Abstract: A phasor can be employed within the resonator of an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) to adjust the absolute and relative phase of OPO beams. An embodiment of the invention comprises an OPO having at least one phasor for receiving and adjusting the phase of one or more beams resonating within the optical cavity which forms part of the OPO. Smooth alteration of the phases of the OPO beams using the at least one phasor facilitates continuous tuning of the wavelength of at least one of the beams. In another embodiment, the at least one phasor may be a translatable wedge or have adjustable refractive index to alter the phases of the OPO beams. In an additional embodiment, each at least one phasor may be comprised of more than one material, held fixedly together.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for converting optical wavelength division multiplexed channels to wireless channels, the information carrying optical carriers are first de-multiplexed and each optical carrier is then extracted from the data using an optical channelizing technique. The optical frequency of each of the extracted optical carriers is then shifted by an amount equal to the desired wireless carrier frequencies in the broadband wireless channels. Optical heterodyning of the frequency-shifted extracted lightwave carriers with the original data-containing optical signals, which are mutually in phase coherence, in a photodetector results in a set of wireless carriers each modulated with the data carried by the corresponding optical channel.

Abstract: Extensometer with flexible test specimen and Bragg gratings applied in particular to the monitoring of concrete structures, is configured to measure deformations of a host material and comprises at least one test specimen which undergoes linear bending stresses, and at least one Bragg grating formed in an optic fibre and fixed to the test specimen. The extensometer configured such that any deformation of the host material is transmitted to the grating via the test specimen. The extensometer also comprises mechanical means which transform deformation of the material into bending of the test specimen, which deforms the grating.

Abstract: An optical data receiver for the distribution and demodulation of compressed TDM data packages comprises, optical distributor means to which the data packages are applied for selective distribution to a plurality of AWG optical demultiplexer/detector arrays, so that each demultiplexer/detector array provides in respect of each data package fed thereto from the optical distributor, a data word the bits of which are presented in parallel.

Abstract: A package for holding a temperature sensitive optical device. The package includes a substrate, and a first link connecting to the optical device at a first attachment point, and connecting to the substrate at a location remote from the first attachment point. The package also includes a second link connecting to the optical device at a second attachment point that is remote from the first attachment point, the second link connecting to the substrate at a location remote from the second attachment point. The substrate, the first and the second links imposing a strain variation to the optical device in dependence of temperature.

Abstract: An all-optical one-by-N optical switch is provided that has fewer components, is easier to control and has fewer optical losses that prior art one-by-N optical switches. An optical switch of the present invention includes an active deflection element formed from an electro-optical material to deflect an optical input from a single input to a selected one of N outputs. In one embodiment of the present invention, a single active deflection element at the input deflects an optical signal across a waveguide that commonly connects the N outputs. The N optical outputs include passive optical elements that are aligned with the deflected optical signal to accept a signal and provide it to a selected optical output. The optical switch can either be monolithic, where the optical material are all electro-optical materials, or can be hybrid, having separately formed components, such as the common waveguide, adhered to the substrate on which the optical switch is formed.

Abstract: A method is provided for forming a waveguide region within a periodically domain reversed ferroelectric crystal wherein the waveguide region has a refractive index profile that is vertically and horizontally symmetric. The symmetric profile produces effective overlapping between quasi-phasematched waves, a corresponding high rate of energy transfer between the waves and a symmetric cross-section of the radiated wave. The symmetric refractive index profile is produced by a method that combines the use of a diluted proton exchange medium at a high temperature which produces a region of high index relatively deeply beneath the crystal surface, followed by a reversed proton exchange which restores the original crystal index of refraction immediately beneath the crystal surface.

Abstract: The present invention describes a structure and method for a multi-ports WDM device for compensating the filter distortion while reducing insertion loss. The multi-ports WDM device comprises a 4-fiber collimator having a grin lens and a 2-fiber collimator having a lens where the focal plane of the second lens is shorter than the focal plane of the first grin lens Ands with aspheric surface. When a light signal travels through the first lens in the 4-fiber collimator to a filter, the film on the filter causes distortion to the light signal resulting in a large insertion loss. To compensate for the insertion loss, the lens on the 2-fiber collimator has a aspheric function and a shorter focal plane than the grin lens on the 4-fiber collimator. The type of grin lens used in the 4-fiber collimator is different than the lens used in the 2-fiber collimator. Effectively, the lens in the 2-fiber collimator operates to de-focus a light signal relative to the grin lens in the 4-fiber collimator.

Abstract: A luminaire 1 comprising a light-directing element 3, e.g. a reflector, having a light emission window 5. Said reflector has a shape for directing light originating from an electric light source 7 into an optical fiber system 9 positioned in front of the light emission window. The optical fiber system comprises a bundle of optical fibers 11. Said shape is calculated in accordance with a ray-tracing algorithm which takes into account that said light source is voluminous, e.g. a Light Emitting Diode. The reflector has a shape which is composed of n solids of revolution of parabolic sectors 13, wherein said (adjoining) parabolic sectors form an integral surface 15. The invention further relates to a dynamic road marking unit 19.

Abstract: A substrate having attached filamentary members is disclosed. The substrate includes a plastic layer and the apparatus for attaching the filamentary member includes an anvil, a needle and a swaging tool movable relatively to the anvil. The method of attachment includes the steps of penetrating the substrate with the needle to create an opening, positioning the filamentary member in the opening, and compressing the substrate between the swaging tool and the anvil so as to deform the plastic layer and swage the filamentary member to the substrate. The needle is heated to melt the plastic layer so that it fuses with the filamentary member upon swaging.

