Abstract: An endoscope insertion portion of the invention comprises: a distal end portion; first image pickup means for obtaining a first observation image, the first image pickup means being disposed to the distal end portion; second image pickup means for obtaining a second observation image, the second image pickup means being disposed to the distal end portion; a first object optical system for condensing photographing light incident on the first image pickup means, the first object optical system being located in the distal end portion; a second object optical system for condensing photographing light incident on the second image pickup means, the second object optical system being located in the distal end portion; and a plurality of illumination optical systems for irradiating light to a subject, the plurality of illumination optical systems being located in the distal end portion in a manner sandwiching each of the first object optical system and the second object optical system.

Abstract: A rectoscope has a tube and a handle protruding therefrom. A number of light-emitting elements are arranged circumferentially distributed at the distal end of the tube. The tube includes an inner pipe, an outer pipe and an annular body at the distal ends of the inner and outer pipe. The annular body includes an end ring provided with bores for receiving the light-emitting elements. The annular body also includes an annular flange extending away proximally and having an outside diameter corresponding to a clear inside diameter of the outer pipe. The end ring has an outside diameter corresponding approximately to an outside diameter of the outer pipe.

Abstract: The present invention provides, according to some embodiments, an in vivo imaging device, comprising a mount having at least one illumination source. The mount may be in electrical communication with the illumination source. The device may further include a circuit board and a contact clip for securing the mount to the circuit board and for providing electrical communication therebetween.

Abstract: An endoscope apparatus of the invention includes an endoscope, camera control unit (CCU), and a trocar. The endoscope includes a heater and a temperature sensor. The CCU is configured to include a resistance value-voltage value conversion section, an analog-digital conversion section, voltage value-temperature table conversion section, a control voltage calculation section, an digital-analog conversion section, a voltage amplification section, a switch control section, and a switch. The trocar 5 includes an insertion detection sensor.

Abstract: An endoscope attachment enables an endoscope to capture images of areas in front and at the sides of the endoscope. The endoscope attachment has a transparent attaching part which is used to attach the endoscope attachment to a probe of the endoscope and has two through-holes. A cylindrical transparent image capturing part is used to enable a camera of the probe to capture images and has a trumpet-shaped second mirror on the outer wall of the image capturing part and a wide angle lens with a hyperboloid in the image capturing part. A first mirror is formed at a part of the hyperboloid of the wide angle lens.

Abstract: A scope navigation apparatus, method and a program embodied computer readable medium for navigating a scope end that is to be inserted into an object. The scope end includes at least one sensor that senses a spatial location of the scope end. An image pickup device records one or more images of a calibration device, which includes a sensor that senses a location of the calibration device. A processor calibrates the images recorded by the image pickup device and corrects for intrinsic and extrinsic parameters using a calibration matrix.

Abstract: There is provided a confocal endoscope system which is provided with an electronic endoscope having a confocal optical unit configured to emit illumination light toward an object and to obtain only light from a certain point of the object, and a processor to which the light obtained by the confocal optical unit is inputted. The processor is provided with an image processing unit that generates image data representing an image of the object based on the light transmitted from the confocal optical unit, and a measuring information superimposing unit that generates composite image data representing a composite image generated by superimposing measuring information for measuring the object on the image generated by the image processing unit. The measuring information superimposing unit determines a display condition of the measuring information on the composite image in accordance with an imaging area of the confocal optical unit.

Abstract: An endoscope shape monitoring system that is used to grasp a shape of a flexible insertion portion is provided that includes a position detector and a determining processor. The position detector detects a plurality of positions of the insertion portion along the central axis of the insertion portion at predetermined intervals. The determining processor determines the position of at least one of the central axis or an outline of the insertion portion.

Abstract: A support member and an optical fiber are disposed side by side inside a tubular outer envelope of an optical probe to extend in the longitudinal direction of the outer envelope. A light deflectors which deflects light emitted from the front end of the optical fiber in the circumferential direction of the outer envelope is provided and the light deflector is rotated in response rotation of the support member by a drive means such as a motor, whereby an optical probe which can deflect light emitted from the circumferential surface of the outer envelope in the circumferential direction of the outer envelope and is easy to make thinner and down its cost can be obtained.

Abstract: An endoscopic surgical navigation system comprises a tracking subsystem to capture data representing positions and orientations of a flexible endoscope during an endoscopic procedure, to allow coregistration of live endoscopic video with intra-operative and/or pre-operative scan images. Positions and orientations of the endoscope are detected using one or more sensors and/or other signal-producing elements disposed on the endoscope. The sensors include optical curvature sensors located along the endoscope, where the length of each optical curvature sensor decreases with increasing proximity to the distal end of the endoscope. Output signals of the sensors can be routed to the tracking subsystem through the light channel in the endoscope. A hybrid approach can be used to separately track the position and orientation of the (rigid) base and the flexible portion of the endoscope.

Abstract: A system and method for automatically reconfiguring the magnification or zoom level of a surgical camera based upon the detection of a surgical instrument or defined anatomical feature. Utilizing image analysis algorithms, the video images generated by the surgical camera are analyzed for the presence of defined patterns, colors, motion and the like, representing a defined surgical instrument or anatomical feature. Upon detection of a surgical instrument or anatomical feature, the system can automatically adjust the actual or effective focal range of the surgical camera, and thus change the magnification or zoom level of the camera, based on the type of surgical instrument or anatomical feature detected.