Abstract: Process for preparation of toner particles for electrostatic liquid developers utilizing a single vessel wherein (A) a thermoplastic resin and hydrocarbon liquid having a Kauri-butanol value of less than 120 at a total of solids of at least 22% by weight are dispersed in the vessel by moving particulate media (crating shear) at elevated temperature to plasticize and liquify the resin, (B) while the particulate media are maintained in continuous motion the dispersion is cooled whereby the resin precipitates in the form of toner particle having an average by area particle size of 10 .mu.m or less, and (C) the particulate media are removed. Liquid electrostatic developers are prepared by the addition of a charge director compound. The liquid developers are prepared in a shorter time that previously known processes. The liquid developers are useful for preparation of copies and proofs of various colors.

Abstract: The method of electrophotographically manufacturing a screen assembly on a substrate for use within a CRT, according to the present invention, includes the steps of sequentially coating a substrate with a conductive layer and an overcoating of a photoconductive layer, establishing an electrostatic charge on the photoconductive layer, and exposing selected areas of the photoconductive layer to visible light to affect the charge thereon. Then the photoconductive layer is developed with a charged screen structure material. The improved process utilizes a dry-powdered screen structure material having at least a surface charge control agent thereon to control the triboelectrical charging of the screen structure material.

Abstract: Positive electrostatic liquid developer consisting essentially of(A) nonpolar liquid having Kauri-butanol value less than 30, present in major amount,(B) thermoplastic resin particles having an organic sulfur-containing compound which is substantially insoluble in the nonpolar liquid at ambient temperatures, as defined dispersed therein and average particle size by area being less than 10 .mu.m, and(C) nonpolar liquid soluble ionic or zwitterionic charge director compound. Optionally a colorant and charge adjuvant are present. The electrostatic liquid developer is useful in copying, making proofs including digital color proofs, lithographic printing plates, and resists.

Abstract: The method of electrophotographically manufacturing a luminescent screen assembly on a substrate of a CRT, according to the present invention, includes the steps of coating the substrate with a conductive layer and overcoating the conductive layer with a photoconductive layer, establishing an electrostatic charge on the photoconductive layer, and exposing selected areas of the photoconductive layer to visible light to affect the charge thereon. Then, the selected areas of the photoconductive layer are developed with triboelectrically charged, dry-powdered, surface-treated screen structure materials. The improved process increases the adherence of the surface-treated materials to the photoconductive layer by contacting the surface-treated materials with a solvent to render the photoconductive layer and the materials tacky.

Abstract: A carrier composition with a conductivity of from about 10.sup.4 to about 10.sup.10 (ohm-cm).sup.-1, and comprised of a mixture of a first carrier component and a second carrier component, at least one of said carrier components containing a polymeric coating thereover, and wherein at least one coating contains conductive particles.

Abstract: An electrophotographic dry toner having excellent properties with respect to charging, RH stability and fusing is made in a process in which the binder polymer is formed by suspension polymerizing a styrene-acrylic monomer mixture in the presence of a polyester-promoted colloidal silica suspending agent which is free of other hydrophilic polymers. The resulting polymer is melt blended with toner addenda such as a colorant and a charge control agent and the mixture is pulverized to form the toner composition.

Abstract: An electrophotographic master plate for lithographic printing is disclosed. The plate comprises a conductive support having thereon at least one photographic layer containing photoconductive zinc oxide and at least one binder resin, wherein at least one functional group contained in at least one component of the binder resin is a group represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein X represents ##STR2## wherein Y represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; R.sub.2, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3, each represents a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic group; n represents 5 or 6; Z represents an organic group forming a cyclic imido group; and R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, and R.sub.8, each represents a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic group; or at least one of the group R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 and the group R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 combine with each other to form a condensed ring.

Abstract: This, invention relates to electrostatic imaging systems, and, more particularly, color-self-developing toner particles and processes for the fabrication and use thereof. A blend of these toner particles is useful in multicolor electrostatic imaging using a single dry or liquid toner bath. Potential applications include full-color xerographic copying, full-color printing, full-color computer-generated imaging, and the like.

Abstract: A developer for developing electrostatic latent images comprises negatively chargeable toner particles and hydrophobic, negatively chargeable silica fine power,said silica fine powder being obtained by treating silica fine powder with a silane coupling agent represented by the following formula:R.sub.m SiY.sub.n or Y.sub.3 --Si--NH--Si--Y.sub.3and treating further said treated silica fine powder with a silicone oil having the structure: ##STR1## An image forming method comprises forming an electrostatic latent image on a photosensitive drum; developing said latent image with a developer to form toner images, said developer comprising negatively chargeable toner particles and, hydrophobic, negatively chargeable silica fine powder,said silica fine powder being obtained by treating silica fine powder with a silane coupling agent represented by the following formula:R.sub.m SiY.sub.n or Y.sub.3 --Si--NH--Si--Y.sub.

