Abstract: Electrophoresis apparatus with a gel support configured and arranged to hold a gel, a buffer chamber configured and arranged to hold a buffer, with the buffer contacting each end of the gel, and a buffer shaper configured to be positioned near the gel support and in contact with the buffer. The buffer shaper is positioned nearer to one portion of the gel support than to another portion of the gel support to cause the depth of buffer between the gel support and the buffer shaper to vary along the length or width of the gel support and buffer shaper.

Abstract: The electrochemical decontamination of soil or slurries through the use of an inert anode, a nonreactive cathode, and supplying water to the soil near the anode.