Abstract: A liquid crystalline material for use in optic displays has the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can be the same or different and are generally an alkyl group having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or other groups as set forth herein. Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 can be the same or different and generally is an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a halogen, a cyano, or hydrogen. Such a material has a wide nematic range, good viscosity and good solubility such that it can be readily utilized in commercial applications. The nematic material can also be utilized with small amounts of dichroic dyes or mixed with other liquid crystalline materials.

Abstract: Novel chiral smectic ester compounds suitable for a display mode utilizing ferroelectric liquid crystals, and liquid crystal compositions containing the same are provided, which compounds are expressed by the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents an alkyl group of 1 to 18 carbon atoms; R* represents an optically active alkyl group of 4 to 18 carbon atoms; X represents either one of a single bond, --O-- ##STR2## A represents ##STR3## and m and n each is 1 or 2.

Abstract: A method for the orientation of a liquid crystalline substance with respect to a substrate to which the substance is to be applied, the method comprising treating the surface of the substrate prior to application of the substance with a solution of at least one steroid, or at least one porphyrin dyestuff or both.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition comprising at least one optically active liquid crystal compound represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.2 stands for a linear alkyl group and R.sub.1 * stands for an alkoxy or acyloxy group having an asymmetric carbon atom,and at least one optically active liquid crystal compound represented by the following general formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.3 * stands for an alkyl group having an asymmetric carbon atom and R.sub.4 stands for a linear alkyl group.

Abstract: Ferroelectric (chiral) smectic liquid crystal compounds having an achiral core and chiral tail units derived from (2,3)-epoxyalkyloxiranemethanols possess a high ferroelectric polarization density. These newly made compounds exhibit high speed, multistate electro-optic switching properties which make then ideally suited to certain electro-optic display device applications.

Abstract: The present invention concerns novel cholesteric liquid crystalline monomers and combinations thereof with materials that will support formation of a mixture which demonstrates cholesteric liquid crystalline properties. These materials may be formed as coatings, heated or cooled to a desired temperature to cause the cholesteric coating to exhibit a desired optical response, and photopolymerized to essentially fix the optical characteristics of the resulting polymer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein m is a number from 0 to 10, n is a number from 5 to 14, and C having an asterisk indicates an asymmetric carbon atom.

Abstract: In one embodiment this invention provides a polymeric, nonlinear optical medium comprising a thin substrate of wholly aromatic thermotropic liquid crystal polymer having an uniaxial orthogonal molecular orientation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a group of organic compounds of the 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(4'-trifluoromethylphenyl)-ethane ester type having a mesomorphous phase of the smectic A type, to the mixtures obtained from said compounds, as well as to the process for producing the molecules of said group. The compound according to the invention is in accordance with the general chemical formula: ##STR1## whereby n can be between 1 and 15.

Abstract: The present invention concerns novel cholesteric liquid crystalline monomers which are useful to form polymeric materials having unique optical properties.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material which comprises a support having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer containing dispersed therein at least one magenta coupler represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, each represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, X represents a hydrogen atom or a group capable of being eliminated upon coupling with an oxidation product of an aromatic primary amine developing agent, Z represents a nitrogen atom or --CR.sup.6 where R.sup.6 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent and dimers or higher polymers thereof,together with at least one high boiling organic solvent represented by the following general formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.

Abstract: Boric acid, an acidifying agent, and an optional complexing agent are mixed to form an aqueous solution which is used to etch and polish metal halide. The solution is used to wet a polishing pad which is mounted on a rotating planar wheel. The metal halide is brought into contact with the pad thereby polishing the surface of the metal halide.

Abstract: A terpolymer of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene and perfluoro(propyl vinyl ether) having good stress crack resistance is described.

Abstract: Poly(azidomethyl)benzenes having the formulaC.sub.6 H.sub.6-N (CH.sub.2 N.sub.3).sub.Nwherein n represents 3 to 6 inclusive. These compounds are for use as novel xplosives.

Abstract: A silver halide color light-sensitive material having excellent properties for a sensitization treatment is described, containing a polymer coupler having an average molecular weight higher than 30,000 and having a polymeric unit derived from a monomeric magenta coupler represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, chlorine, or a lower alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; A is a phenylene group, a --CONH-- group, or a --COO-- group; B is an unsubstituted or substituted alkylene group, an unsubstituted or substituted aralkylene group, or an unsubstituted or substituted phenylene group; Y is --O--, --NH--, --S--, --SO--, --SO.sub.2 --, --CONH--, --COO--, --NHCO--, or --NHCONH--; Q is a residue of a megenta color-forming coupler which forms a dye through coupling with the oxidation product of an aromatic primary amine developer; and m is 1 when n is 1, and m is 0 or 1 when n is 0.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel N-[(heterocyclic)(alkyl)aminocarbonyl]benzenesulfonamides and their use as agricultural chemicals.

Abstract: Poly (p-xylylidenes) having a high degree of polymerization in the form of films, foams or highly molecularly oriented films and fibers are chemically modified from insulators to conducting materials by exposure to either p- or n-type dopants. Poly (p-xylylidene) films are cast from aqueous solutions of a poly (p-xylene-.alpha.-dimethylsulfonium salt) polyelectrolyte. Processing of the films at elevated temperatures can yield both fibers and foams. Exposure of the poly (p-xylylidene) films, fibers or foams to p-type dopants result in an up to fifteen order of magnitude increase in conductivity, while n-type coping yields a nine order of magnitude increase. Doping of molecularly oriented films and fibers yields a highly anisotropic conductor with a greatly improved conductivity in the orientation direction.

Abstract: A new ternary rare earth sulfur compound having the formula:La.sub.3-x M.sub.x S.sub.4where M is a rare earth element selected from the group europium, samarium and ytterbium and x=0.15 to 0.8.The compound has good high-temperature thermoelectric properties and exhibits long-term structural stability up to 1000.degree. C.

Abstract: A method of converting low H.sub.2 /CO ratio syngas to carbonaceous products comprising reacting the syngas with water or steam at 200.degree. to 350.degree. C. in the presence of a metal catalyst supported on zinc oxide. Hydrocarbons are produced with a catalyst selected from cobalt, nickel or ruthenium and alcohols are produced with a catalyst selected from palladium, platinium, ruthenium or copper on the zinc oxide support. The ratio of the reactants are such that for alcohols and saturated hydrocarbons:(2n+1).gtoreq.x.gtoreq.Oand for olefinic hydrocarbons:2n.gtoreq.x.gtoreq.Owhere n is the number of carbon atoms in the product and x is the molar amount of water in the reaction mixture.

Abstract: Novel poly (allyl azide) compositions are produced by reacting a poly (al nitrate) of molecular weight at least about 400 with a metal azide in the presence of an inert liquid solvent or diluent. The poly (allyl azides), which may contain residual nitro groups, are energetic materials, which are useful in propellants for guns, missiles and rockets and in detonator and igniter compositions for explosive charges.