Abstract: A synthesis device comprises a plurality of pipes, a feeding unit, a reaction vessel, and a measurement mechanism. The pipes extend from a plurality of storage containers, respectively, in which a plurality of types of solutions are stored. The feeding unit is configured to feed the solutions in the storage containers through the pipes. The solutions selectively fed from the storage containers are put in the reaction vessel to generate a synthesized product by chemical synthesis. The measuring mechanism is provided between the storage containers and the reaction vessel in a middle of an overall flow path including the pipes, the measuring mechanism being configured to measure the solutions fed to the reaction vessel.

Abstract: A packing device for mass and heat transfer with a subject fluid includes a housing having opposing ends, and subject fluid openings at each opposing end defining a subject fluid flow path for at least one subject fluid flowing through the packing device. A plurality of mass and heat transfer plates each include an interior heat exchange fluid channel disposed between interior heat transfer surfaces of the mass and heat transfer plates. A heat exchange fluid inlet and fluid outlet can supply and remove heat exchange fluid to the heat exchange fluid channels of the mass and heat transfer plates. The mass and heat transfer plates can be oriented to define there between fluid flow channels for the subject fluid. A method and system for mass and heat transfer with a subject fluid, and a method and system for the removal of CO2 from a gas stream are disclosed.

Abstract: A supercritical water oxidation vortex reactor has a reactor shell configured to contain a pressurized and heated material including water, a burner assembly configured to create a supercritical core region in the material in the reactor shell, the supercritical core region including water above its critical point, an injector assembly configured to inject into the enclosed volume a subcritical wash stream including water below its critical point and an aspirator arranged in the enclosed volume and configured to remove a processed flow including purified water from an upper portion of the supercritical core region. The supercritical water oxidation vortex reactor is configured with an upward helical flow to transfer precipitated ionic compounds out of the supercritical core region, through a transcritical intermediate region, and into the subcritical wash stream where they re-dissolve.

Abstract: The machinery and methods disclosed herein are based on the use of a specialized extruder configured to continuously convey and plasticize/moltenize selected lignocellulosic biomass and/or waste plastic materials into a novel variable volume tubular reactor, wherein the plasticized/moltenized material undergoes reaction with circumferentially injected supercritical water—thereby yielding valuable simple sugar solutions and/or liquid hydrocarbon mixtures (e.g., “neodiesel”), both of which are key chemical commodity products. The reaction time may be adjusted by changing the reactor volume. The machinery includes four zones: (1) a feedstock conveyance and plasticization/moltenization zone; (2) a steam generation and manifold distribution zone; (3) a central supercritical water reaction zone; and (4) a pressure let-down and reaction product separation zone.

Abstract: A liquid treatment apparatus includes a water pump and a plasma jet generating device. A liquid inlet of the water pump is immersed in a liquid. A liquid outlet of the water pump is configured to eject the liquid from the liquid inlet out of the water pump without artificial bubbles in the liquid. A gas inlet of the plasma jet generating device is configured to be located out of the liquid. A pair of electrodes of the plasma jet generating device is configured to generate plasma jet by the gas from the gas inlet. The plasma jet outlet is configured to be immersed in the liquid and in proximity to the liquid outlet of the water pump so that the gas is automatically entrained into the gas inlet of the plasma jet generating device when the liquid is ejected out from the liquid outlet.

Abstract: A device for converting cellulose to sugar has a reaction chamber with a plurality of control components, and a control assembly. The control assembly is operatively connected to the reaction chamber, a drive assembly and control components to transmit and receive interoperability signals. The device has an inlet hopper with a detector, a crusher, an outlet hopper, a sensor assembly, a steam inlet, and a carbon dioxide inlet. The inlet hopper is configured to receive and analyze proportion data of matters in a feedstock and catalyst mixture via the detector. The crusher receives and grinds the mixture from the inlet hopper to induce chemical reaction for producing sugar. The outlet hopper is configured to determine a proportion data of matter in the grinded mixture. The control assembly is configured to determine adjustments need to be performed on the components and drive assembly to optimize the sugar production.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes and apparatus useful for (fast) ionic polymerisation of liquid monomer(s) containing reaction mixture for the production of the corresponding polymer(s).

