments located in a right side area of the quadrilateral, three segments located on a lower side area of the quadrilateral, nine segments in three columns in three rows located inside of the quadrilateral outlined by the above thirteen segments, and two segments located on an upper side area of the quadrilateral and having a width larger than those of the above nine segments inside the quadrilateral. In the inventive liquid crystal panel, a predetermined character data is displayed by actuating predetermined segments among the twenty-two segments on the panel.

Abstract: A graticule display processor that can produce an adaptive graticule for a raster-scan output waveform monitor. The graticule may be displayed in front of the waveform, behind the waveform or mixed with the waveform. The graticule can change the waveform's color or intensity in specific regions, thereby enhancing the appearance of over range conditions. A specific use is to allow the vector functions of phase and gain to be monitored in the waveform mode.