Abstract: For the processing of waste oil, i.e. environmentally safe processing, a process and installation are used whereby the waste oil is preheated with the distillation gases and is then distilled itself by burning the distilled waste oil. The liquid and solid residues are exposed to the flame produced by the combustion of the distilled waste oil, while the gaseous residues are heated to over 1,200.degree. C. in a long-hold chamber constructed as a fume incinerator. In order to calcine the solid or burn the liquid residues, they are collected in the distillation chamber and transported via a rotating cylinder and a chute into the combustion chamber where they are then correspondingly calcined by the burner flame. In contrast, the gaseous residues are fed to a long-hold chamber, whereby the latter is a pipe system with a length of 75 m or more.

Abstract: An improved method for the dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls that are dissolved in an organic solvent, which comprises the incremental additions of a hydrogen transfer agent, such as potassium formate, in the presence of a catalytic amount of a hydrogenation catalyst, such as palladium supported on carbon, and water.

Abstract: There is provided a process for ring opening of aromatics or cycloaliphatics, as well as isomerization of aliphatics. The feedstream to this process comprises hydrocarbons having 6 carbon atoms. The process involves the use of a recycle stream containing a source of chlorine, such as carbon tetrachloride, and this process involves the use of at least two reactors connected in series. The first reactor comprises a ring opening catalyst and is operated under conditions which particularly promote ring opening. The catalyst in this first reactor may comprise zirconia modified with tungstate and platinum. A second, downstream reactor is operated under conditions to promote isomerization of aliphatics. The catalyst in the second reactor may comprise alumina, platinum and a chloride component. The catalysts in both the first and second reactors are chlorine resistant.

Abstract: Oxides of nitrogen (NO.sub.x) emissions from FCC regenerators in complete CO combustion mode are reduced by degrading regenerator performance to increase the coke on regenerated catalyst. High zeolite content cracking catalyst, regenerated to contain more coke, gives efficient conversion of feed and reduces NO.sub.x emissions from the regenerator. Operating with less catalyst, e.g., 30-60% of the normal amount of catalyst in the bubbling dense bed, can eliminate most NO.sub.x emissions while increasing slightly plant capacity and reducing catalyst deactivation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of separating a butadiene extracting solvent that forms an azeotrope with vinylcyclohexene from a mixture with vinylcyclohexene. The mixture is cooled to a temperature below 0.degree. C. which results in the formation of a vinylcyclohexene phase over an extracting solvent phase and the two phases are physically separated. Also disclosed is apparatus suitable for performing this process.

Abstract: Highly microporous zirconia particulates having pore sizes of an average diameter of less than 20 .ANG. (2 nm), well adapted as catalysts and catalyst supports, are prepared by thermohydrolyzing a zirconium salt, separating the resulting precipitate from the medium of thermohydrolysis and then calcining such precipitate, and wherein an anion more covalent than the hydroxyl anion, e.g., a nitrate, sulfate, phosphate or carboxylate, is incorporated into such precipitate upstream of the calcination thereof.

Abstract: Process and catalyst for dehydrogenation or dehydrocyclization of hydrocarbons. The catalyst consists of an aluminum oxide/chromium oxide support with promotors consisting of compounds of alkali metals and/or alkaline earth metals and compounds of metals from the third and/or fourth subgroups of the periodic table. Coke formation and side reactions can be substantially suppressed by the use of these catalysts under special operating conditions and special reactors.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for hydrogenating treatment of a heavy hydrocarbon oil comprising the successive steps of (1) hydrogenating-demetalizing treatment, (2) hydrocracking treatment and (3) hydrodesulfurizing-hydrodenitrifying treatment in the presence of respective catalysts which process comprises employing in the hydrodesulfurizing-hydrodenitrifying treatment, a catalyst having a pore size distribution restricted to a specific range as measured by nitrogen release method. According to the above-mentioned process, a product oil with a low sulfur content can be obtained in high cracking efficiency from a heavy hydrocarbon oil without equipment trouble due to sludge formation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to solid compositions comprising acyl isethionate and betaines, to compositions comprising acyl isethionate and amidosulfosuccinate, and to compositions comprising acyl isethionate, betaine and amidosulfosuccinate.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a heterogeneous catalyst particularly suited to the metathetic reactions of olefins in liquid or gas phase. Such a catalyst generally includes catalytically active species of tungsten on an inorganic support. The catalyst in accordance with the invention is prepared by vaporizing a precursor of tungsten, such as tungsten oxychloride or hexachloride and then routing the vapor of the tungsten-containing reagent into a reaction space, where the vapor is brought to interaction with the support material at approximately 160.degree. to 500.degree. C. The vapor pressure of the tungsten-containing reagent is kept sufficiently high, and the duration of interaction with the support sufficiently long, to keep the amount of the reagent at least equal to the number of available bonding sites of the support, whereby the bonding of the tungsten-containing reagent to the support surface is determined by the surface properties of the support.

