Abstract: Substituted hydroxylamines useful in photographic processing solution can be prepared by reacting a hydroxylamine with a vinylic compound having an electron withdrawing substituent in a suitable solvent, in the absence of a neutralizing base. The resulting products can be used without isolation from the reaction solution.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions and methods useful for measuring pH generally, and intracellular pH specifically, and, more particularly, to a new class of fluorescent and fluorinated (NMR sensitive) aromatic compounds having excitation emission wavelengths in the ultraviolet or or visible portions of the electromagnetic spectrum, useful as pH indicators, as well as fluorine containing analogs useful in NMR spectroscopic determinations.

Abstract: The invention provides hydroxamic acid-containing compounds which are useful as inhibitors of matrix metalloproteases and which are effective in treating conditions associated with excess activity of these enzymes. In particular, the present invention relates to a compound having a structure according to Formula I ##STR1## wherein (A)R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently selected from various substituents; and(B) where R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 may together comprise a cyclic moiety; or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt, biohydrolyzable amide or biohydrolyzable ester thereof.In other aspects, the invention is directed to pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds of Formula (I), and to methods of treating diseases characterized by matrix metalloprotease activity using these compounds or the pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of N-phenyl-N-methoxyacetyl-DL-alanine methyl ester derivatives of the formula (I). ##STR1## wherein R is a C.sub.1-4 alkyl residue; and n is a cardinal number between from 1 to 3,which comprises reacting an N-methoxyacetyl derivative of the formula (II). ##STR2## wherein R and n are as defined above, with a stoichiometric amount of an alkaline metal alkoxide, at a temperature between 80.degree. C. and 150.degree. C., until completion of the removal of the alkanol present in the system, then reacting the thus obtained alkaline metal salt of the compound of formula (II) directly or after isolation with a methyl DL-x-halopropionate.

Abstract: The present invention relates, by way of novel industrial products, to compounds which are structurally related to 15-deoxyspergualin and which have the formula ##STR1## in which: A is a single bond, a group --CH.sub.2 --, a group --CH.sub.2 O--, a group --CH.sub.2 NH--, a group --CH(OH)--, a group --CHF-- or a group --CH(OCH.sub.3)--, andn is equal to 6 or 8,and their addition salts.These novel compounds are useful especially as immunosuppressants. The invention further relates to the method of preparing said compounds.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for preventing or reducing ischemia following injury, such as reperfusion injury following ischemia, cellular damage associated with ischemic episodes, such as infarctions or traumatic injuries, and thus to prevent or reduce the consequent progressive necrosis of tissue associated with such ischemia. This effect is achieved by administering DHEA, DHEA derivatives or DHEA congeners to a patient as soon as possible after the injury. The present invention is further directed to methods for preventing or reducing bacterial translocation or adult respiratory distress syndrome in a patient. Similarly, bacterial translocation and adult respiratory distress syndrome are prevented or reduced by administering DHEA, DHEA derivatives or DHEA congeners to a patient.

Abstract: The invention relates to caged compounds for the study of biological processes, where the caged compound has a photoremoveable .alpha.-carboxy-substituted o-nitrobenzyl group. Covalent attachment of the substituted o-nitrobenzyl to a parent compound yields a caged compound with biological and/or physical properties that are significantly altered from the original properties of the parent compound. Illumination of the caged compounds to cleave the photoremoveable group yields the parent compound with its original properties restored.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds useful for the regulation of cholesterol of Formula I, methods for using them and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, ##STR1## wherein X and Y are oxygen, sulfur, or (CR'R").sub.n wherein n is 1 to 4; R is hydrogen, alkyl, or benzyl; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are phenyl, substituted phenyl, naphthyl, substituted naphthyl, an aralkyl group, an alkyl chain, adamantyl, or a cycloalkyl group.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2-chloro-4,5-difluorobenzoic acid and 2,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid as well as synthetic intermediates useful in and prepared according thereto, comprising reacting a nitrobenzene having the formula ##STR1## wherein X is chloro or fluoro, with an appropriate carbanion to form a compound having the formula ##STR2## wherein one of Y and Z is chloro and the other is nitro, and R is a radical selected from the group consisting of --CCl.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 NO.sub.2, --CH(NO.sub.2)R.sup.1, --CH(CO.sub.2 R.sup.1).sub.2, --CH(C(O)R.sup.2).sub.2, --CH(CN)CO.sub.2 R.sup.1, --CH(CO.sub.2 R.sup.1)COR.sup.2 and --COR.sup.2 where R.sup.1 is alkyl or arylalkyl and R.sup.2 is alkyl, aryl or arylalkyl and, where appearing more than once in such a radical, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be the same or different at each occurrence.

