Abstract: A plant container liner or blank therefore includes a first layer of dry or at least substantially dried plant material and a water resistant layer. The water resistant layer may be disposed between the first layer and a second layer of plant material. An appropriate shape of the blank has a base section and an arcuate section associated with the base section. The arcuate section is adapted to fold about the base section to form a continuous wall in a three-dimensional form of the liner. In one embodiment, the blank may include a base section, one or more wall sections, and connectors in the form of extension tabs, flaps or lips. The connectors facilitate attachment of the base section and the wall section(s) together wherein, in the three-dimensional form of the liner, the extension tabs, flaps or lips overlap with each other or other portions of the blank.

Abstract: Methods of selecting fish for breeding and optimum growth in conditions of various salinity are disclosed. Fish are selected for growth in specific salinity based on their prolactin 1 genotype. A simple sequence repeat polymorphism (microsatellite) in the tilapia prolactin (prl 1) promoter is associated with differences in prl 1 expression and differences in growth in “salt-challenged” or “salt-effected” fishes. This discovery suggests that dinucleotide microsatellites may represent an under-appreciated source of genetic variation for regulatory evolution, and belie the textbook interpretation that non-coding microsatellite length variation lacks functional consequences.

Abstract: A modular green roof system includes modular panels (10) providing a surrounded space suitable for supporting live plant growth and adapted for installing onto a roof deck in side-by-side positioning while allowing water flow on the roof thereunder. The panels are installed with growing medium and greenery, and are releasably connected with an edge finishing/edge termination system (46) and support structure to enable provision of non-panel areas of the green roof, support of the panels, and above-panel structures. The panels are releasably connected in a non-progressive manner that permits removal of a surrounded panel without disturbing the adjacent panels. The panels are further adapted to be pre-seeded prior to delivery to the roof site, and delivered in either a preserved condition or a germinated condition.

Abstract: A plant enclosure for protecting outdoor plants from cool weather conditions generally comprises a sheet of thermally insulating material scored to form a plurality of panels. Each panel is substantially identically shaped such that the sheet may be expanded and formed into an approximately conical shape from a folded shape, the folded shape being substantially identical to the shape of each panel. A plurality of fasteners are attached to the panels and adapted to maintain the sheet in either the approximately conical shape or the folded shape. The plant enclosure is also provided with a hood portion affixed about an orifice through the upper portion of the panel structure for enclosing the upper foliage of a protected plant.

Abstract: A method of setting a pole in the ground. A cavity is prepared in the ground extending down from ground level. The pole has an end placed in the cavity. Organic fiber pellet material, expansible with the addition of water thereto, is introduced to the cavity and the cavity filled. Water is then added to produce a porous organic cake firmly holding the post in place.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of sod utilizing a porous foundation, such as a geotextile. The present invention is also directed to a method for the production of sod using a soil-less sand based root zone medium and a sod mat produced by the method of the present invention.

Abstract: A plant container comprising a lower section, an upper section removably securable to said lower section so as to define a cavity therein, said upper section presenting a top opening communicating with said cavity, fastening means associated with said upper and lower sections for fastening said upper section to said lower section.

Abstract: A double-walled container having a bottom wall, an exterior wall, and an interior wall disposed in concentric relation to the exterior wall. The bottom wall, the exterior wall, and the interior wall define a liquid fluid-holding reservoir. An annular top wall interconnects the exterior wall and the interior wall at their respective uppermost rims. A fill opening formed in the top wall enables introduction of liquid fluid into the liquid fluid-holding reservoir. The interior wall and the bottom wall define a soil or liquid fluid-holding space. A flow control valve extends through a first opening formed in the exterior wall and a second opening formed in the interior wall. Liquid fluid in the liquid fluid-holding reservoir is introduced into fluid communication with soil in the soil-holding space by opening the flow control valve. In another embodiment, a flask is retrofit into a single-walled container.

Abstract: A plant container containing sidewalls extending from a bottom to a top opening so as to define a cavity, said top opening smaller than said bottom, an opening at said bottom and removable plug means for closing said opening.

Abstract: A mulch composition having extended moisture retention time and a method for use thereof are provided. In a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, a hydro mix moisturizing agent is added to a seeded mulch. The preferred embodiment comprises 93.95% of water, 5.85% of mulch, and 0.2% moisturizing agent by weight as a percentage of the weight of the water used, and fertilizer and seed in any selected amounts. In this preferred embodiment, the moisturizing agent comprises a cellulose gum, a cross-linker, and a surfactant. The moisturizing agent retains water in the mulch composition and releases water into the soil surface at a controlled rate while binding together the mulch composition. Moisture is retained for a longer amount of time than the prior art mulch compositions to promote maximum seed germination. The mulch composition according to the present invention additionally provides effective dust and erosion control properties.

