Abstract: A two temperature test apparatus for a mass air flow sensor having a cold test station disposed in a cold test chamber and a hot test station disposed in a hot test chamber. A first air manifold connects the cold test chamber with a vacuum chamber. The first air manifold includes a sonic nozzle controlling the air flow through the first air manifold. A second air manifold connects the cold test station to the hot test station. A third air manifold connects the hot test station to an air filter within the hot test chamber. The mass air flow sensor is mounted on a production carrier having a transverse air passage receiving the sensing head of the mass air flow sensor. The transverse air flow passage of the carrier in the cold test station connects the first air manifold to the second air manifold and the transverse air flow passage of the carrier in the hot test station connects the second air manifold to the third air manifold.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for measuring operating parameters of a rotating shaft, which apparatus includes an encoder module attached to a first end of the shaft, an elongate member having a first end attached to a second end of the shaft and extending along the shaft, and an encoder disk attached to a second end of the elongate member and operatively disposed in proximity to the encoder module, such that twisting of the shaft caused by torque applied thereto will cause relative angular displacement between the encoder module and the encoder disk.

Abstract: The invention is a failure detecting system including fiber optic cables of different lengths disposed in the vicinity of a secured region between two or more adherends, and an electro-optical analysis circuit for analyzing signals detected by the fiber optic cables. The fiber optic cables extend transversely across the connected adherends, with each cable extending a different length so that the width of the structure is divided into discrete regions. In this way, the measurable strain can be integrated over the entire length of the fiber where the fiber remains bonded to the material. The cables are coupled to laser circuitry, detector circuitry and network analyzer circuitry, and signals from the cables are processed in the network analyzer circuitry using a Fast Fourier Transform to reduce complex frequency information to time domain representation of reflection pulses. Thereafter, they are compared with reference signals to indicate the presence and degree of disbond.

Abstract: An error detection and display system for an apparatus having first and second operating states comprises a testing device, a display unit (e.g., a warning light), and a switch-on control unit. The testing device runs primary error test cycles for detecting errors of a first kind which occur during the first operating state of the apparatus (e.g., a vehicle at standstill), and secondary error test cycles which occur and can be detected only in the second state of the apparatus (e.g., the vehicle moving above a predetermined minimum speed). The system also includes a non-volatile memory wherein all occurrences of errors of the second kind are stored. The switch-on control unit switches on the testing device and the warning light when the vehicle is first started. If no error of the first kind is detected by the testing device and no error of the second kind is stored in the error memory, the switch-on control unit switches off the warning light while the vehicle is still at a standstill.

Abstract: A testing device for testing lifting equipment and accessories such as slings, shackles and the like has a longitudinally extending frame with left and right sides, each parallel to the other and to rails positioned between the frame sides. Moving carriages travel the rails to a desired position apart, such as for testing a sling of a certain length. The carriages have retractable bearing members that can engage the frame, enabling each carriage to anchor its position for testing. Sets of powered rams move the carriages apart when an accessory to be tested is attached at its ends to the two carriages. The rams are sized so that the first set has greater travel for initial stretching while the second set has higher loading capability for high end loading after stretching.

Abstract: A speed sensing hub unit comprising an axial shaft extending from a constant velocity joint having a male spline, a cylindrical hub having a first flange on an outer peripheral face thereof for supporting a wheel and a female spline on an inner peripheral face thereof which engages with the male spline, an inner ring fitted onto the axial shaft and having a second inner ring raceway, a first nut which threads onto the axial shaft to clampingly hold the inner ring between itself and the constant velocity joint, which has at least an inner end face formed with a plurality of axial holes or slots-and-ridges, a sensor rotor surrounding the first nut, an outer ring formed with a pair of outer ring raceways corresponding to the first and second inner ring raceways, and a second flange for attachment to a suspension unit, a speed sensor facing to the the sensor rotor; and a plurality of rolling bodies between the first and second inner ring raceways and the pair of outer ring raceways.

