Abstract: A variable magnification optical apparatus in which an image of an original can be formed on a photosensitive surface at selectively different magnifications. The amount of movement of a lens for changing the imaging magnification is corrected in accordance with the difference between the actual value and the nominal value of the focal length of the lens, namely, the error of the focal length of the lens.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for placing information on film takes advantage of the chemical memory of the film to use low cost displays and interface circuitry capable of displaying only a limited number of informational characters to place more than those limited number of characters on the film. This is achieved by sequentially exposing at least two separate sets of a limited number of characters on different portions of the film.

Abstract: A motor-driven film winding mechanism for cameras has a driving force transmission including a clutch releasably connecting a sprocket drum to the driving force transmission. The clutch can operate to release the sprocket drum from the system in dependence on the speed of movement of the sprocket drum relative to that of the transmission so as to cause the sprocket drum to be driven by the film either when wound up or rewound. The transmission is a gear train one of whose gears drives ratchets that engage with a ratchet wheel on the sprocket drum to constitute the one-way clutch.

Abstract: A compact shutter mechanism is disclosed for controlling the unblocking and blocking of a light admitting opening through which light passes along a given path. Included in the mechanism is a plurality of a first group of shutter blade assemblies, as well as means for mounting the assemblies so that each is movable between unblocking and blocking conditions and each is generally parallel to a given plane. Each of the blade assemblies includes at least a permanent magnet having its magnetic field extending generally transversely to the given plane. Means for driving the assemblies between their blocking and unblocking condition include at least a first coil arrangement having active conductor portions generally parallel to the given plane. Each of the active portions is juxtaposed to respective ones of the magnetic fields so that when energized with reverse polarity each of the blade assemblies is driven between the unblocking and blocking conditions.

Abstract: Image defects in liquid-developed photoconductive film, which before use has been stored in roll form at elevated temperature, are corrected by an on-line treatment of the film prior to development. The method comprises heating the photoconductive film prior to charging while under stress-relieving tension and then cooling it.

Abstract: A radial high-frequency, high-efficiency orthospectral loudspeaker is disclosed in which a horn-loaded, electro-acoustic driver is used and the horn configuration is radial and annular to give a 360.degree. lateral dispersion of the sound generated by the loudspeaker, the output being frequency and amplitude equalized over the desired high frequency band.

Abstract: A system for determining optimal selection and positioning of transducers (e.g., loudspeakers or microphones) in an acoustical environment, and relating an acoustic environment to any sound source. The system determines the acoustical dispersion pattern, and the sensitivity or power requirements for transducers or sound sources.The system involves mapping acoustical environment, as viewed from a specific location, in true angles and with attenuation information, onto the surface of a sphere. The transducer or sound source is related to this mapped environment by mapping its angular sensitivity or radiating pattern onto an overlay which is manipulated over the surface of the sphere.A system light source permits the information depicted on the sphere to be projected onto a scale model. Final documentation of all interrelationships may be viewed on the system sphere, or photographed from a system screen.

Abstract: A light shading device for a camera in which a soft and elastic light shading curtain has a base part which is fixed on a flat support surface, in the region of the shutter running path. The free end of the shading curtain is brought into elastic contact with the shutter curtain by way of a step provided on the support, the step serving to incline the free end of the light shading curtain with respect to the support surface.

Abstract: A printed-circuit-mountable wet-electrolyte capacitor is housed in a cylindrical can. A disc-shaped plastic cover is fitted in the open end of the can and has a through-terminal sealed therein to which the capacitor anode is electrically connected. Another such terminal, or the can, may serve as the cathode terminal. A groove in the periphery of the cover has a rubber o-ring. The o-ring is compressed by rolling and beading the can inwardly to effect a can/cover seal. Elongate metal pieces are held positioned by cavities provided near the periphery of the cover. The cover is fitted into the can and the elongate pieces are welded to the inner lip of the can to stop outward movement of the cover and to serve as mounting means to a printed circuit board.

Abstract: A cassette for sheet film has a cover and a bottom which are hinged to one another along a longitudinal edge of the cassette. Locking elements for locking the cover and bottom when the cassette is closed are arranged at the opposite longitudinal edge of the cassette. The cover and bottom cooperate to define a film compartment and the bottom has a rigid, flat wall for supporting a sheet of film. The cover has a window for exposing the film in the compartment and is further provided with a slot which slidably receives a shield for protecting the film against light until such time as the film is to be exposed. A resilient rim is mounted on the cover and extends around the window. The rim is arranged to press the margins of the film against the rigid wall of the bottom when the cassette is closed. The hinged connection of the cover and the bottom causes the rim to contact the film progressively as the cassette is closed so that the rim stretches the film flat over the rigid wall of the bottom.