Abstract: A method of catalytically hydroconverting a hydrocarbon feed stream containing a substantial quantity of components boiling above about 1000.degree. F. to convert a substantial portion thereof to components boiling below 1000.degree. F. is disclosed. More particularly, aromatic heavy oil additive, such as Heavy Cycle Gas Oil, is added to a heavy hydrocarbon feed stream and the stream is contacted with a solid catalyst and an oil-miscible metal naphthenate. The method disclosed herein advantageously substantially eliminates plugging of the hydroconversion reactor and minimizes the amount of insolubles in the total liquid product.

Abstract: This invention relates to a supported catalyst composition useful in the polymerization of olefins and to a method for its production. The invention particularly relates to the use of undehydrated silica gel containing from about 6 to about 20 per cent by weight adsorbed water as the catalyst support material. The catalyst is formed by first reacting a trialkylaluminum compound with a metallocene, and subsequently reacting the resulting material with the undehydrated silica gel. The resulting supported metallocene-alumoxane catalyst has a level of activity comparable to that of conventionally made supported catalysts which are achieved at active metal loadings which are reduced from the loadings used in the previously known metallocene-alumoxane catalysts by at least 20%, and preferably 50%.

Abstract: Oxides of nitrogen (NO.sub.x) emissions from an FCC regenerator are reduced by operating the regenerator in partial CO burn mode and adding substoichiometric, or just stoichiometric air to the flue gas. Much CO and most NO.sub.x and NO.sub.x precursors are thermally converted at 2000.degree.-2900.degree. F., then the gas is cooled below about 1800.degree. F. and burning of CO completed.

Abstract: A process is provided for the removal of tertiary butyl chloride from a hydrocarbon stream, wherein the hydrocarbon stream is contacted at a temperature of from about 130.degree. to about 170.degree. C. with a particulate calcium oxide containing from 1 to 10 mole % of a Group 3 or 4 compound and the hydrocarbon stream is recovered containing a reduced level of tertiary butyl chloride.

Abstract: Novel catalyst compositions, useful in the production of linear alternating polymers of carbon monoxide and at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon, comprise a compound of palladium, a Lewis acid of the formula MF.sub.n wherein n is 3 or 5 and M is a Group III or V element which forms a binary fluoride, and a bidentate ligand of phosphorus, nitrogen or sulfur.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for fluid catalytic cracking. The system includes a method and means for decreasing and increasing the slip velocity of a hydrocarbon reaction stream to further enhance catalytic cracking of the hydrocarbon within the reaction stream. The system also allows for control of residence time within both a riser and a collection and velocity reducing means to provide for more complete cracking of the hydrocarbon without leading to additional coking of the catalytic cracking catalyst.

Abstract: There is provided a catalyst comprising a heteropoly acid, such as phosphotungstic acid, supported on a mesoporous crystalline material, such as M41S. A particular form of this M41S support is designated as MCM-41. There is also provided a method for preparing this catalyst by impregnating the heteropoly acid on the support. There is also provided a process for using this catalyst to catalyze acid catalyzed reactions, such as the isomerization of paraffins and the alkylation of aromatics.

Abstract: An improved process is disclosed for the isomerization of pentenes in the absence of hydrogen using a catalyst comprising a non-zeolitic molecular sieve. It is of particular interest to increase the proportion of olefins containing tertiary carbons in the product with low formation of undesirable by-products. Product olefins may be further processed to obtain methyl t-amyl ether, which enjoy high current interest as components for reformulated gasoline. Pentenes in raffinate from etherification may be returned to the isomerization process.

Abstract: This invention relates to hydrocarbon conversion processes using novel molecular sieve compositions as the catalyst. These molecular sieves contain chromium in the framework structure along with aluminum and silicon. The process of preparing the chromium-containing molecular sieves involves contacting a starting molecular sieve with a solution or slurry of a fluoro salt of chromium under effective process conditions to provide for aluminum extraction and substitution of chromium.

Abstract: Coke formation and coil corrosion in pyrolysis furnaces is controlled by adding a mixture of a Group IA metal salt, a Group IIA metal salt and a boron acid or salt thereof to the hydrocarbon feedstock for the pyrolysis furnace.