Abstract: A material testing machine devised so as to be capable of complying with a long test piece without employing a long-sized screw columns. The machine consists essentially of a pair of intermediate rods rotatably installed on a table for being driven by a motor, a pair of screw columns screw-cut in the region corresponding to a possible elongation of a test piece and devised so as to be expandable with respect to and rotatable integrally with the pair of intermediate rods, holder means for rotatably holding the screw columns at any desired position of expansion, and a crosshead having both its ends screw-engaged with the pair of screw columns for being driven through the rotation of the screw columns to exert force on a test piece between the same and the table.

Abstract: Oxygen sensor temperature and switching frequency compensation is provided to engine air-fuel ratio control, wherein the drift in the sensor voltage corresponding to stoichiometry is modeled and accounted for in the control, providing improved accuracy in conventional closed-loop engine air-fuel ratio control.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting occurrence of misfire in a multicylinder internal combustion engine detects a rotational speed of the engine in each expansion stroke of each cylinder, calculates a change of the engine rotational speed fluctuation quantity in accordance with a value of the detected rotational speed, and sets a misfire determination value for each cylinder based upon a determination result of the engine operating condition. Misfire determination is made for each cylinder based upon the misfire determination value for each cylinder and the change of the rotational speed fluctuation quantity, thereby elevating the accuracy of detecting occurrence of misfire in each cylinder.

Abstract: An exhaust backpressure tester is provided for determining exhaust backpressure in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle. The tester includes a pressure sensor associated with the exhaust system for sensing pressure therein and generating a first signal representative thereof. A comparator is also provided and is connected to the pressure sensor for receiving the first signal, generating a second signal having a value which is representative of substantially zero backpressure in the exhaust system, processing the first signal to compensate it relative to the second signal, and comparing the processed first signal to the second signal to generate a pressure signal which is indicative of the exhaust backpressure in the exhaust system.

Abstract: A femoral component of a hip endoprosthesis includes a lateral supporting wedge designed to be supported by the proximal lateral femur when in use. The wedge can be an integral part of the material of the femoral component or it can be placed on a standard component by cementing or preferably by a male/female socket fit. The lateral surface of the wedge forms an angle of about 10.degree.-20.degree. with the midline of the distal portion of the stem and has an anterior-posterior width of about 8.30 mm, preferably about 10-20 mm, and a medial-lateral extension of the lateral surface of the stem of at least 10 mm, preferably 10-30 mm. An apparatus for testing the endurance of femoral components includes a cable corresponding to the ilio-tibial band. Such an apparatus more accurately models hip biomechanics and thus permits a more accurate test of the stresses on femoral component designs.

Abstract: A fault diagnosis device and process for an exhaust gas recycle control unit of an engine, comprising a return pipe for returning the exhaust gas to an intake pipe, apparatus for opening and closing the return pipe and apparatus for detecting and storing engine operating conditions when the return pipe is opened and closed. The opening and closing apparatus is controlled so that the flow rate of the returned gas is gradually changed when the return pipe is closed from the open state or vice versa.

Abstract: A misfire detection device for an internal combustion engine determines the pulse width T.sub.1 and the low level interval T.sub.2 of a rotation signal Sc generated by a rotation signal sensor. The rising and falling edges of the pulses of the rotation signal Sc corresponds to predetermined reference angular positions of respective cylinders. The ratio T.sub.2 /T.sub.1 or T.sub.2 /(T.sub.1 +T.sub.2) is calculated and an occurrence of misfire is detected when the ratio exceeds a predetermined reference level.

Abstract: To measure the irregular running of an internal combustion engine, the following equation, for the running irregularity value (LUW) is applied:LUW=f(T)x.vertline.(T.sub.-- V2-T.sub.-- V1)-(T.sub.-- V3-T.sub.-- V2).vertline.,The values T.sub.-- V1, T.sub.-- V2 and T.sub.-- V3 are combustion time periods, as they are measured at any one time between two fixed segment marks. Different groups of runningirregularity values are formulated, which differ in that combustion time periods are applied in the mentioned equation for different combinations of cylinders. In each group, the running-irregularity values are averaged; and the difference between the minimum and the maximum value of the averaged values is formulated. The difference is evaluated as a variable for the extent of running irregularity.