Abstract: A counter including a housing which is made from a continuous plastic extrusion. End caps which rotatably support the counter barrel shaft fit telescopically within the housing extremities. The extrusion includes detail for mounting a pane in the viewing window.

Abstract: A film assemblage for use with a camera of the self-developing type having a pair of pressure-applying assemblies, e.g., a pair of juxtaposed roller assemblies, for rupturing a container of processing liquid attached to a leading end of an exposed film unit and spreading its contents in a layer between elements of the film unit as it is being advanced between and in engagement with adjacent liquid spreading surfaces of the assemblies so as to initiate the formation of a visible image in the film unit. The film assemblage includes means for pregapping the adjacent liquid spreading surfaces to a degree which will in turn provide a processing liquid layer of an optimum thickness for the film units in that particular film assemblage.

Abstract: A generator for providing electric energy in a borehole during drilling thereof, the generator comprising an anchor which is movable in a reciprocating mode in response to pressure pulses in the drilling fluid caused by rapidly opening or closing a valve.

Abstract: A dual-color photographic sensitometer for exposing a piece of test film to a known amount of light of a selectable one of two different colors. The multiple-step density gradient of the sensitometer is uniformly illuminated along its entire length by an electroluminescent lamp comprising a plurality of phosphor segments of varying widths which are electrically connected to form two sets, with each of the segments in each set adapted upon excitation to emit a single color light. The width of each segment of a set is determined in accordance with its distance from the multiple-step density gradient so that the multiple-step density gradient is illuminated substantially uniformly by each segment set.

Abstract: Film related information is applied to a film container in the form of oriented macroscopic magnetic fields having strength sufficient to deflect a mechanical magnetic sensor. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the metal end cap of a standard 35 mm film can is magnetized to encode film related information. The information is sensed in a simple mechanical camera by a sensing magnet mounted for movement in response to the orientation of the magnetic field directly above the end cap, and a trapping mechanism for trapping the sensing magnet and mechanically amplifying the information contained in the orientation of the sensing magnet. In an electronic camera, the orientation of the magnetic field is sensed by a pair of magneto-electric sensors oriented to sense orthogonal components of the magnetic field.

Abstract: An armored electrical cable structure for resisting destruction and degradation of the conductor insulation, particularly on the outer conductors. The structure also provides the additional benefits of resisting decompression expansion of the conductor insulation, attack by corrosive agents as well as the conduction of heat from the interior parts of the cable structure to the cable exterior for dissipation.

Abstract: Method for photodepositing a CRT screen structure including projecting a light field through an IC filter having tailored light transmission, through a photographic master and incident upon a photosensitive layer. The IC filter is a half-tone comprising an array of discrete spaced-apart opaque elements of predetermined sizes arranged along parallel spaced-apart lines.

Abstract: An optical device in a variable magnification electrostatic copying apparatus includes a first reflecting mirror assembly mounted for reciprocal movement, a second reflecting mirror assembly mounted for reciprocal movement substantially parallel to the reciprocating direction of the first reflecting mirror assembly, and a speed-reduction interlocking mechanism for moving the second reflecting mirror assembly at a speed equal to one-half of the moving speed of the first reflecting mirror assembly, upon movement of the first reflecting mirror assembly. The optical device further includes a magnification setting mechanism for changing the relative position of the second reflecting mirror assembly with respect to the first reflecting mirror assembly according to a desired copying magnification.

Abstract: A high voltage oil-impregnated electrical cable with fully polymer taped insulation operable to 765 kV. Biaxially oriented, specially processed, polyethylene, polybutene or polypropylene tape with an embossed pattern is wound in multiple layers over a conductive core with a permeable screen around the insulation. Conventional oil which closely matches the dielectric constant of the tape is used, and the cable can be impregnated after field installation because of its excellent impregnation characteristics.

Abstract: An electrical coaxial cable is disclosed herein including an inner conductor and a concentric outer conductor electrically insulated from one another by means of a layer of dielectric material disposed therebetween. A series of concentric layers of electrically conductive polymer material serve to shield the insulation layer from the inner and outer conductors and also divide the insulation layer into individual concentric segments.