Abstract: A negative-working image recording material is disclosed, which comprises a substance which absorbs light to generate heat, a water-insoluble and aqueous alkali-soluble resin, and a phenol derivative having in its molecule from 4 to 8 benzene rings, at least one phenolic hydroxyl group and at least two groups represented by the following general formula (I):--CH.sub.2 OR.sup.1 (I)wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an acyl group. The negative-working image recording material can perform recording independent of the emission wavelength of the exposing light source, particularly with light in the range of from near infrared to infrared (heat irradiation).

Abstract: A material for use as an electrode, and particularly the anode (20) of an electrochemical device, such as an electrochemical capacitor device (10). The material is a multicomponent alloy material, including a host matrix material consisting of antimony, and at least one modifier element selected from the group consisting of bismuth, nickel, cadmium, zinc, silver, manganese, lead, lithium, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Photodefineable cyclobutarene compositions are disclosed. These polymer compositions are useful in composites, laminates, membranes, films, adhesives, coatings, and electronic applications such as multichip modules and printed circuit boards. An example of such photodefineable cyclobutarene compositions is a mixture of a photosensitive agent such as 2,6-bis(4-azidobenzylidene)-4-methylcyclohexanone and a cyclobutarene such as oligomeric divinyltetramethyldisiloxane bisbenzocyclobutane.

Abstract: A contact type image transferring system and method incorporated in an image forming apparatus for cleaning residual toner on a transfer roller. The transfer roller is in contact with a photoconductive drum and forms a nip between the roller and the drum. A sheet of paper passes through the nip and a toner image on the drum is transferred to the sheet of paper. A power source applies a first bias current which has the same polarity as regularly charged toner to the transfer roller from when the image carrier starts its rotation after an inputting of a print start request until the sheet reaches the nip. Then the power source applies a second bias current having the same polarity as the first bias current to the transferring device when the sheet is at the nip to transfer the toner image on the image carrier to the sheet.

Abstract: A composite electrical battery including a primary electrochemical cell and a fully or partially discharged rechargeable electrochemical cell. The rechargeable electrochemical cell is electrically connected in parallel to the primary electrochemical cell. The open circuit voltage of the primary electrochemical cell is significantly lower than the open circuit voltage of the rechargeable cell when the rechargeable cell is fully charged. The self discharge rate of the rechargeable electrochemical cell after electrically connecting the rechargeable electrochemical cell to the primary electrochemical cell is less than a predetermined self discharge rate. The composite battery has an improved current delivery capability for an extended life span compared to the primary electrochemical cell by itself. A method is provided for forming such a composite electrical battery.

Abstract: A thermosensitive resist used in the manufacturing of printed circuit boards comprising a mixture of polyacrylic acid, a salt of a long chain fatty acid such as silver behenate, an infra-red absorber and modifiers such as additional polymers. In the unheated form the resist can be easily washed away with water-based mild solutions or pure water. When selectively heated by an IR laser a non-soluble, etch resistant composition is formed protecting the copper clad printed circuit board from the etchants used in the process.

Abstract: A method is provided for increasing the release temperature from the fuser in copying and printing processes comprising the steps of forming a toner layer on a receiver with an imagewise overlay toner on top and fixing the layers of toner by contact with a fuser.

Abstract: An optical lithographic process and system for fabricating devices which includes an optical subsystem for reducing the rate of damage to the system's optics caused by exposure to energy pulses from an exposure source. The optical subsystem transforms a primary energy pulse from the exposure source into N secondary pulses, where N is .gtoreq.2 with a delay provided between each secondary pulse so as to reduce the peak intensity of the energy pulse being transmitted through the optical system. The subsystem redirects the secondary pulses spatially to satisfy source requirements for appropriate lithographic illuminators. Furthermore, the subsystem may be an intrinsic design feature of the illuminator or exposure source.

Abstract: An electrophotographic dry toner comprising toner particles having externally added thereto fine particles of an inorganic compound having been surface treated with an amphoteric surface active agent. The toner is excellent in fluidity, anti-caking properties, charging properties, and environmental stability and provides excellent images free from defects such as black spots.

