Abstract: The present invention is a method for the glucose related disorders and lipid related disorders comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of one or more novel benzo-fused heterocycle sulfamide derivatives of formula (I) or formula (II) as herein defined. The present invention is further directed to methods of treatment comprising co-therapy with an anti-diabetic agent, and anti-lipid agent and/or an anti-obesity agent.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of enhancing insulin release, GLP-1 release, and insulin sensitivity, methods of increasing insulin gene expression, methods of decreasing gastric secretion and emptying and glucagons secretion, and methods of inhibiting food intake, and methods of treating diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance syndrome, hyperglycemia, and obesity comprising administering to a subject an effective amount of a TRPM5 inhibitor.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and compositions for bringing about changes in skin pigmentation. More particularly, this invention relates to compounds which affect melanogenesis and can be used as depigmenting agents or as agents for darkening skin utilizing the PAR-2 pathway.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and compositions for modulating the activity or level of a sirtuin, thereby treating or preventing obesity or an insulin resistance disorder, such as diabetes in a subject. Exemplary methods comprise contacting a cell with a sirtuin activating compound or an inhibitory compound to thereby increase or decrease fat accumulation, respectively.

Abstract: Agents useful for the treatment of various metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver disease, cachexia, obesity, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is in the field of cholesterol and triglyceride-lowering methods and compositions. In particular, the present invention relates to the use of sphingolipids, more preferably phytosphingosine, sphingosine, sphinganine, ceramide, cerebroside and/or sphingomyelin for lowering the cholesterol and triglyceride levels in a subject and to the use of sphingolipids as a plasma and/or serum cholesterol and triglyceride lowering agent. The invention also encompasses methods of treatment of subjects suffering from high plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels, as well as food items and supplements with increased sphingolipid levels.

Abstract: The invention concerns the use of ketoconazole and derivatives having a corresponding biological activity, and combinations thereof, in the treatment of abdominal obesity, hypertension, hyperinsulinemia, and elevated blood lipids.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical dosage form comprising a controlled release component comprising an antihyperglycemic drug in combination with a second component comprising a thiazolidinedione derivative is herein disclosed and described.

Abstract: To inhibit production of adipocytokines, in particular, adipocytokines that elicit insulin resistance and to prevent onset of pathosis caused by the insulin resistance, or improve the pathosis, the present invention provides an agent or a food or drink which contains a compound having a cyclolanostane skeleton, or an organic solvent extract, a hot water extract of a plant of the family Liliaceae or Gramineae, or a fraction thereof which contains the compound as an active ingredient.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are described for treating impaired neurological function, including altered state of consciousness disorders, in an individual who has sustained a brain injury comprising administering to the individual apomorphine. Methods and compositions are described for treating impaired neurological function, including altered state of consciousness disorders, in an individual who has sustained a brain injury comprising administering to the individual at least 1000 mg or more of L-dopa (levodopa) per day. The use of potent dopaminergic agents to stimulate emergence from an altered consciousness state, such as a coma, is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions comprising an apoptosis inducing anti-cancer agent and an IMPDH inhibitor. This invention also relates to methods for inducing apoptosis and for treating tumors and cancers in mammals.

Abstract: The present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions and methods for the treatment of diabetes mellitus using combination therapy. The compositions relate to a compound of Formula I and an antidiabetic agent such as sulfonylureas, biguanides, glitazones, ?-glucosidase inhibitors, potassium channel antagonists, aldose reductase inhibitors, glucagon antagonists, activators of RXR, insulin therapy or other anti-obesity agent. The methods include the administration of the combination of compound of Formula I with antidiabetic agent where the two components are delivered in a simultaneous manner, where the compound of Formula I is administered first, followed by the antidiabetic agent, as well as wherein the antidiabetic agent is delivered first followed by the compound of Formula I.

Abstract: Provided is a method of treating hypertension, which comprises administering an effective amount of a compound represented by the following formula (1) or (2): wherein, R1 and R2 are the same or different and each independently represents hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkoxyalkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, aralkyl, or acyl, R3 represents hydroxyl, ester bond residue, or amide bond residue, R4 represents ester bond residue or amide bond residue, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (except ferulic acid). When the preventive or remedy for hypertension according to the present invention is administered, ferulic acid exists in the blood for a long period of time, thereby continuously suppressing a blood pressure rise. Moreover, the hypertension preventive or remedy according to the present invention has reduced in bitterness peculiar to ferulic acid, which enables patients to take it continuously.

Abstract: A method for improving glucose control by administering metformin in combination with a DPP-IV inhibitor to a patient in need thereof, in an amount sufficient to control the glucose level over an extended period of time.

Abstract: What is described herein are antimicrobial compositions which are defined blends of a 1,2-diol and phenoxyethanol which show broad activity against bacteria, fungi and mold spores. This activity is potentiated by the addition thereto of small amounts of a co-biocide for which the blend acts as a delivery system for the otherwise water-insoluble co-biocide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a therapeutic agent for diabetes with sulfonylurea secondary failure, which contains a GPR40 agonist. According to the present invention, a therapeutic agent for diabetes with sulfonylurea secondary failure that affords a superior insulin secretion effect and a superior hypoglycemic effect even in diabetic patients for whom a sulfonylurea compound or a fast-acting insulin secretagogue fails to provide an insulin secretion effect and therefore, fails to provide a sufficient hypoglycemic effect can be provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for treating hyperlipidemia and/or hypercholesterolemia comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of an MTP inhibitor to inhibit hyperlipidemia and/or hypercholesterolemia in said subject, wherein said administration comprises an escalating series of doses of the MTP inhibitor. In some embodiments the method comprises administering at least three step-wise, increasing dosages of the MTP inhibitor to the subject. In some embodiments, the method further comprises the administration of one or more other lipid modifying compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions for and methods of treating a number of disorders. In one embodiment, the invention provides a method of treating a wide range of conditions by administering to a human being in need of such treatment, a therapeutically effective amount of (a) N-6-trimethyl-L-lysine of at least 98% purity, (b) a prodrug thereof, (c) an aliphatic chain derivative thereof, (d) an ester derivative thereof, (e) an amide derivative thereof, or (f) a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said N-6-trimethyl-L-lysine or said prodrug.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions containing integrin-binding small molecules. Also disclosed are methods of binding integrins to these small molecules and methods of identifying small molecules binding to integrins.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of certain dialkyl fumarates for the preparation of pharmaceutical preparations for use in transplantation medicine or for the therapy of autoimmune diseases and said compositions in the form of micro-tablets or pellets. For this purpose, the dialkyl fumarates may also be used in combination with conventional preparations used in transplantation medicine and immunosuppressive agents, especially cyclosporines.