Abstract: Apparatus for exposing a rinsing agent to a surface (29) and then collecting the rinsing agent wherein a body (10) defines an internal cavity (12) and wherein a conduit (20) is secured to body (10). Body (10) includes an opening (18) and conduit (20) includes an inlet end (24) that is located in cavity (12) and adjacent to opening (18). A flange (26) is connected to inlet end (24) and cooperates with body (10) and surface (29) to define a chamber (31). The apparatus further includes a gasket (40) that forms a seal between body (10) and surface (29). Rinsing agent that is introduced to cavity (12) passes through chamber (30) and conduit (20) to an outlet end (22).

Abstract: A method of compensating an output of a sensor adapted to determine an air/fuel ratio of an air-fuel mixture, depending upon an oxygen concentration of an exhaust gas produced as a result of combustion of the air-fuel mixture, wherein the sensor includes a sensing element which has at least one electrochemical cell each having an oxygen-conductive solid electrolyte body and at least one pair of electrodes The method includes the steps of detecting at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of a temperature Tc of the sensing element, a pressure Pg of the exhaust gas, and a temperature Tg of the exhaust gas, and adjusting the output y.sub.0 of the sensor, based on the at least one parameter detected, to obtain a compensating output of the sensor.

Abstract: A diagnostic procedure is proposed for the checking of actuators for the control of internal combustion engines, in particular for the diagnosis of the function and effect of variations of the suction pipe or suction tract geometry and/or variations of the inlet/outlet valve control; this procedure serves the purpose of actuating the diagnosis during any operational state and/or during stationary operational states of the internal combustion engine. For diagnosis, those changes taking place during actuator triggering in operational data of the internal combustion engine which are only indirectly due to this actuator triggering are recorded as actual values and these actual values are compared with set values.

Abstract: A tension measuring device for accurately measuring the tension applied to a fine, metallic wire, or the like, being uncoiled from a spool of wire, or the like. The tensioning device includes a pulley around which the wire is looped. The pulley is rotatably mounted at the end of an arm which itself is mounted on an axle for rotation under the influence of a first torsion spring which biases the arm against the tension forces exerted against the uncoiling wire and a second torsion spring which biases the arm against rotation caused by the weight of the arm and pulley. A knob is provided to twist the first torsion spring to increase the biasing force on the arm and pulley which counteracts the uncoiling tension on the wire. A pointer is associated with the knob and it moves across a scale indicating the amount of force applied to the first torsion spring. Another pointer is mounted on the arm and it moves across a second scale indicating movement of the arm above and below a zero point.

Abstract: A device for detecting an occurrence of misfiring comprising a crankshaft sensor, which crankshaft sensor is used to detect the elapsed time required for the crankshaft to turn by a predetermined crankshaft angle during combustion in the cylinders. The difference in the elapsed time between cylinders where every other power stroke is performed is found and a determination is made as to at which cylinder the misfiring occurred when the difference exceeds a set value. The difference in elapsed times between cylinders with power strokes of crank angles 360.degree. apart is found and an estimated value of the difference changing due to acceleration or deceleration is found from that difference. This estimated value is used to correct the set value.

Abstract: A rotor with outer teeth is fixed to a crankshaft, a crank angle sensor is disposed facing the outer teeth of the rotor, and the angular velocity of the crankshaft in the power stroke of the cylinders is found from the output pulses of the crank angle sensor. In this case, if the ignition sequence is 1-3-4-2, the angular velocities of the crankshaft for the no. 1 cylinder #1 and the no. 4 cylinder #4 are calculated from the output pulses generated based on the outer teeth of the same region I, while the angular velocities of the crankshaft for the no. 3 cylinder #3 and the no. 2 cylinder #2 are calculated from the output pulses generated based on the outer teeth of the same region II. Therefore, even if there is a manufacturing error in the outer teeth of the region I, so long as no misfire occurs, the angular velocities of the crankshaft will be the same for the no. 1 cylinder #1 and the no. 4 cylinder #4. As opposed to this, if a misfire occurs at the no.