Abstract: A single package adhesive for tooth bonding application comprising a solvent-based homogeneous mixture ofa) an ethylenically unsaturated functional and hygroscopically functional monomer;b) an ethylenically unsaturated functional and hygroscopically functional coupling agent that is capable of (a) chemically reacting with and through the ethylenic bond of the ethylenically unsaturated functional monomer of 1) above and (b) chemically bonding to the surface to which the adhesive is applied;c) a poly-ethylenically unsaturated functional crosslinking agent that is capable of reacting with the monomer of 1) above and the coupling agent of 2) above; andd) a photoinitiator that induces addition polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated compound.A method for forming a composite and composite structure are included that emply the single package adhesive.

Abstract: A stencil mask (10) has a membrane (14) under tensile stress and at least one pattern opening (22) formed through the membrane (14). A plurality of stress relief openings (30) are formed in the membrane for reducing stress-induced distortion of the membrane and the mask pattern. The stress relief openings (30) are positioned to relieve concentrations of stress within the membrane (14) such as those resulting from non-regularities within the pattern. In one embodiment, a screening material (56), less rigid than the membrane (14), is contained within the stress relief openings (30).

Abstract: The present invention relates a photopolymerizable composition which comprises:A) one or more ethylenically unsaturated, free-radical polymerizable monomers;B) one or more organic binders; andC) one or more photoinitiators, wherein the photoinitiator is an acyl or diacyl phosphine oxide, in combination with a fluorescent optical brightener;and a process for producing such a photopolymerizable composition.

Abstract: An image-forming method is disclosed. A color toner image formed on an electrostatic latent image carrier is transferred onto one surface of a transfer material and fixed on the transfer material by a fixing means through heating and melting. An other color toner image formed on the electrostatic latent image carrier is transferred onto an other surface opposite to the color toner-fixed surface of the transfer material and fixed, thereby forming color images fixed on both surfaces of the transfer material. The color toner forming the color images contains toner particles directly obtained by suspension polymerization, and the toner particles contain wax.

Abstract: A color image forming method which comprises forming a mono-color or multi-color toner image on an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a releasing surface by an electrophotographic process; forming a releasable transfer layer on the photoreceptor having the toner image formed thereon; transferring the toner image together with the transfer layer onto a primary receptor; and transferring the toner image together with the transfer layer from the primary receptor onto the final receiving material, and an apparatus for carrying out the image forming method.

Abstract: A process of phase edge lithography is employed in the manufacture of very large scale integrated (VLSI) chips in which chrome images are biased on a phase edge of a phase shift mask (PSM) and the mask overexposed to compensate for the positive bias. This overexposure eliminates any residual images from the phase edge mask with minimum impact to the desired images. This simple process results in a trim-less phase edge process that takes advantage of the improved resolution and process latitude of phase edge PSMs while avoiding layout impacts caused by a trim mask or other phase edge elimination methods.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate for use on a printing press, with minimal or no additional processing after exposure to actinic radiation, comprises a printing plate substrate, a polymeric resist layer capable of imagewise photodegradation or photohardening, and a plurality of microencapsulated developers capable of blanket-wise promoting the washing out of either exposed or unexposed areas of the polymeric resist. The microencapsulated developers may be integrated into the polymeric resist layer, or may form a separate layer deposited atop the polymeric resist layer, or may be coated onto a separate sheet support capable of being brought into face-to-face contact with conventional printing plates.

Abstract: A color filter array is made by a method which uses a dye solution having a charge opposite to that of a mordant and an ionic component of the same charge as the dye solution.

Abstract: A substantially dry method for making an optical waveguide device with at least one buried channel waveguide in a laminated and hardened matrix. The method begins with exposing to light a region of a substantially dry photohardenable film adhered to a support. Then a first substantially dry photohardenable layer which is adhered to a support is laminated to one side of the film. Then the support is removed from the film. Then a second substantially dry photohardenable layer which is adhered to a support is laminated to the other side of the film. Then the layers and film are hardened.