Abstract: A method for producing syngas from preferably vegetal biomass is described. The method provides for the use of a fixed bed gasifier, equipped with two reactors. The biomass is fed to both reactors together with a primary flow rate of air. Advantageously, the method according to the present invention is different from the known art since a secondary flow rate of air is withdrawn from the first reactor at the area where the biomass dries, and fed to the second reactor at the area where the biomass dries, and vice versa, alternately during time. Alternatively, an oscillating air flow is created in each reactor. The achievable result is a greater syngas production, but not exclusively. The syngas quality is improved too, since the biomass has a longer time for completing the gasification reactions.

Abstract: A mixing apparatus for producing a feedstock for a reformer, the mixing apparatus including at least one mixing vessel comprising a cylindrical vessel with a conical bottom; a steam inlet configured for introducing steam into the conical bottom; a carbonaceous material inlet configured for introducing a carbonaceous feed into the cylindrical vessel; and an outlet for a reformer feedstock comprising at least 0.3 pounds of steam per pound of carbonaceous material, with the at least one mixing vessel configured for operation at a pressure of greater than about 10 psig.

Abstract: “Syngas” is produced from carbon based material in a system comprising means for feeding material into the system, means for combustion thereof, means for use of Syngas and means for extraction of combustion residues, combustion means comprise: a sealed combustion chamber; device for injection of gas into the combustion chamber; device for monitoring the quantity of gas introduced/to be introduced into the combustion chamber, where the method comprises: introducing the material into a combustion chamber, wherein the combustion chamber has a constant temperature between 300 and 600° C.; residence of the material therein for 5-13 hours; which allows combustion to decompose organic molecules of the material producing Syngas, continuously drawn off, and carbonous residues; residence of the carbonous residues at the temperature for 7-13 hours with excess air; the excess air for completely incinerating the carbonous residue; and use of the Syngas and extraction of the ash produced by the above.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a gasifier and/or a gasification process that provides a long, uniform temperature zone in the gasifier, regardless of the particle size, chemical composition, and moisture content of the fuel by sandwiching a reduction zones between two oxidation zones. The gasifier and/or gasification process has a char that is more energy-dense and almost devoid of moisture that affords for an additional (or char) oxidation zone with a temperature that is higher than a first oxidation zone which is closer to a evaporation and devolatilization zone. As such, the additional (or char) oxidation zone contributes to augmenting the reduction zone temperature, thereby providing a favorable dual impact in improving syngas composition and near-complete conversion of the tar.

Abstract: The fossil fuel processing apparatus of the present disclosure includes two pressure vessels, or two separators, above a single vessel footprint area in a vertically stacked configuration. The stacked configuration permits the processing of gas to occur in a space having less length and less width than that of two separators arranged tip-to-end or side-by-side, respectively. The first and second separators are configured to separate fuel from non-fuel in a footprint area of a single gas separator as the fuel moves from upstream to downstream through a gas processing system. Further, the gas processing apparatus of the present disclosure permits the two separators to fit in a housing compartment that is more easily transportable via tractor-trailer.

Abstract: A method and system for producing a synthesis gas in an oxygen transport membrane based reforming system is disclosed that carries out a primary reforming process within a reforming reactor, and a secondary reforming process within an oxygen transport membrane reactor and in the presence of heat generated from a oxygen transport membrane reactor and an auxiliary source of heat. The auxiliary source of heat is disposed within the reactor housing proximate the reforming reactors and may include an auxiliary reactively driven oxygen transport membrane reactor or a ceramic burner.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell; a fuel gas path supplied with fuel and allowing a part of fuel gas discharged from the fuel cell to circulate; an exhaust mechanism discharging the reacted fuel gas to an outside; a circulation mechanism circulating the fuel gas; and a control unit configured to temporarily stop circulation of the fuel gas by the circulation mechanism when determining that discharge from the exhaust mechanism is not normal, drive the circulation mechanism so that the fuel gas circulates at a first circulation speed when determining that the discharge is not normal and a parameter relating to water vapor in the fuel gas path is equal to a predetermined value or greater, and drive the circulation mechanism so that the fuel gas circulates at a second circulation speed greater than the first circulation speed when determining that the discharge is normal.

Abstract: In order to prevent a reduction in workability when inserting an insulator, the insulator is to be disposed between a stacked body having a cell stack including a plurality of stacked unit cells and an end member to be disposed outward from the cell stack in stacking directions of the plurality of unit cells, and a covering to be disposed so as to separate in a perpendicular direction to the stacking directions from a side face of the stacked body parallel to the stacking directions. In a state where an end portion of the end member in the perpendicular direction is closer to the covering than an end portion of the cell stack in the perpendicular direction, and the insulator is disposed between the stacked body and the covering, the insulator includes a planar portion for covering at least a part of the side face, and a protruded portion disposed in the planar portion and protruded toward one or more unit cells near the end member among the plurality of unit cells constituting the cell stack.

Abstract: The present disclosure relate to a method for preparing a cathode electrolyte for redox flow batteries including the steps of: forming a first cathode electrolyte by reducing vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) in an acidic solution in the presence of a specific reducing compound; forming a second cathode electrolyte by reducing vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) in an acidic solution in the presence of a linear or branched aliphatic alcohol having 2 to 10 carbon atoms; and mixing the first cathode electrolyte and the second cathode electrolyte, and to a redox flow battery including the cathode electrolyte obtained by the preparation method.

