Abstract: An imaging method is disclosed comprising providing an imaging member comprising a first layer of softenable material containing migration material overlying a second layer of softenable material which is substantially free of migration material wherein at least one of the layers of softenable material contains a surface skin located at the interface between the layer of softenable material. This member is latently imaged and developed by softening whereby the migration material migrates through the first layer of softenable material and the interface, where the surface skin is located, and in depth in the second layer of softenable material thereby forming an imaged member. Background of the migration material is then removed from the imaged member by splitting the member at the interface thereby obtaining an image with excellent imaging properties.

Abstract: An electrophoretic migration imaging process, apparatus, and materials useful therein are disclosed. Electrically photosensitive particles, at least some of which bear a positive polarity electrostatic charge, are disposed between two spaced electrodes. One of the electrodes has the surface thereof adjacent to the electrically photosensitive particles bearing a uniform layer containing an amount of a dark charge exchange material sufficient to provide a net change in charge polarity with at least a portion of said positive polarity particles upon electrical contact therewith in the presence of an electric field and in the absence of activating radiation. Imaging is accomplished byA. disposing the electrically photosensitive particles between the spaced electrodes, andB. substantially simultaneously1.

Abstract: Photoconductive materials are prepared from a dicarbazolyl compound and a Lewis acid. The materials are charge transfer complexes, with the dicarbazolyl compound, such as 1, 2-dicarbazolyl cyclobutane acting as an electron donor and the Lewis acid, such as 2, 4, 7-trinitro-9-fluorenone acting as an electron acceptor. The molar ratio of the donor to the acceptor can be in the range from 1:0.5 to 1:5.

Abstract: An aggregate or heterogeneous multiphase photoconductive composition containing a continuous polymer phase and at least one discontinuous phase dispersed in said continuous phase, said discontinuous phase comprising a co-crystalline complex of (i) at least one polymer having an alkylidene diarylene group in a recurring unit (ii) at least one pyrylium type dye salt having a non-light absorbing anion, and (iii) at least one pyrylium type dye salt having a colored organic or organo-metallic anion of a strong acid.

Abstract: An electrostatic imaging method wherein the photoconductive coating of an electrophotograhic film is charged simultaneously with its exposure to a scene to be recorded, the charging step ceasing when a level of charge has been reached which is optimum for the light condition of the scene and with toning being commenced immediately subsequent to the cessation of the charging. Light from the scene is cut off immediately prior to commencement of toning. The film utilized is capable of accepting a charge at a rate faster than the light of a scene to be recorded discharges the film.The method is preferably practiced utilizing a camera which includes projecting means for prjecting a scene onto the film, a corona generating system, a toning system, means for measuring the light coming through the projector, means for measuring the surface potential of a dark area of the flm while it is being charged and an electronic control circuit which operates the charging system in response to the measured light.

Abstract: Friction charging of insulating and photoconductive insulating members is accomplished in the presence of an insulating liquid. In a preferred embodiment, the insulating liquid is a developer liquid and the friction charging step may simultaneously erase a previously developed image.

Abstract: An improved photoelectrophoretic imaging method is disclosed wherein the imaging suspension is brought into contact under a first electrical field with a blocking layer having a coating which interacts, in the dark, with the pigment particles of the imaging suspension so as to provide a uniformly charged imaging suspension. The imaging suspension is then exposed to appropriate electromagnetic radiation while under a second electrical field. A second blocking layer, free of said coating is employed to produce positive and negative images.

Abstract: An improved photoelectrophoretic imaging method is disclosed wherein a blocking layer is provided with a coating which interacts, in the dark, with the pigment particles of the imaging suspension so as to provide a uniformly charged imaging suspension upon exposure of the suspension to an electric field. The coating comprises a dark charge injecting agent dispersed in an electrically insulating, alkyd resins derived from dibasic acids and polyhydric alcohols. Subsequent exposure to electromagnetic radiation to which at least some of the particles are sensitive then results in the formation of optically positive and negative images.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition for electrophotography comprising a combination of poly-N-vinylcarbazole or halogenated poly-N-vinylcarbazole and prepolymer of diallylphthalate.This composition has an improved photodecay characteristics due to the use of the prepolymer of diallylphthalate, gives a high electrostatic contrast of a latent image and is useful for a contact exposure reproduction process.