Abstract: Formic acid is difficult to separate from acetic acid by conventional distillation or rectification because of the proximity of their boiling points. Formic acid can be readily separated from acetic acid by using azeotropic distillation. Effective agents are acetonitrile and isopropyl acetate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of ethyl 3S-[[4-[[4-(aminoiminomethyl)phenyl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutyl]amino]-4-pentyno ate and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof.

Abstract: N-arylmethylene ethylenediaminetriacetate, N-arylmethylene iminodiacetate or N,N'-diarylmethylene ethylenediaminediacetate type compounds and their use in combatting oxidative stress, and pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions comprising said compounds. The invention also concerns a process for the preparation of said compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which A, Q, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and the corresponding radicals with an * are defined as indicated in the description, a process for the preparation thereof, and the use thereof for inhibiting retroviral proteases.

Abstract: Compounds and methods are disclosed that are useful in inhibiting the TNF-.alpha. converting enzyme (TACE) responsible for cleavage of TNF-.alpha. precursor to provide biologically active TNF-.alpha.. The compounds employed in the invention are peptidyl derivatives having active groups capable of inhibiting TACE such as, hydroxamates, thiols, phosphoryls and carboxyls.

Abstract: Combinatorial libraries comprising compounds of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are each independently groups of the formula --C(O)R, whereR is an organic radical;x, y, and z are each independently 1, 2, 3, or 4;R.sub.4 is alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, acyl, amino, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, arylalkoxy, heterocyclyl, or H, or is a solid support; andR.sub.5 is alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, acyl, amino, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, arylalkoxy, heterocyclyl, or H are disclosed.

Abstract: Retinoid-like activity is exhibited by compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is F, Cl, OH or CH.sub.3, Y is H or F, R.sub.1 -R.sub.6 are each independently hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, n is an integer of 1 to 4 and R.sub.7 is hydrogen or a carboxyl-protecting group, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The compounds of formula I selectively interact with the retinoic acid subtype RAR.gamma. and have been found to lack the liver toxicity associated with systemic administration of non-selective retinoids.

Abstract: Acyl chlorides are prepared by reacting a carboxylic acid or its anhydride with carbonyl chloride in the presence of a carboxamide of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is a radical of the formula ##STR2## R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each alkyl of 1 to 9 carbon atoms, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 9 carbon atoms and the two radicals R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may furthermore be a hydrocarbon radical which completes the moiety ##STR3## to form a heterocyclic structure, and the stated alkyl and hydrocarbon radicals may furthermore contain substituents which are inert under the reaction conditions.

Abstract: A process for the oxidation of organosulphur compounds with hydrogen peroxide is provided. The process employs solid supported polyacids comprising tungsten, molybdenum and/or vanadium as catalysts. The supports are selected from compounds, preferably oxides, of Group IIa, IIb, IIIb, IVa and IVb elements, and strong base ion exchange resins. Certain embodiments of the process provide for the oxidation of sulphides to sulphoxides or sulphones, particularly for the oxidation of penicillins to penicillin sulphoxides. Other embodiments of the process provide for the selective oxidation of thiols to sulphoxides.

Abstract: A continuous process for preparing alkoxylated alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates which comprises reacting in the presence of water a mixture of an alkali metal sulfide and bisulfite with a mixture of alkoxylated glycidyl ethers comprising a major quantity of a ##STR1## wherein R is alkyl or alkenyl of about eight to twenty carbon atoms, R' is H or methyl, n is an average integer value of 1 to about 12 to obtain alkoxylated sulfonated product having as a major quantity of the alkoxylated product ##STR2## at an elevated temperatures of at least 125.degree. C., a pressure sufficient to maintain the reaction mass liquid at the reaction temperature and at least 20 wt % of the reaction mass as sulfonated product.

Abstract: (A) oligohydroxy-C.sub.3-8 -alkanes containing at least 3 hydroxy groups and (B) KOH, that contain at least 5% by weight of K.sup.+ and at least one alcoholic hydroxy group are eminently suitable as oxyalkylation catalysts, in particular for the oxyalkylation of ester group-containing substrates, before all of natural, vegetable or animal fats or oils or their modification products.