Abstract: Rechargeable lithium battery cell having a housing, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte containing a conductive salt, wherein the electrolyte comprises SO2 and the positive electrode contains an active material in the composition LixM?yM?z(XO4)aFb, wherein M? is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of the elements Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn, M? is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of the metals of the groups II A, III A, IV A, V A, VI A, IB, IIB, IIIB, IVB, VB, VIB and VIIIB, X is selected from the group consisting of the elements P, Si and S, x is greater than 0, y is greater than 0, z is greater than or equal to 0, a is greater than 0 and b is greater than or equal to 0.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling a purge valve of a fuel cell vehicle are provided to reduce a consumption amount of hydrogen and improve fuel efficiency. In particular, whether oxygen concentration in a channel of an anode of a fuel cell stack exceeds a reference value is estimated while restarting the vehicle after the vehicle is parked. Then, an open time of a purge valve is adjusted based on a parking time of a vehicle when the hydrogen concentration is greater than the reference value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sulfur-containing composite with a core-shell structure for lithium-sulfur battery, wherein the substrate of the core contains macropores and/or mesopores and optionally micropores, and the substrate of the shell is a microporous coating layer; as well as a process for preparing said sulfur-containing composite, an electrode material and a lithium-sulfur battery comprising said sulfur-containing composite.

Abstract: A system and method for generating an exhaust syngas are disclosed. The system includes a mixing unit, a heat exchanger, and an engine. The mixing unit is configured to mix a hydrocarbon fuel, an oxidant, and water to generate a fuel mixture. The heat exchanger is coupled to the mixing unit and is configured to receive the fuel mixture from the mixing unit, evaporate the water by heating the fuel mixture using a hot fluid, and generate a heated fuel mixture. The engine is coupled to the heat exchanger and is configured to receive the heated fuel mixture from the heat exchanger and generate an exhaust syngas by partially combusting the heated fuel mixture.

Abstract: A system for rolling electrode plates includes: supplying units for supplying first and second electrode plates and separators; electrode processing units for forming first electrode tabs having gradually increasing intervals between tabs on one side of the first electrode plate and second electrode tabs having gradually increasing intervals between tabs on one side of the second electrode plate by performing cutting processes on the sides of the first and second electrode plates; an assembling unit for forming an electrode assembly by rolling the first and second electrode plates and the separators; and buffer units for temporarily storing the first and second electrode plates to compensate for differences in processing rates and base material transfer amounts between the electrode processing units and the assembling unit, and for transmitting the temporarily stored first and second electrode plates to the assembling unit.

Abstract: Steam-hydrocarbon reforming reactor with a reformer tube containing ceramic-supported catalyst pellets and metal foam particles. The ceramic-supported catalyst pellets have a porous support comprising one or more of alumina, calcium aluminate, and magnesium aluminate. The metal foam particles comprise Fe and/or Ni. The ceramic-supported catalyst pellets and metal foam particles may be layered or interspersed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a highly conductive electrolyte comprising an ionic liquid and to a polymer electrolyte membrane using same, and more particularly, to a highly conductive polymer electrolyte membrane impregnated with a heterocyclic diazole-based ionic liquid and to a method for manufacturing same.

Abstract: A device for reacting an organic starting material to yield a gas that includes hydrogen has a feed device, a tubular furnace with an entry zone, an interior space, an axis of rotation and an exit side, and a water feed arranged by the feed device or entry zone and controllable as a function of the content of hydrogen in the gas mixture. The feed device feeds the starting material in the region of the entry zone into the interior space of the tubular furnace, from which a solid material and a gas mixture is discharged. The tubular furnace has a compensator for different thermal expansions of a first zone and a second zone. A gas-conducting system includes a gas monitor for the content of hydrogen in the gas mixture.

Abstract: A solids circulation system receives a gas stream containing char or other reacting solids from a first reactor. The solids circulation system includes a cyclone configured to receive the gas stream from the first reactor, a dipleg from the cyclone to a second reactor, and a riser from the second reactor which merges with the gas stream received by the cyclone. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the received materials to gaseous products. A conveying fluid transports a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream prior to cyclone entry. The bed media helps manipulate the solids that is received by the cyclone to facilitate flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. The second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids.

Abstract: A solids circulation system receives a gas stream containing char or other reacting solids from a first reactor. The solids circulation system includes a cyclone configured to receive the gas stream from the first reactor, a dipleg from the cyclone to a second reactor, and a riser from the second reactor which merges with the gas stream received by the cyclone. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the received materials to gaseous products. A conveying fluid transports a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream prior to cyclone entry. The bed media helps manipulate the solids that is received by the cyclone to facilitate flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. The second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for manufacturing a fuel cell separator assembly includes a joining step for bringing opposing projections of uneven portions of separators into contact with each other through use of pressing members to join the projections through use of a welding robot. In the joining step, an elastic member is interposed between the pressing members and at least one of first and second separators so that a pressing force from the pressing members is imparted to the first and second separators. In this way, the opposing projections are brought into contact with each other by elastic deformation of the elastic member.