Abstract: A movable device for filling one or more chambers with solid particles in the divided state, the device includes a movable frame, metering means for metering the solid particles comprising two or more metering plates comprising one or more perforations, the metering plates being arranged on top of one another such that the perforation or perforations of one metering plate is/are in connection with the perforation or perforations of the metering plate situated below and/or above it, so as to form one or more metering columns intended to be placed in connection with the chamber or chambers, means for simultaneously releasing the solid particles from the metering means to the chamber or chambers, a storage tank for storing the solid particles, which comprises a bottom pierced with through-holes that are connected with, or can be placed in connection with, the metering column or columns, and comprising unloading means for releasing the solid particles from the storage tank to the metering column or columns.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a process for providing a homogeneous particle-containing slurry comprising the steps of: (a) providing a vessel comprising at least one impeller rotating around a vertical axis of the vessel, the vessel further comprising an inlet and an outlet; (b) introducing the particle-containing slurry into the vessel or introducing components forming the particle-containing slurry into the vessel; (c) rotating the at least one impeller at least around the vertical axis for homogenizing and/or maintaining a homogeneous particle distribution within the slurry; (d) withdrawing the homogeneous particle-containing slurry via the outlet; (e) stopping the at least one impeller for a maximum time T, whereby T is calculated according to the following relations: u T = 4 ? g ? ( ? p - ? f ) ? D p 3 ? ? f ? C D ( 1 ) C D = 24 Re ? [ 1 + 0.173 ? Re 0.657 ] ( 2 ) T = h u T .

Abstract: Described are articles formed of a pulp base material comprising fibers, wherein pores are formed between the fibers. A volatile composition with at least one top note component and at least one base note component at least partially fills the pores of the pulp base material. A release rate of the at least one top note component is modulated by the pulp base material, and a release rate of the at least one base note component is enhanced by the pulp base material.

Abstract: A socket-type fluid distributor for distributing and supplying a gas and/or liquid reactant into a reactor body. The socket-type fluid distributor includes: a distributor body, a bottom portion of which is inserted into the reactor body; a mixing flow path formed in a central portion of the distributor body such that the mixing flow path penetrates through the distributor body into the reactor body; a gas reactant input portion disposed above the distributor body and having a gas flow path; a liquid reactant input portion disposed between the distributor body and the gas reactant input portion and having a liquid flow path; and a flow control portion formed in the mixing flow path.

Abstract: Provided are an immediately-before-stirring-type fluid processing device and an immediately-before-stirring-type fluid processing method that can adjust or improve the final properties of a fluid to be processed that is introduced as a raw material into an annular flow channel of a microreactor employing the annular flow channel, which is formed between relatively rotating processing surfaces, as a flow channel in which fluid processing is performed. A fluid to be processed, which has been prepared in a fluid preparing system so as to be in an ideal state for reaction, is charged into a fluid processing device. The fluid processing device subjects the fluid to be processed to reaction processing in an annular flow channel, which is formed between two processing surfaces. A cylindrical stirring space is provided in the radially inner side of the annular flow channel, and a rotor and a screen are disposed inside the stirring space.

Abstract: A system for disinfecting fluid includes a plurality of fluid reactors. Each of the fluid reactors includes at least one UVC LED. The UVC LED includes an LED chip configured to emit UVC radiation and a package coupled with the LED chip. The LED chip has a top surface that defines a chip top surface area. The top surface is formed from a semiconductor material having an index of refraction. The fluid reactor has at least one wall that defines a chamber configured to contain the fluid. The at least one wall has an aperture configured to receive UVC radiation into the chamber. The aperture extends through the at least one wall. The aperture has an aperture area that is (1) smaller than a top surface area of the package and (2) equal to or larger than the chip top surface area.