Abstract: A cable exit trough is mountable to a lateral trough section either during initial assembly of the cable routing system, or at a later date. The exit trough includes a bracket portion mountable to the top edge of one of the sides of the lateral trough section. Two lead-ins are provided to lead the cable in an upward direction from the lateral trough section to the exit trough. The exit trough includes an exit trough portion extending from the bracket portion upwardly away from the lateral trough section. The exit trough portion includes a convexly curved bottom trough surface, and two convexly curved upstanding sides. The exit trough portion and the lead-ins define a cable pathway from the lateral trough section to an exit point of the exit trough portion which can either lead downwardly relative to the lateral trough section, or horizontally.

Abstract: An optical parametric amplifier (OPA) driven with at least two pump waves. The pump waves may be configured such that the OPA produces uniform exponential gain over a range of wavelengths that extends, for example, at least 30 nm on either side of the average pump-wave wavelength. In addition, since the Brillouin scattering limit applies to each pump wave independently, substantially twice the amount of energy may be pumped into an OPA of the present invention compared to that in the corresponding single pump-wave OPA of the prior art. An OPA of the present invention may be used in a WDM communication system and configured for simultaneous signal amplification and wavelength conversion.

Abstract: Wavelength conversion devices for converting fundamental waves to light of a different wavelength are provided. The devices have a wavelength converting layer comprising a plate-shaped body of a non-linear optical crystal having a first main face and a second main face. A supporting body is joined with the first main face of the wavelength converting layer. An additional supporting body may also be joined with the second main face of the wavelength converting layer.

Abstract: An optical apparatus comprises an optical device fabricated on a substrate, an external-transfer optical waveguide fabricated on the substrate and/or on the optical device, and a transmission optical waveguide. The optical device and/or the external-transfer waveguide are adapted for and positioned for transfer of optical power therebetween (end-transfer or transverse-transfer). The external-transfer waveguide and/or the transmission waveguide are adapted for transverse-transfer of optical power therebetween (mode-interference-coupled or adiabatic). The transmission waveguide is initially provided as a component mechanically separate from the substrate, device, and external-transfer waveguide. Assembly of the transmission waveguide with the substrate, device, and/or external-transfer waveguide results in relative positioning of the external-transfer waveguide and the transmission waveguide for enabling transverse-transfer of optical power therebetween.

Abstract: A grating-based biosensor is disclosed where the biosensor is constructed and arranged such that the grating lines of the sensor align with an optical axis of a birefringent substrate, so as to improve resonance peak uniformity. Methods of manufacturing biosensors to provide alignment of the grating lines with the optical axes of a birefringent substrate are also disclosed. One embodiment uses a grating master wafer to form a grating on a continuous web of substrate material. The grating master wafer is rotated relative to the web until the lines of the grating in the master wafer are in substantial alignment with the optical axis of the web. A UV curable material is applied to the wafer and cured in place to form the grating on the surface of the substrate web. With a web of some preferred materials, such as PET film, one need only determine the optical axis orientation once for a given web since the optical axis orientation is essentially constant along the length of the web.

Abstract: In a front light equipped with a light source and a transparent plate emitting light from a light emitting surface which is situated at the reverse side against an observation side surface by conducting light from the light source, the reflection preventive patterns comprising the minute unevennesses 30 for prevention of reflection are formed on the light emitting surface. When a wavelength of visible light with the shortest wavelength among light which is emitted from the light source 24 is ?min, the refractive index of the transparent plate is n1 and the refractive index of air is n0, the period p of the minute unevennesses 30 satisfies the following equation. p<?min/(n0+n1). Thereby, it can be prevented that the diffracted light is emitted from the reflection preventive patterns (light emitting surface) of the transparent plate.

Abstract: Laser light emitted from a vertically confined surface emitting laser (VCSEL) is incident on a side surface near an end region of an optical waveguide. The end region of the optical waveguide is processed by polishing to taper at an angle of 45 degrees, and an optical modulator is formed on the polished surface. The optical modulator is a Fabry-Perot modulator using a linear electro-optical effect. The modulator has a thick transparent electro-optical layer which is deposited by using an aerosol deposition method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electro-conductive, anti-reflection coating with the conventional half-wave, high-index layer sandwiched between two quarter-wave, low-index layers, in which the high-index, half-wave layer forms an electro-conductive layer, and in which the layer materials are selected such that an index ratio (high index/low index) is between 1.45 to 1.55 providing wide band widths for the anti-reflection coating. Preferably, the half-wave, electro-conductive, high index layer comprises indium titanium oxide providing a sheet resistance of less than 20 ohms/sq.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical sub-assembly package for use in receiver optical sub-assemblies or transmitter optical sub-assemblies in which the electrical connections between the transducer chip, e.g. photo-detector or light source, and the device printed circuit board is made by a single flexible circuit conductor extending through the wall of the package. The package is comprised of a housing and a stiffening plate, which encloses and end of the housing and forms a mechanical support for an end of the flexible circuit conductor.

Abstract: A remote sensing apparatus includes an optical system device, a frequency converter, and a frequency analyzer. The device transmits laser light generated from a laser light source toward an optical pattern rotary plate to receive its reflection light by an optical receiver. The plate is a measurement object. The converter converts a reception signal obtained by the receiver into a signal in a frequency domain. The analyzer analyzes a frequency component of the signal obtained by the converter, selects candidate values of sideband wave frequencies from the signal in the frequency region, obtains an approximate value of a rotational frequency by decision of a majority of intervals of the sideband wave frequencies, obtains candidate values of the carrier frequency from the approximate value, and selects the rotational frequency on the basis of the candidate values of the rotational frequency from among the candidate values of the carrier frequency.