Abstract: Robotic apparatus for removing seeds contained in covered or uncovered containers and planting the seeds into selected planting chambers are disclosed. An exemplary apparatus includes a first vacuum-activated probe configured to pick up an entire seed population from a donor container. A seed-alignment trough is provided to receive the seed population from the first probe. The seed-alignment trough is configured such that seeds deposited in the trough become aligned or otherwise arranged. A second vacuum-activated probe is configured to successively remove individual seeds from the seed-alignment trough and to plant each removed seed in a selected planting chamber.

Abstract: A method for controlling the spread of kudzu utilizes vertical, or near vertical, smooth surfaces which do not provide a horizontal step for continued vertical growth of kudzu. Accordingly, a clear zone may be established mechanically or otherwise and guards placed intermediate the kudzu and an area to be protected wherein when the vines contact the guards, they are unable to unsupportedly span the guard to continue upward growth and then into the protected area.

Abstract: This invention provides a seed germination medium comprising an upper layer formed from a tissue paper having a weight of approximately 10-30 g/m2, the tissue paper being coated or impregnated with a waterproofing agent such that the tissue paper is permeable to gases but substantially impermeable to water in liquid form; a lower layer formed from a water-absorbent biodegradable material; seeds being disposed beneath the upper layer; and the upper layer optionally having a plurality of perforations therein to assist disruption of the upper layer to enable seedlings germinating from the seeds to grow therethrough.

Abstract: A plant cover, comprising a base formed from a sheet of material, the base having an upper end, a lower end, and an outer peripheral surface, an opening intersecting the upper end forming an inner peripheral surface and a retaining space, a skirt formed from a sheet of material, the skirt connected to the upper end of the base, and expansion element formed integrally with the base, the expansion element comprising an excess of material, the expansion element permitting the base to expand and contract to both closely encompass and follow the contours of a pot. Methods of using a plant cover are also disclosed.

Abstract: In a method of large scale afforestation two types of firebreak (5, 7) are employed. Firebreaks (5) of a first type are placed in a regular grid pattern and with a ground configuration which in terms of color is adapted to the surroundings, whereas firebreaks (7) of a second type are laid out with an irregular development, which furthermore contrast in color and are provided with a different width. Further, fencing in in parcels is expedient.

Abstract: A method is provided for mulching an agricultural soil bed using a biodegradable protein mulch material. The method includes the preparation of a film forming solution of a film forming protein material. The film forming protein solution is then sprayed directly onto a surface of an agricultural soil bed. The solution dries to form a thin film of protein material on the surface of the agricultural soil bed. The protein material may comprise a plant protein, a milk protein, an animal protein, a whey protein, casein, an egg protein or gelatin. Following a harvest, the mulch material, which is biodegradable, may simply be plowed under.

Abstract: A process for planting aquatic plants underwater on the bottom and edges of estuary's where an aquatic plant which is ready for transplanting is positioned in a holder having a means for retaining the transplantable plant. The holder may be weighted with a bottom gripping section to secure the holder including the plant to the estuary bottom. The preformed holders may be positioned on the bottom of the estuary or broadcast on the surface. The preferred gripping sections are rocks, stones and mollusk shells. The holder also incorporates an organic button which retains the aquatic plant during the planting process.

Abstract: A garden memorial arch floral material holder is installed in a cemetary with two ground penetrating stake assemblies and a flora holding assembly. The flora holding assembly comprises a plurality of rods connected in tandem and the rods have sufficient flexibility to elastically deform from an unstressed straight linear aspect to an arcuate aspect encompassing a semi-circular arch configuration, without permanent deformation. Rods of different length may be connected in different combinations to provide different arch assembly lengths. The rod connections have abutments limiting telescopic overlapping and friction detents to resist disconnection. Each of the two stake assemblies has a horizontal brace portion to be engaged by foot to force a stake portion into a cemetery ground, to engage the ground to limit the penetration, and to provide vertical alignment. The stake assemblies are in spaced apart parallel planes that are perpendicular to the arch assembly to stabilize the holder.

Abstract: A decorative cover for use with a plant having substantial horizontal growth is provided, as well as methods of making and using same. The decorative cover includes a base in which the plant can be disposed and a decorative border connected to and extending from the base. The decorative border has a curvilinear, undulating configuration which permits the decorative border to hold, support and cushion individual leaves and petioles of the plant to prevent damage thereto and to accommodate horizontal growth of the leaves and petioles of the plant.

Abstract: An improvement in a method of propagating, and an article useful in association with, or produced by, the method of propagating. Plants are produced in mats by steps including: providing a bottom net made of a material that is pervious to moisture, positioning a sheet of a fabric, depositing a layer of planting medium on said fabric, spreading viable wildflower seed over said medium, moistening said medium and said seeds, germinating seeds in the medium, such that roots of seedlings from said seeds intermesh with the fabric forming a sod mat; wherein the bottom net is sufficiently pervious to permit essentially unimpeded root contact with earth below the bottom net.