Abstract: A reactor for oxidizing low concentrations of methane in air or other oxidizable fluid mixtures using a porous heat exchanger and a non-porous heat exchanger and an activation zone that allows the oxidation of very weak streams of methane in air or of other oxidizable fluid mixtures.

Abstract: A system for post-processing carbon powders includes a fluidized-bed reactor having an interior containing a fluidized-bed region. The system may include a gas feed source, a gas inlet value, a gas-solid separator, and an energy source coupled to the fluidized-bed reactor. Carbon nano-particulates may be loaded, in powder form, into the fluidized-bed region prior to operation. The gas feed source may output a gas-phase mixture into the interior of the fluidized-bed reactor, and the energy source may electromagnetically excite the gas-phase mixture and generate a plasma-phase mixture formed in a plasma region positioned adjacent to or within the interior of the fluidized-bed reactor. The energy source may be positioned at one or more positions relative to the gas inlet valve.

Abstract: The invention is an apparatus for preparing a chemical solution. A device of the present invention includes a housing including a lower chamber and an upper chamber and a dissolving bowl arranged at an interface of the lower chamber and upper chamber. The dissolving bowl includes a grid disposed within. Solid, undissolved chemical material rests on a top surface of the grid, such that the grid is able to maintain physical separation of the solid, undissolved chemical material from at least a bottom portion of the dissolving bowl. The device further includes a nozzle disposed within the dissolving bowl and positioned so as to direct flow of aqueous fluid into the dissolving bowl and towards the grid. The dissolving bowl further includes an outlet in fluid communication with the lower chamber to thereby allow for a prepared chemical solution to flow from the dissolving bowl into the lower chamber.

Abstract: A reaction analysis device specifies a reaction state of a reaction fluid flowing through a flow reactor. The reaction analysis device includes a processor configured to specify the reaction state of the reaction fluid based on a reaction parameter indicating the reaction state of the reaction fluid which is obtained from a temperature distribution of the reaction fluid immediately after a reaction starts in a flow direction of the reaction fluid.

Abstract: A jacketed vessel for temperature control of contents within the vessel is provided. The vessel has a shell and an external jacket through which heating or cooling fluid is circulated. The jacket is formed by a length of conduit arranged in a spiral orientation around the vessel shell. The conduit has a center portion having a concave inner surface and has opposing side portions having convex inner surfaces. Edge sections of each side portion are welded to the exterior surface of the shell to form the jacket. Edge sections of adjacent arcs of conduit may be simultaneously welded to the shell in a single weld pass. The shape of the conduit provides improved heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics, as well as improvements in the vessel manufacturing process.

Abstract: A propulsion element including a catalyzing reactor is disclosed. The catalyzing reactor comprises a reactor entrance and a reactor exit and an internal structure arranged for flowing a reacting medium through the reactor from the reactor entrance to the reactor exit. The reactor structure comprising at least one thin walled reactor channel arranged between the entrance and the exit of the reactor. The channel having a channel wall that includes a catalyst and that defines a flow path, in which channel in use, a catalyzed exothermic reaction takes place in the medium as it flows along the flow path. The at least one channel is looped to have a portion of its flow path that is downstream with respect to the reactor entrance in heat exchanging contact with a portion of a flow path that is that is more upstream with respect to the reactor entrance, so as to transfer heat between a downstream portion of the reacting medium to an upstream portion thereof.

Abstract: A micro-interface strengthening reaction system and method for preparing polyethylene by using a solution process are provided. The system includes a pre-polymerization reactor and a polymerization reactor connected in sequence. The pre-polymerization reactor is provided with a pre-polymerization micro-interface generators, and the polymerization reactor is provided with a micro-interface generator. The system further includes a desolvation tower for removing solvents and impurities from the polyethylene product. A polyethylene inlet is disposed at a middle part of the desolvation tower, and the polyethylene inlet is connected with the flash tank bottom outlet. A nitrogen micro-interface generator for dispersing and breaking high-temperature nitrogen into micro-bubbles is disposed within the desolvation tower.