Abstract: A present heating system or heating and cooling system does not include a tank for storing potable hot water in anticipation of a potable hot water demand. Although one or more temperature sensors may be used for providing feedback to heating of the contents of a tank water heater to achieve a setpoint temperature, the effect of stratification can cause layers of fluid having different temperatures in the tank water heater. Therefore, although portions of the contents of a water heater may be disposed at a setpoint temperature that is unfavorable for Legionella proliferation, there potentially exists other portions that may be disposed at temperatures suitable for Legionella proliferation, especially when the contents have been left unused for an extended period of time.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for latent heat extraction of an air stream eliminates the need for recirculation pumps and uses the pressure in the chilled water supply to the primary chilled water cooling coil to motivate the water through the precooling and reheat coils of a run-around system. The energy transfer lowers the air temperature entering the primary coil so that the primary coil can provide a greater amount of latent heat extraction from the air stream. Both the precooling and the primary coils can share the primary cooling function for periods of peak cooling demand when precooling is not required thereby reducing the required primary cooling coil size. Enhancements combine the functions of a precooling coil, a primary cooling coil, and a reheat coil into precooling, cooling, and reheat coil portions in a single integrated housing comprising the coil portions sharing the housing.

Abstract: An HVACR system, a direct expansion evaporator, and a direct expansion heat exchanger tube arranged to evaporate a working fluid inside the tube are disclosed. The tube includes an exterior surface of the tube opposing an inner surface of the tube, and a cavity layer on the inner surface configured to evaporate the working fluid flowing in a first flow path arranged to direct the first fluid to flow through the tube and contact the cavity layer on the inner surface. A second flow path, separate from the first flow path, is arranged to direct a second fluid across the tube and to contact the extended member on the exterior surface of the tube such that the first fluid exchanges thermal energy with the second fluid.

Abstract: A refrigerant amount determining device includes: an operation data acquiring unit configured to acquire operation data of an air conditioning system; a calculating unit configured to calculate a refrigerant amount index value from the operation data acquired; an inferring unit configured to infer information regarding correction of the refrigerant amount index value using a correction model and at least one of the acquired operation data or the calculated refrigerant amount index value; and a determining unit configured to determine a refrigerant amount of the air conditioning system based on the information regarding correction of the refrigerant amount index value.

Abstract: An inverter module according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a high voltage circuit unit which generates an inverter control voltage and a motor driving voltage by using a first DC voltage; a high voltage circuit pattern which electrically connects the high voltage circuit unit; a low voltage circuit unit which communicates with an external device by using a second DC voltage having a smaller magnitude than the first DC voltage; and a low voltage circuit pattern which electrically connects the low voltage circuit unit. The high voltage circuit pattern and the low voltage circuit pattern are spaced apart from each other.

Abstract: A rotary compressor includes a casing, a compression mechanism housed in the casing and having a suction port, a joint pipe fixed to the casing and formed into a cylindrical shape, a suction pipe arranged inside the joint pipe and communicating with the suction port, and an accumulator including an outlet pipe connected to an inlet end of the suction pipe. A large diameter portion formed on an inlet side of the suction pipe is fixed to an inner peripheral surface of the joint pipe, and a small diameter portion formed on an outlet side of the suction pipe has a smaller outside diameter than the large diameter portion. The joint pipe is made of an iron-based material. A clearance is formed between an outer peripheral surface of the small diameter portion of the suction pipe and the inner peripheral surface of the joint pipe.