Abstract: A negative charging carrier for an electrophotographic developer is described, comprising a binder resin having dispersed therein a magnetic powder, wherein said carrier contains a fluorine-containing resin fine powder in an amount of from 5 to 50% by weight based on the total weight of the carrier. The carrier provides a developer for magnetic brush development having a prolonged life and a high rate of development.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of improving the sharpness of multiple copies made from a single imagewise exposure using an electrostatographic film buffer element having an insulating layer in between a conductive layer and a photoconductive layer, where the element is simultaneously charged and imagewise exposed and then uniformly exposed with light to bury the charges. The improvement consists of performing the uniform exposure with light that is absorbed by the photoconductive layer and does not penetrate through the photoconductive layer to the insulating layer.

Abstract: An image forming method wherein a latent image is formed by subjecting an image retainer having a photoconductive layer to a image exposure, a toner image is formed by developing the latent image with a toner, each the step of forming the latent image and the step of forming the toner image are repeated at least one time, and a plurality of toner images formed on the image retainer to a transfer material. At least one of the toner images is formed with a toner which has a spectral transmissivity as to substantially absorb a visible light but transmit a light having a wavelength of 750 nm or more. The latent image is formed by subjecting the image retainer bearing the toner image to an image exposure with a light containing a wavelength component of 750 nm or more.

Abstract: The invention relates to 4-chlorooxazole derivatives of the general formula I ##STR1## which carry an unsaturated group in the 2- or 5-position, e.g., the --CH.dbd.CH-- or --CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CH-- group.In the formulaR.sub.1 is phenyl, which is optionally substituted in one or more positions by (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkoxy or di-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkylamino radicals andR.sub.2 is phenyl, phenyloxazolyl, pyridyl, julolidin-9-yl, N-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl)-carbazol-3-yl, coumarin-6-yl, or stilben-4-yl, which are optionally substituted in one or more positions by (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)-alkoxy, halogen-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alioxy, hydroxy, halogen, di-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkylamino, or dibenzylamino radicals.The compounds are used as photoconductive substances.

Abstract: An imaged copy film comprising (a) a polymeric film substrate, (b) an image-receiving layer comprising a terpolymer of a vinyl halide, a vinyl ester of a saturated aliphatic carboxylic acid and a functional group-containing unsaturated termonomer, and (c) an electrostatic copying toner image layer. Toner adhesion is improved and the applied images exhibit superior resistance to abrasion and erasure.

Abstract: An organic photoconductor comprising a charge generation layer and on top thereof a charge transport layer having a higher concentration of charge transport molecules nearer the charge generation layer than in the topmost portion.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a conductive support, and a photosensitive layer containing as azo pigment as a charge-generating material, wherein in a powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the azo pigment contained in said photosensitive layer the ratio (X) of the diffracted beam intensity at a maximum peak at 2.theta. of from 5.degree. to 20.degree. to the X-ray intensity at the background is 0.8 or more, provided that:X=(P-B)/B,whereinP: X-ray intensity at a peak position at the maximum peak; andB: X-ray intensity at a peak position on the line connecting the bottoms at the both sides of the maximum peak.

Abstract: A life of a starting liquid developer for electrostatic photography is prolonged by using a supplemental developer that returns an electrically charged state of the developer varied by repeated use of the developer to an original or appropriate state of the electrical charge for electrostatic photography.

Abstract: An imaging system in which an imaging member comprising a substrate and an electrically insulating softenable layer on the substrate, the softenable layer comprising migration marking material locked at least at or near the surface of the softenable layer spaced from the substrate, and a charge transport material in the softenable layer is imaged by electrostatically charging the member, exposing the member to activating radiation in an imagewise pattern, and decreasing the resistance to migration of marking material in the softenable layer sufficiently to allow the migration marking material struck by activating radiation to substantially migrate in depth towards the substrate in image configuration.

Abstract: Disclosed are a photoconductive composition containing a new tetrakisazo compound of the following formula (1) and an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer which contains the tetrakisazo compound of the formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.11, R.sup.12, A, Ar.sup.1, Ar.sup.2, Ar.sup.3, Ar.sup.4, Ar.sup.5, and Ar.sup.6 are defined hereinbefore. The electrophotographic photoreceptor has both high sensitivity and high durability, and the sensitivity thereof is barely lowered even after repeated use.

Abstract: There are disclosed a toner for development of an electrostatic image which comprises containing (a) a mixture of a lower molecular weight polymer component and a higher molecular weight polymer component, and said lower molecular polymer component is a resin obtained by reacting a polymer containing a carboxylic acid component with a polyvalent metal compound to form cross-linking through a metal atom and (b) offset preventive agent; and also an electrostatic latent image developer which comprises (A) toner particles mainly comprising a resin obtained by reacting a carboxy group existing in a polymer component with a polyvalent metal compound and (B) resin coated-carrier particles coated with a fluorine-containing resin on a surface of a magnetic particle or inorganic fine particles.