Abstract: A planar inverted-F antenna includes a ground element, a shorting element, a radiating element, and a feeding element. The shorting element extends upwardly from the ground element. The radiating element is disposed above the ground element, and extends transversely from the shorting element. The radiating element includes a meandering strip and a flat plate. The meandering strip has opposite first and second ends. The first end of the meandering strip is coupled to the shorting element. The flat plate has a connecting side that is connected to the second end of the meandering strip and that has a length different from that of the second end of the meandering strip. The feeding element has a first end that is connected to the radiating element, and a second end that extends through and that is free from electrical contact with the ground element.

Abstract: A laser device which may be used as an oscillator or amplifier comprising a chamber having a volume formed therein and a gain medium within the volume. The gain medium comprises solid-state elements containing active laser ion distributed within the volume. A cooling fluid flows about the solid-state elements and a semiconductor laser diode provides optical pump radiation into the volume of the laser chamber such that laser emission from the device passes through the gain medium and the fluid. The laser device provides the advantages of a solid-state gain medium laser (e.g., diode-pumping, high power density, etc), but enables operation at higher average power and beam quality than would be achievable from a pure solid-state medium.

Abstract: A radio frequency identification (RIFD) inlay includes an interposer that has a chip, and an antenna on an antenna substrate. The antenna substrate has a recess or hole, and the chip is at least partially in the recess or hole. By placing the chip or the interposer face down and at least partially in a recess or hole, thickness of the inlay may be reduced.

Abstract: A light weight antenna system and corresponding lightweight transmission lines are disclosed that are characterized as having an extremely light weight relative to prior such systems and lines. An inflatable body having an inner surface connected to an outer surface with a plurality of support structures, such as connecting tubes. Antenna elements are disposed on the outer surface of the inflatable body to form, for example, a phased array antenna. Coaxial transmission lines are used to transmit signals to and from an antenna element and are, in one embodiment, created by disposing an inner conductor within the aforementioned connecting tubes. Such a transmission line may be utilized in a number of applications, such as to connect a base station to an antenna system of a wireless communications network. In another embodiment, quasi coaxial transmission lines are formed by disposing flexible membrane shields around a transmission elements.

Abstract: An improved apparatus and method for control of discharge lighting, such as HID (high intensity discharge) lighting, effects full-voltage start up of the lighting, and sustained operation of the lighting at a reduced voltage after a selected and variable start-up phase or interval. The apparatus includes an auto transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding. The primary winding is always in series with the load, but may be shorted to connect full line voltage from the line to the load. When the primary winding is not shorted, the secondary winding is connected to the load also, so that reduced voltage is provided to the load. A thermal analog device simulates the warm up time constant of the HID lighting unit, so that the reduction in operating voltage to the HID lighting unit is effected only after this lighting unit has achieved a sufficiently high temperature to sustain operation at a reduced operating voltage.

Abstract: A pre-drive circuit having low deviation of timing of a high level and a low level output voltages is disclosed. A plurality of drive systems are comprised, each having an input amplifier circuits for amplifying input voltages input to input voltage terminals, high level shift circuits for shifting signal levels output from the input amplifier circuits, and output amplifier circuits for amplifying shift signals output from the high level shift circuits, and each drive system has the same constitution.

Abstract: A vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) includes a substrate; a first mirror stack over the substrate; an active region having a plurality of quantum wells over the first mirror stack; a tunnel junction over the active region, a p-layer of the tunnel junction including GaPSb or AlGaPSb; and a second mirror stack over the tunnel junction. The p-layer including GaPSb or AlGaPSb can be used to form a tunnel junction with an n-doped layer of InP or AlInAs, or with a lower bandgap material such as InGaAs, AlInGaAs or InGaAsP. Such tunnel junctions are especially useful for a long wavelength VCSEL.

Abstract: A UWB antenna has an upper dielectric, a lower dielectric, and a conductive pattern sandwiched therebetween. The conductive pattern has a feeding point at a substantially center portion of a front surface. The conductive pattern has a reversed triangular portion having a right-hand taper part and a left-side taper part which widen from the feeding point at a predetermined angle toward a right-hand side surface and a left-hand side surface, respectively, and a rectangular portion having a base side being in contact with an upper side of the reversed triangular portion. The rectangular portion may preferable have at least one slit formed therein.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of controlling an optical signal includes superimposing at least one optical reference signal and the optical signal to obtain at least one interference signal having an actual beat frequency, and pre-selecting one or more of the at least one interference signals using a predetermined bandwidth and a filter characteristic that is asymmetric with respect to an actual frequency of the optical signal, to determine a position of the optical signal relative to the at least one optical reference signal.

Abstract: An improved antenna arrangement includes a passive and electrically conductive element comprising a beamforming element. The at least one beamforming element is subdivided into at least two sections, specifically a mounting section and an operating section, which is connected to the area of the mounting section located further away from the reflector.