Abstract: The present invention includes: an electric component; a compression component driven by the electric component; and a sealed container accommodating the electric component and the compression component. The compression component includes: a shaft part rotated by the electric component; and a bearing part slidingly contacting the shaft part. A film having hardness equal to or more than hardness of a sliding surface of the bearing part is provided on a sliding surface of the shaft part. The sliding surface of the bearing part includes a curved-surface portion having an inner diameter that continuously increases, or the sliding surface of the shaft part includes a curved-surface portion having an outer diameter that continuously decreases.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for determining an efficiency curve of a chiller that includes operating a chiller over a range of operating capacities, measuring a temperature of water entering the chiller at an initial capacity, measuring a temperature of water exiting the chiller at the initial capacity, measuring a power consumption of the chiller at the initial capacity, calculating an initial efficiency of the chiller at the initial capacity, measuring a plurality of temperatures of water entering the chiller at a plurality of capacities, measuring a plurality of temperatures of water exiting the chiller at each of the plurality of capacities, measuring a plurality of power consumptions at each of the plurality of capacities, calculating a plurality of efficiencies at each of the plurality of capacities, and generating an efficiency curve for the chiller with the initial efficiency and the plurality of efficiencies.

Abstract: A liquid hydrogen reservoir and a method for operating a liquid hydrogen reservoir. The liquid hydrogen reservoir includes a cryostatic container operable to hold liquid hydrogen; a discharge line operable to discharge gaseous hydrogen in the cryostatic container; a boil-off management system (BMS), a return line, and a boil-off valve (BOV). The BMS that includes a mixing chamber operable to mix the gaseous hydrogen with ambient air, a catalyst arranged downstream of the mixing chamber and operable for a catalytic conversion of the gaseous hydrogen with the ambient air, and an exhaust gas line arranged downstream of the catalyst and operable to discharge the gas stream to the environment. The return line is operable to connect the exhaust gas line to the mixing chamber to facilitate a return flow of at least a partial stream of the exhaust gas line into the mixing chamber.

Abstract: An air conditioning device has: a refrigerant circuit that includes a compressor, a switching valve, a cascade heat exchanger, an expansion valve and an outdoor heat exchanger connected to one another by a first pipe through which a refrigerant flows, and that performs a defrosting operation in which the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is introduced into the outdoor heat exchanger; a heat-transfer medium circuit that includes a pump, the cascade heat exchanger, and the indoor heat exchanger connected to one another by a second pipe through which a heat-transfer medium flows; and a control device that controls the compressor and the pump. When an amount of heat storage of the heat-transfer medium is less than a threshold, the control device reduces the heating capability of the indoor heat exchanger when the air conditioning device transitions from a heating operation to the defrosting operation.

Abstract: An air conditioning system can be toggled between a heating mode, in which heat is withdrawn from a source (e.g., a geothermal source) and deposited into a conditioned space (e.g., a building), and a cooling mode, in which heat is withdrawn from the conditioned space and deposited into the source. The air conditioning system uses a combination of efficiency-enhancing technologies, including injection of superheated vapor into the system's compressor from an economizer circuit, adjustable compressor speed, the use of one or coaxial heat exchangers and the use of electronic expansion valves that are continuously adjustable from a fully closed to various open positions. A controller may be used to control the system for optimal performance in both the heating and cooling modes, such as by disabling the economizer circuit and vapor injection when the system is in the cooling mode.

Abstract: A food product dispenser including a cabinet; a freezing cylinder; an evaporator including a fluid path that generally encircles the freezing cylinder; a compressor located within the cabinet at a location below the freezing cylinder; a condenser at least partially positioned between the compressor and the evaporator; a variable flow expansion valve located within the cabinet and having a first inlet fluidly coupled to the condenser outlet and a first outlet fluidly coupled to the evaporator inlet and a second variable flow expansion valve located within the cabinet having a second inlet fluidly coupled to the condenser outlet and a second fluid outlet coupled to the compressor inlet.

Abstract: A refrigerator may include a storage part including a compressor and an evaporator and configured to store a food item at a low temperature using air cooled by the evaporator. The refrigerator may also include an ice making compartment configured to make or store ice using air cooled by the evaporator, and a fan for making ice allowing air cooled by the evaporator to flow to the ice making compartment. Additionally, a rotation speed of the fan for making ice changes while the fan for making ice continues to operate during operation of the compressor.