Abstract: A manifold member and method is disclosed wherein the imaging layer is activated by a thermo-activator which is incorporated integrally into the manifold imaging layer. The member also contains a dark charge injecting material. Upon heating, the thermo-activator activates the imaging layer for use in the manifold imaging process.

Abstract: A liquid electrophotographic developer and processes for employing same are disclosed. The developer is composed of a liquid carrier, pigment, and a resin which results in a developed image that is abrasion resistant. The developer contains from 5 to 70% of the resin component which comprises an epoxy-ester.

Abstract: In a photoelectrophoretic imaging system, a field established between first and second electrodes is modified in a manner for substantially reducing the field between these electrodes in an area in conformity with a desired border for an image being reproduced. In a particular arrangement, electrodes are arranged and positioned adjacent an insulating surface of the first electrode for discharging the charge accumulated at the surface and establishing the surface at a potential equal to the potential of the second electrode.

Abstract: A photoconductive layer having superior characteristics is made by steps of suspending uniformly photoconductive particles in a viscous solution by stirring, pouring the stirred mixture of the photoconductive particles, binder and solvent on a substrate which is put horizontally at a bottom of a container, precipitating the photoconductive particles on the surface of the substrate so as to form a wet photoconductive layer, removing the clear solution on the wet photoconductive layer, drying the wet photoconductive layer and baking the dried photoconductive layer.

Abstract: A method is given for fixing powder images to substrates whereby the powder image is subjected to internal stress and, thereafter, exposed to vapors containing a solvent for the powder image.

Abstract: The method of developing an electrostatic latent image contained on a surface comprising the steps of applying to a surface a dispersion in a first state wherein the flow properties of the dispersion are non-Newtonian and wherein the dispersion consists of a liquid phase and of a solid phase comprising flocculated electroscopic marking particles forming a matrix sufficiently strong to prevent extraction of individual electroscopic marking particles from the matrix and applying to the dispersion a shear stress of sufficient magnitude to convert the dispersion from the first state to a second state wherein the flow properties of said dispersion become Newtonian and wherein said solid phase is deflocculated.

Abstract: A transparency is disclosed, which is suitable for use in a multi-colored xerographic reproduction process comprising a transparent, thermoplastic film sheet having at least one surface coated with a mixture consisting of a vinyl chloride-acetate copolymer resin and an acrylic resin in a weight ratio of between about 6:4 and 7:3. In a preferred embodiment, a percentage of a particulate material is also incorporated in the coating to reduce static charge on the transparency and permit easier handling thereof. The coated transparency, when used in a multi-colored electrostatic copying process improves adhesion of the multi-colored image thereon and permits reproduction of colors and colors densities in said image which correspond well to the multi-colored original copied.

Abstract: A process for preparing a gravure printing member is provided in which a multi-celled member, such as a gravure ink roller, containing a liquid but hardenable material below the contact plane of the cells is contacted with an electrostatographic latent image member, the members separated whereby the liquid is removed from the image areas of the celled member by electrostatic attraction and the liquid hardened in the non-image areas of said celled member to provide the printing member.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer containing an amorphous alloy comprising at least one of the chalcogen elements and at least one element from group IVa of the Periodic Table. This photosensitive layer can be sensitized by adding an element from group Va of the Periodic Table or a halogen thereto.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing an electrostatic latent image. The apparatus is moved from an inoperative position spaced from the latent image to a position in operative communication therewith. After the latent image is developed, the apparatus is moved to the inoperative position thereof.

Abstract: Permanent, meaningful information is so associated with removable, confusing information, at least some of which is usually similar in character to said permanent, meaningful information, as to make it effectively impossible for an observer to discriminate between the two types of information even though both types of information in the association may be legible. Such a system is advantageously used in instructional systems and particularly in responsive answer formats.