Abstract: A multi-function combat laser is described that uses single or multiple laser sources (laser diodes) in a configuration such that when it is coupled with a dichroic substrate the laser sources outputs are coupled to produce a single desired output. The multi-function combat laser consolidates multiple laser functions for the dismounted soldier into a single package with shared power supplies, optics and laser sources.

Abstract: A GPS receiving antenna device that can suitably be provided on the exterior of a vehicle is provided with low cost. An antenna case includes a top cover and a bottom plate joined with each other. The top cover stores an antenna module that receives a signal and a packing member provided at the joining part between the top cover and the bottom plate to keep the antenna case tightly sealed. The top cover and the bottom plate are provided with engagement parts and claw parts, respectively, and the top cover and the bottom plate are joined with each other as the packing member is pressed.

Abstract: A controllable single-photon source having a single illuminated molecule in a condensed phase host is provided. The single molecule is illuminated with a pulse of radiation having a wavelength such that the molecule is excited to a vibrational state higher in energy than an associated excited electronic state. The molecule rapidly, incoherently and irreversibly decays, with a lifetime Tvib, from the vibrational state to the excited electronic state by transferring the corresponding vibrational energy to the host. The excited electronic state has a lifetime T, and with high probability the single molecule makes a radiative transition from this state to emit a single photon. The pump pulse duration Tp satisfies the condition Tvib<Tp<T. Room temperature operation and spectral separation of pump and single-photon radiation are thereby provided. A semiconductor nanocrystal can be used instead of a molecule.

Abstract: An improved Klystron device is disclosed which has opposed electrostatic (ES) magnetic field generating members which are uniformly spaced along a longitudinal axis to form an electron beam chamber. The ES magnetic field generating members produce a magnetic flux which confines an electron beam passing through the chamber when an alternating current (AC) is imposed upon the magnetic field generating members. An additional improvement includes a chamber formed from a single sheet of electron conductive metal having a ladder-like structure symmetrical about a longitudinal hinge which permits the structure to be folded about the hinge to form a suitable electron beam chamber.

Abstract: Compact, high-power, near-diffraction-limited sources of radiation in the near infrared spectral region are provided by a new class of power amplifiers that can be pumped by conventional high-power, multimode, relatively-broadband 1-D and 2-D laser diode arrays, where the pumped amplifier gain medium is an atomic vapor of one of the alkali elements (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs), buffered with a mixture of rare-gas (He, Ar, Kr, Ne, or Xe) and selected molecular gases. Given the central role of the alkali atomic vapor as the entity providing amplifier gain, this new type of amplifier is herein designated as the diode-pumped alkali amplifier (DPAA).

Abstract: A method for determining a condition of the laser system includes determining a change in a laser current from a preset value. The method includes determining the preset value based on a temperature signal and a supply voltage signal for the laser. The preset value can be determined from a table or from a function.

Abstract: A dual-band antenna, a method of manufacturing the same and a wireless networking card incorporating the antenna. In one embodiment, the antenna includes: (1) a substrate, (2) an inverted F antenna printed circuit supported by the substrate and tuned to resonate in a first frequency band and (3) a monopole antenna printed circuit supported by the substrate, connected to the inverted F antenna printed circuit and tuned to resonate in a second frequency band.

Abstract: A phased array antenna structure capable of operation at millimeter-wave frequencies and having multiple ring slot radiator elements (10). The RF feed structure for each radiator element includes a feed via (28) extending part-way through a multi-layer structure (FIG. 3) on which the radiator elements (10) are formed and a strip line feed probe (30) extending from the via (28) toward the radiator element. A key feature facilitating high-frequency operation is the inclusion of multiple mode suppressors (32) surrounding the via (28) and providing a smooth transition from a coaxial mode of RF transmission to a strip line mode of RF transmission. The feed probe (30) is tailored to provide either a narrow-band or a wideband frequency characteristic.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an omni-directional, orthogonally propagating, one-quarter wavelength folded loop antenna. The antenna may be embodied in a wire, flat metal stock or printed configuration. The antenna comprises a folded loop antenna comprising an upper and lower horizontal element with a first and a second end and each of a length that is approximately forty-five percent of the overall one-quarter wavelength of the folded loop antenna connected by a vertical element. The antenna further comprises a ground plane having a minimum vertical length of three-sixteenths of a required wavelength and a horizontal width of a minimum of one-fifth of a wavelength as measured from the physical center of a first end of an antenna feed element. Further aspects of the folded loop antenna system are enabled with polarization diversity and selectable secondary resonance frequency and 10 dB return loss bandwidth.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser with a semiconductor body (1), which has a periodic arrangement of cutouts (2) or in which a period arrangement of semiconductor regions is formed, so that the radiation generated by the semiconductor laser is not capable of propagating within this periodic arrangement, the resonator (3) of the semiconductor laser being omitted from the periodic arrangement in the lateral direction. Furthermore, an optically pumped semiconductor device is disclosed with a vertical emitter (13) comprising a quantum well structure (7), which is pumped by means of a semiconductor laser of this type or into which the pump radiation of a pump radiation source is coupled by means of a corresponding waveguide (22).