Abstract: A cryopump includes an accommodation space for a condensed layer of gas, a first-stage cryopanel having an inner surface of the first-stage cryopanel disposed so as to surround the accommodation space, and a second-stage cryopanel disposed so as to be surrounded by the inner surface of the first-stage cryopanel together with the accommodation space. A first-stage heat load is incident on the inner surface of the first-stage cryopanel from outside the cryopump through an intake port, and the gas enters the accommodation space from outside the cryopump. The first-stage cryopanel is cooled to a temperature higher than a condensation temperature of the gas, the second-stage cryopanel is cooled to a temperature of the condensation temperature or less, and the condensed layer is deposited. The cryopump monitors the amount of condensed gas in the accommodation space based on a change in the first-stage heat load.

Abstract: A heat pump includes a vapor compression system and a cooling unit thermally coupled to the vapor compression system. A purge system is arranged in fluid communication with the vapor compression system. The purge system includes at least one separator operable to separate contaminants from a refrigerant purge gas provided to the purge system from the vapor compression system.

Abstract: A method of purging contaminants from a refrigerant of a heat pump via a purge system includes generating a driving force across a separator, providing refrigerant including contaminants to the separator, separating the contaminants from the refrigerant within the separator, monitoring one or more parameters of the purge system and the heat pump, and actively controlling an operational parameter of the purge system in response to monitoring one or more parameters of the purge system and the heat pump.

Abstract: An ice-lined vaccine refrigerator includes a vaccine storage compartment, an electrically powered cooling circuit, the electrically powered cooling circuit being configured to generate an ice-lining and to cool the vaccine storage compartment; an AC power inlet adapted for connection to an external supply of AC power; and a refrigerant compressor forming part of the electrically powered cooling circuit and adapted to be powered by the external supply of AC power through the AC power inlet. Reliability is improved by using a DC powered compressor and an AC/DC convertor to convert AC power received at the AC power inlet to DC power to power the compressor.

Abstract: A water chamber structure for a condenser, including an orifice plate arranged at one end of the condenser; a water cover fixed to the orifice plate in a sealed manner to form a water storage space; and a partition plate assembly for dividing the water storage space into a water inlet chamber and a water outlet chamber in a sealed manner, including: a first partition plate, the top and side walls of the first partition plate are fixed to the inner walls of the water cover; and a second partition plate, the top of the second partition plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the first partition plate, the bottom of the second partition plate is fixed to the orifice plate, and the side walls of the second partition plate are connected with the inner walls of the water cover in a sealed manner.

Abstract: A lubricant supply system is for a compressor that compresses a first working fluid in a heat transfer circuit. The lubricant supply system includes a lubricant tank, a lubricant pathway for supplying lubricant from the lubricant tank to one or more bearings of the compressor, and a lubricant refrigeration system with a lubricant heater and a lubricant cooler. The lubricant heater configured to heat the lubricant discharged from the one or more bearings and the lubricant cooler configured to cool the lubricant flowing through the lubricant pathway. A method of lubricating a compressor includes heating the lubricant, directing the lubricant from a lubricant tank through a lubricant pathway to one or more bearings of the compressor, and cooling the lubricant passing through the lubricant pathway.

Abstract: An air conditioning system includes: a controller that controls an air conditioner; a thermostat that measures a temperature of an air conditioning target space, changes a contact point to an ON state or an OFF state in accordance with a measurement result, and manages input of a control signal to the controller to control operation of a component of the air conditioner; a connection line group that electrically connects the thermostat and the controller; a relay that switches, to either a conductive state or a cut-off state, at least one of a first connection line that controls a compressor of the air conditioner or a second connection line that controls an indoor fan of the air conditioner, among the connection line group; and a leakage detection sensor that detects refrigerant leakage from the air conditioner, and outputs a signal that controls the relay.